US1671230A - Composition material adapted to the plastic art - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 29, 1928.

UNITED ST TES 1,671,230 PATENT OFFICE.

OLQTUB I. CHOSA, OI MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ABSIGNOB TO THE CUTLER- H 1 I r m. 00., O1 MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISOONSIE,

COMPOSITION MATERIAL ADAPTED TO THE PLASTIC A'B'I.

I No Drawing.

This invention relates to composition materials adapted to the plastic art; also to methods of producing such materials.

In prior Patent No. 1,233,416, issued July 17, 1917, to William H. Steinberg, is disclosed a composition material comprising an inert base or filler, a pol merizin or vulcanizin agent and a bin er inclu ing coal tar pitc stearine pitch, an animal or vegetable oil capable of, polymerization and a solvent of low boiling point, together .with methods of producing such material.- Also in a prior application of Clarence A. Nash, filed July 19, 1920, Serial No. 397,181, are disclosed certain improvements in the product and process of Steinberg.

The, present invention has among its ob- 'ectsv that of otherwise and further improv-.

mg theproduct set forth in said Steinberg patent.

Another object is that of providing initar proved and simplified methods of producing materials adapted to the uses contemplated in said'Steinberg patent.

Another object is that of roviding a novel and improved material a apted to the plastic arts.

Another object is that of providing improved and simplified methods of producmg)such materia ther objects and advantages will hereinafter appear. While the materials and processes disclosed in said patent and also the improved process and product disclosed in said application have proven of great value and have been extensively used industrially, the processes aforenoted have been unduly compli- .cated, expensive and time consuming whereas by the new process herein contemplated it has been found possible not onl to simplify the method of production 0 the material as well as reduce the time, labor and expense involved in production thereof but also to produce a superior roduct.

According to the teaching of the Steinber patent, a relatively inert filler material sue for example as asbestos, is impregnated with a composition binder comprising among other ingredients approximately e ual portions of stearine pitch and coal tar 1tch, these substances constitutin the maor constituents of the binder.. the application of Nash, a portion of the coal tar pitch is replaced by an asphaltic body such Application filed J'un'e 1a, 1923. Serial No. 04 ,235.

for example as gilsonite whereas certain further variations and improvements not herein important are contemplated.

.I Iowever, both said patent and-saidjappli- .catlon contemplate the use in the bmder aforesaid teach as an important step in their respective processes at of removing such free carbon which as stated is likely to be precipitated to the exent of 30% b weight of the coal tar pitch employe whereas in practice it is now known that this amount of free carbon may and fr uently does ap roximate by weight of t e coal itc T is procedure obviously involves loss of a relatively high percentage of the material since the carbon so removed is of little or no commercial value. Also the size s necessary for such removal are quite di cult, expensive and time consuming, since the carbon has a tendency to settle and adhere to the lower portions of the tank, still or the like in which the binder is formed, necessitating considerable labor for its removal, whereas the container is frequently very much damaged by the rough treatment incident to such removal. According to the herein contemplate method, I am able to obviate entirely the aforementioned procedure for removal of free carbon, whereas, as a result of the aforesaid method I am also able to-obtain a product adapted to all or practically all uses to which the earlier products are applicable and moreover possessing advantages thereover.v

Thus in accordance with the herein contemplated procedure suitableprgiortions of stearine pltch and asphaltic y ma be brought together in the absence of coa tar pitch, or in the absence.of a sufiicient quantity of the latter to involve recipitation of a material quantity of car on under the treatment imposed, the resultant mixture being thereafter treated, under suitable eon- In those cases wherein a relatively inert filler, such for example as comminuted asbestos, is incorporated with the aforedescribed plastic material prior to molding thereof the sulphur or other solidifying a cut may be preferably mixed with such ler prior to incorporation.

The aforedescribed plastic material, preferably after incorporation with a suitable filler, is thereafter adapted to form givin treatment preferably under pressure, wit strong heat induration treatment, preferably after removal of the formed piece from the forming instrumentality.

Durin such heat induration treatment the sulp ur or other solidifying agent appears to act u on or with reference to certain of the ot er constituents of the material, particularly the solidifiable oil or the like, whereby the material of the piece is transformed into a hard and durable condition, exhibiting superior strength with resistivity toward the action of chemical agents .and solvents.

As typical of certain preferred methods of producing the herein contem lated roducts, the following steps may e emp oyed. Ap roximately 40 parts of stearine pitch an approximately 60 parts of asphalt are scribed ingredients may paratory to molding. Also it is preferable heated together to a temperature of approximately. 500 degreesF. with stirring to effect anjintimate mixture 'ofsaid ingredients. The mixture is thereafter cooled to approximately 47 5 degrees F., whereupon substantially 10 parts of castor oil is added and the. mixture again stirred. Thereafter the mixture is permitted further to cool to approximately? 200 degrees F. and thereafter approximately 25 parts of benzol is added and the mixture again thoroughly stirred.

