US1665675A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

April 10, 1928. 1,665,675

4 A. E. PAIGE PUMP Fild March 24. 1926 3 Sheets- $116M 1 L l. I/L

AIGE PUMP Filed March 24. 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 2 April 10, 1928. 1,665,675

A. E. PAIGE PUMP Filed March 24- 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Application filed March 24, 1926. Serial No. 96,935.

extrusion of colloids, such as the thiocar bonate of cellulose known as viscose, through a spinneret orifice, into a coagulating me-- dium such as an aqueous solution containing sulphuric or hydrochloric acid.

The conditions under which such pumping must be eiiected impose difliculties which are not experienced in pumping any other material. For instance,.first, viscose is an unstable compound which is not only normally extremely viscous, buttends to increase in viscosity and quickly coagulates to an approximately solid consistency if heated by the pumping operation. Second, although primarily rendered of uniform consistency, viscose not only then has an abrading action upon any surface over which it is forced, but rapidly precipitates what are termed viscoids, which appear'in the normal viscose as particles of not only greater viscosity, but having greater abrasive effect upon the surfaces traversed. Third, the size of the filament is detern'iined by the rate at which the viscose is forced through the spinneret. Fourth, the desired uniformity in diameter' of the filament is only attainable by continuous maintenance of a predetermined rate of discharge; any fluctuation in such rate being manifested by corresponding dili'erences in the diameter of the filament throughout its length, rendering the latter commercially undesirable. Fifth, the volume of viscose to be delivered to such a spinneret per unit of time is so extremely small that even slight irregularities in the delivering til capacity of the pump are in fact high per centages of the total volume. For instance, the largest filament for which there is a. present demand is what is termed an artificial horsehair of 450 denier,-uscd for forming millinery braids and similar fabrics, and to form such a filament a spinneret must be supplied with viscose at a uniform rate of not more than thirteen and one-half cubic centimeters per minute. Sixth, the rate of discharge of viscose through the spinneret must be susceptible of accurate adjustment and, variation to produce filaments of differcnt sizes. Heretofore, such adjustment has been effected by operating the pumps at respectively different rates of speed; necessitating changes in the gearing connections for actuating the pumps for each change in the desired eflective capacity.

Various attempts were made to supply such a spinneret by means of pumps of the reciprocatory plunger type. Even when made of hardened steel with extreme accuracy, such pumps only operate properly for a brief time, as the plunger-s and their casings become abraded, with consequent loss of capacity and irregularity in delivery. Therefore, recently, attempts were made to use pumps of the type including a pair of intermeshed gears, which carrythe viscose in the spaces between their teeth. However, even when made of hardened steel; such pumps quickly deteriorate from abrasion at the side surfaces of the gears in the pump chamber, with consequent loss of capacity and irregularity of delivery. Moreover, even slight wear upon the pistons of pumps of the first type and the gears of pumps of the second type aforesaid are.manifested by weal; spots in the filaments formed by the occlusion in the filament of bubbles of air which is drawn into the viscose through the leaks in the pumps.

Moreover, in order to vary.the quantity of viscose delivered by such pumps, in accordance with the diameter of the filament to be extruded, it is necessary to provide in the volumetric capacity of a pump cham her, without sliding movement of any part thereof; such changes being efi'ected by flexing a diaphragm which is a wall of said chamber. In the form of my invention hereinafter described, such flexure is efiected by a cam on a rotary shaft which also positively operates valves controlling an inlet port and an outlet port of said chamber; so that as the capacity of said chamber is increased by outward flexure of its Wall aforesaid, viscose cose supply main which is common to a plutending transverse-1y thereto and in 'commu-- wall is reflexed, a charge of viscose is forced .from said chamber toward the spinneret;

Moreover, the effective capacity of the pump is variable, either by varying the stroke of said diaphragm, or by manipulation of a valve.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement hereinafter more definitely specified.

In said drawings; Fig. I is an end elevation of a pump and its connections with a -viscose supply pipe and driving gearing.

Fig. II is a longitudinal vertical sectional view, Fig.,III is a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on the line III, III in Fig.'II. Fig. IV is a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on the line IV, IV in Fig. II. Fig. Vis a transverse sectional view, taken on the line V, V in Fig. II. Fig. VI is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a modified form of my invention, in connection with a viscose supply pipe and driving gearing. Fig. VII 1s a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on the line VII, VII in- Fig. VI. Figs. VIII and IX are fragmen tary sectional views of the valve casing showing respectively different forms of valves and ports.

