US1682561A - Motor fuel - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 28, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,682,561 PATENT OFFICE.

EARL O. mm, CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOB TO UNITED STATES NITO (10., INC., 0]! COLUMBUS,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF nmwm IOTOB FUEL.

Io Drawing. Application filed larch 7,

The present invention relates to liquid fuels for use in internal combustion engines, and

' more particularl to gasolene or other suitable petroleum istillates.

In the operation of an internal combustion engine, owin to the combustion of the fuel in the cylin ers and the exceedin 1y high temperatures resulting therefrom, t ere is a more or less rapid accumulation of deposit in the combustion chambers of the c linders around the valves and u on the spar plugs, and also on the heads 0 the pistons, which seriously interferes with the proper operation of the engine. This deposit, commonly referred to as carbon, tends to cause preignition of the fuel charge in the cylinders, resulting in what is commonly called a carbon knock. The carbon deposit is not entirely carbon but includes other foreign substances, such as iron, rust, or other metallic particles from the walls of the cylinders and the pistons, and generall a conslderable portion of mineral matter ue to the dust from the road being drawn into the cylinders with the air enterlng the carbureter of the engine. The carbon element of the deposit is formed by soot resulting from incomplete combustion of the fuel and also from a carbonization of the excess of lubricatin oil which finds its way into the combustion 0 ambers of the cylinders. In some instances this deposit is hard and dry, and in other instances it is more or less soft or sooty, and frequently it is easy. This latter condition 1s very objectionable because it tends particularly to foul the spark plugs and prevent proper ignition. The In ric-ant which finds its way into the combustion chambers does not perform its pro er function in the said combustion cham rs, because of the hi h temperatures revailing in the latter. It IS easily understood, however, that these chambers should receive proper lubrication.

The main object of the presentinvention is to provide a 'motor fuel comprising gasolene, or other suitable petroleum dlstillate, and certain ingredients in solution therein, which not only has the effect of pireventing deposition of carbon upon the wor ing parts of internal combustion engines, but also tends to loosen and remove that which is present; and which not only improves the lubrication in the combustion chamber, where the lubrication is ve often insufiicient, but also possesses a big er gravity and generally pro- 1888. Serial 1T0. 859,828

vides considerablymore power than those now commonl in use.

The ingredients employed are gasolene or other products of petroleum distillation, a hr h test lubr1cat1ng)oil, castor oil, paranitroch oroben zene and enzol. The pro rtions of these ingredients may be varie but a hlghly satlsfactory and eflicient liquid fuel has been obtained b the use of the said ingrgdients 1n the 0 lowing proportions, to- WI Gasolene 500 allons. Lubricating oil 84 uid oz. Castor oil 17 fluid oz. Paranitrochlorobenzene 12 oz.

Benzol fluid oz.

The lubricating oil and the castor oil are nuxed together, paranitrochlorobenzene is dissolved in the benzol, and the solution so obtamed added to the mixture of lubricating oil and castor oil. After suitably mixing and blending these materials, the compound so obtained is added to the gasolene or other product of petroleum distillation, whereby the 1m roved fuel is ready for use. This fuel 1s use in the ordinary manner although in some cases it is necessary to adjust the carbureter on the engine differently than when used with gasoline alone.

The compound added to the gasoline is readily soluble therein or in other petroleum fuels used, and does in no way interfere with the ex lesion of the combustible charges in the cy inders. On the contra it tends to improve the burning of the c arge. Inasmuch as the compound is entirely and readily soluble in petroleum fuels, it is readily carburetable therewith. The primarily solvent part of the compound is the paranitrochlorobenzene, which is a coal tar product. This in-' gredient has a much higher boiling int than gasoline and is adapted to be absor ed by the carbon deposits and to have a solvent action upon those ingredients of the deposits which are capable of being dissolved. The benzol not only serves as a solvent for the paranitrochlorobenzene, but acts also as a solvent for the carbon deposits. The mixture of lubricating oil and castor oil has a high heat test, is not affected by the explosion of the successive charges in the cylinders of the engine, that is to say ignition does not injure it in its capacity as a lubricant to any considerable extent, and consequently the lubricant performs its lubricatin function in the combustion chambers o the engine. Furthermore, it also prevents carbon from adhering A to the walls of the cylinders, spark plugs,

valves, cylinder rings, valve seats, etc., so that these elements are at all times kept clean, which is not the case when it is attempted to introduce ordinary lubricants with the fuel.

It has also been found that the compound added to the gasolene acts as a catalytic agent and that, as a result of such action, the formation of carbon and its deposition upon the working parts of the engine are revented. The compound added to the gaso ene raises the avity of the fuel, assures material saving in gasolene together with a quick pickup in the engine, and makes it possible to obtain materially increased power, as actual tests have shown. The new fuel composition is adapted for use and with materially improved results in the same automobile engines now in use with gasolene, and without requiring an changes in the design of the engines. Ita omaterially increases the flexibility in speed of an internal combustion engine. It is a well known fact that the increased flexibility in speed is one of the principal reasons given by manufacturers for complicating the engines of automobiles by increasing the number of the cylinders, so that the increased flexibility and speed obtainable with the improved fuel composition makes it possible to obtain with a lesser number of engine cylinders a flexibility such as it has heretofore been considered necessary to obtain by an increased number of cylinders.

What I claim is 1. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines consistin of hydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant comprising a high heat test lubricating oil and castor oil, and a coal tar product comprising benzol and paranitrochlorobenzene.

2. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines consisting of hydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant comprising :1 hi h heat test lubricating oil and castor oil, an a coal tar product comprising benzol and paranitrochlorobenzene, the paranitrochlorobenzene being present in the proportion of 12 oz. to 500 gallons of the fuel.

3. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines consisting of a hydrocarbon motor fuel material, a lubricant having a high boiling point, and a coal tar product comprising benzol and paranitrochlorobenzene.

4. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines including a hydrocarbon motor fuel material, and a coal tar product comprising benzol and paranitrochlorobenzene.

Signed at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, this 7th day of February, A. D. 1928.

EARL C. HENN EN.