For production of a moldm com ound, approximately 286 parts of t e a oredematerial, taken as a binder is .thorou hly mixed and incorporated with approx mately 1100 parts of a suitable filler such as asbestos, 66 parts of sulphur and 22 parts of iron 'oxidebein added. Such mixing and incor oration o the foregoing facilitated by further additions of benzol upto or evensomewhat in excess of 100 parts. The mixture may be then disintegrated, screened and subjected-to other desired known treatment prethat anpappreciable interval of time, as

' for example twelve hours intervene bebeyond 24 hours at tween compounding of the molding material and actual pressing thereof. The material may be pressed in cool or cold dies under conditions similar to those ordinarily imposed in treatment of analogous molding mixes. Following molding the material is subjected to stron heat treatment which may cover a perio of hours up to or even temperatures which are preferably elevated radually from approximately 200 degrees to a final temperature of about 500 degrees F.

Pieces produced in the manner aforede scribed are characterized by very superior strength andresistance to impact; Also it has been found that such pieces undergo in general lesser and more uniform degrees of shrinkage during cure than do pieces formed of materials prepared in the ordinary ways, whereas the pressing qualities of the material are found tobe superior.

While the aforementioned proportions of the various ingredients, articularly the stearine pitch and asphalt, ave been found to be desirable and advantageous, it is nevertheless to be understood that such proportions may vary rather widely, whereas, for certain special purposes radically different proportions may be found desirable. Further in special cases it has been found possible and also desirableto reduce the quantity of the asphalt practically or even actually to the point of elimination thereof, whereas for other purpo es it has also been found desirable similarly to decrease the stearine pitch content.

Thus a compound may be produced by mixing together, at approximately 47 5 F., 800 parts of asphalt and approximately 82 parts of castor oil, the mixture being permitted to cool to about 200 F., and about 320 parts of benzol being thereafter added with stirring. Approximately 286 parts of the last desciibed-compound, taken as a binder, to-

arts of sulphur, 22 parts proportion of the solidifia 10 oil or t e like may be varied between relatively wide limits.

Thus an-advantageous compound characterized by'high plasticity, superior molding properties and relatively low and uniform shrinkage during induration may be produced b treating, in the manner described in the rst of the foregoing examples, approximately 50 parts each of stearine pitch and asphalt, together with approximately parts of castor oil and a suitable quantity of benzol or the like and having 1nc0rporated substantially the proportions of filler material and sulphur mentioned in the previous examples.

Such compound is well adapted to form giving treatment and strong heat induration. It is of course to be understood that the proportions of the various ingredients stated in each of the foregoing examples are capable of considerable variation to adaptthe product tov special conditions and uses.

It is also to be understood that the terms stearine pitch, asphalt and others employed herein are intended to designate the substances obtainable commercially.

What Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Composition material adapted 'to the plastic art, comprising, approximately, .40 parts of stearine pitch, 60 parts of asphalt, 10 parts of castor oil and parts of 'benzol, said material being capable of treatment under influence of heat without involving precipitation of a deleterious quantity of free carbon.

2. A hard and substantially infusible and insoluble substance which is the heat induration residuum of material comprising a -.binder formed of approximately 40 parts of stearine pitch, 60 parts of asphalt, 10 parts of castor oil and 25 to 100 parts of benzol, 286 parts of said binder being mixed with about 1100 parts of asbestos, 66 parts of sulphur, and 22 parts of iron oxide, said binder being capable of treatment under in fluence of heat without involving precipitation of a deleterious bon.

3. The process, of producing composition material adapted to the plastic art, which comprises melting and mixing together about quantity of free car 40 parts of stearine pitch and 60 parts of asphalt, cooling the mixture and adding thereto a solidifiable oil, further cooling the mixture and adding thereto a volatile sol-' comprises melting and mixing together about 40 parts of stearine pitch and parts of asphalt, cooling the mixture and adding thereto 10 parts of a solidifiable oil, further cooling the mixture and adding thereto at lease 25 parts of a volatile solvent, said mixture being capable of such. treatment without involving precipitation of a deleterious quantity of free carbon, incorporating with about 286 parts of the mixture about 1100 parts of an inert filler material, and incorporating about 66 parts of an agent adapted under influence of heat to promote induration of the product.

5. The process which comprises mixing together under conditions of temperature control about 40 parts of stearine pitch, 60 parts of asphalt, and 10 parts of a solidifiableoil, said mixture being capable of such treatment without involving precipitation of a deleterious quantity of ree carbon, in corporating with about 286 parts of the mixture about 1100 parts of a relatively inert filler, introducing about 66 parts of sulphur and at least 25 parts of a volatile solvent, subjecting the product toa cold molding operation, andindurating the formed articles by strong heat treatment.

In wltness whereof, I have hereunto sub:

scribed my name.

CLETUS F. CHOSA.