US168758A - Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas - Google Patents

Description

P. WQM AUKENZIEL Apparatus for the Manufacture of llluminatingfias.

Fl -168.758. Patented on. n, 1875;

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NFETERS, FHOIO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINQTON. D. 2.

UNITED S TES;

A ENT PHILIP w. MACKENZIE, or BLAUVELTVILLE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS'FOR THE MANUFACTURE 0F ILLUMINATINGrGAS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,758, dated October 11, 1875; application filed November 7,1874.

CASE B.

less decomposing-chamber and one or more separately-heated fixing-retorts. The invention also consists in a like combination of parts or devices, together with an upper hydrocarbon-supply pipe to the decomposingchamber.

The primary retort-for superheatingthe steam which passes to the decomposing-chamher, as also said'chamber or furnace, are not here separately claimed as new, but are the same as described in another application for patent made by me for an improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of gas by the combustion of water with carbon.

Figurel represents a vertical section, mainly on the line was and Fig. 2, a longitudinal section on the line y y.

A is the retort, to which steam is admitted by a pipe, b, above, and which is constructed of compartments d, mounted one upon the other, and in communication with each other by contracted central openings e, to promote .a perfect circulation up and down within the retort, so that the steam passes in a highlyheated condition by the outlet 0 to the decomposing-chamber B, which latter it is preferred to make without a grate, and with its cinder or ash pit D of larger area at its top than the base of the decomposing-chamber, to insure a free supply of the highly-heated steam of the decomposing-chamber, and to prevent loss by radiation from below. The chamber B, in the present instance, is filled with gas-coal, or other gas-producing solid substance rich in carbon,

and is charged from time to time as required,

said chamber being self-feeding, and the coke, cinders, and ash being removed from -below.

When hydrocarbon is used in addition, it is applied through a small pipe, 8, in communication With the coal, the vapor of which, with the vapor of the hydrocarbon, prevents the caking of the coal. The temperature in this stage of the process does not carbonize or decompose the vapor of the hydrocarbon or of the coal, but the hydrocarbon passes down into the decomposing-chamber, and there combines with the hydrogen and carbonic oxide from below, and this combination is not hot enough to make permanent gas. To make permanent gas, one or moreretorts, H, heated by a separate fire or fires, are arranged in close proximity to the decomposing chamber B, and the vapors drawn, by one or more steam-jet exhausters, E, through an upper flue, r,-and

down a vertical flue, u, to and through the retort H, which is provided with fire-places, the

vapors and gases passing from the retorts H up stand-pipes a a, and through a hydraulic main, b, and from thence by the steam-jet exhausters to the condenser G. The retorts H enable the operator to control the heat required to carbonize and convert the gases and vapors issuing from thedecomposing-chamber B into a permanent gas. Without these retorts H the gas would pass off as vapor containing tar rich in carbon, and be condensed and washed out and wasted. The importance of the retorts H will be readily understood when it is considered that if a very high heat be imparted to the upper portion or furnace ofthe decomposing-chamber B, when the vapors of hydrocarbon are used, said vapors would then be converted into lamp-black but the bottom of the decomposing-chamber can- "Enron;

- Vertical and chambered steam-retort A, having upper steam -in1et b and lower superheated steam-outlet 0, with the grateless decomposing-chamber B and one or more separatelyheated fixing-retorts, H, substantially as specified. p

2. The combination of the externally-heated Vertical and chambered steam-retort A, having upper steam-inlet b and lower superheated steam-outlets, with the grateless decomposing chamber B having an upper hydrocarbonsupply pipe, 8, and with one or more separately-heajzed fixing-retorts, H, as and for the purposes described.

P. W. MACKENZIE. Witnesses:

FRED. HAYNES, FEED. TUSGH.

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