In Figures I to V inclusive; 1 is the vis rality of pumps, of. which but one is shown, and which is arranged to independently supply them with viscose through respective supply ports 2 which are, conveniently, drilled holes in the wall of said conduit.' The pump casing 4 has an arched base 5 fitted over said conduit 1 andis arranged to be rigidly connected therewith by the clamp plate 6 which is secured by the bolts 7 and nuts 8, which bolts extend through the flanges 9 on said casing 4 and through the flanges 10 on said clamp plate 6. Said casing 4 has the inlet 11 adapted to register with said supply port 2 and maintained in liquid tight relation therewith by the annular gasket 12 whichlis conveniently formed of rubber interposed between said conduit 1 and said casing 4 and fitted in the seat 14 in the latter. Said-inlet 11 is conveniently formed as a drilled hole extending into the pump chamber .15 in said casing 4, which has the outlet port '16 also conveniently formed as a drilled hole extending through said casing 4 to the closure seat 18 in which is detachably fitted the closure 19 which is conveniently formed of soft rubber, which is compressed upon said conduit 1, like .the gasket 12, to normally close said outlet port at that end. However, said port 16 has the branch 20 ex-= nication with the conduit 21 leading to the spinneret 22, and arranged to be controlled.

sisting of the pair of jam nuts 50 engaging by the screw needle valve 23 taken on the line '11, II in Fig. 1.

Said pump chamber 15 has thev flexiblewall 24 conveniently formed of acircular diaphragm of thin sheet metal, for instance, spring tempered, steel, which is fitted against the annularsoft rubber gasket 25 in the annular seat 26 in said casing 4 in which it is secured by the retaining ring 27 which has a circumferential screw thread 28 in engagement with the corresponding thread in said casing 4. Said diaphragm 24is arranged to be flexed by the rotary cam 30 which is a cylindrical body rigidly connected in eccentric relation with the rotary shaft 31, conveniently by the tapered pin 32. Said eccentric is preferably provided with the annular shoe 34 in coaxial relation therewith,

and anti-friction rollers 35 interposed between said cam and shoe; so that the latter may remain stationary in its contact .with said diaphragm 24, while said cam rotates; although said shoe is capable ofrotation. Such arrangement minimizes the wear upon said diaphragm. The oscillating effect of said cam upon said diaphragm may be varied by longitudinaladjustment of the wedge 37 which is interposed between said diaphragm 24 and said shoe 34 and secured in adjusted position by the screw 38 which extends through the slot 39 in said wedge, into engagement with said casing 4.

It is to be understood that with said wedge in a given position of adjustment, the oscillatory effect of said cam 30 upon said diaphragm 24 remains constant and, of course,

such wedge adjustment may be omitted and the cam be arranged to bear upon said diaphragm 24 directly or through the medium of said shoe 34.

In either case; when said diaphragm 24 is in its normal plane position, indicated in Fig. II, the volumetric capacity of said pum chamber 15 is at its maximum, but isreducedto the extent that said diaphragm is flexed inwardlyby the oscillatory action of said cam. To render such oscillatory movement of the diaphragm 24 effective to intake and expel liquid with respect to said pump chamber 15; I provide said inlet port 11 and said outlet port 16, leading to and from said pump chamber 15, with respective rotary valves 41 and 42 which are conveniently formed alike. as conical frustrums,-

veniently by splines 46, so as to be positively rotated by said shaft. However, said valve 41is rigidly connected with said shaft 31,,by the setscrew 47 whereas, said valve 42 is free to slide axially upon said shaft 31 but is pressed into its seat by the spring 48 which encircles said shaft 31 and is detachably secured thereon by a removable abutment on said shaft 31, conveniently consaid valve 41 into its seat, by axial t st on said shaft 31 to the right in Fig. II.

Sa1d valves 41 and 42are provided with respective ports 52 and 53 which are grooves cut sectorally in the respective circumferences thereof, as shown respectively in Figs; IV and V. Although said valves 41 and 42 are alike, they are set upon said shaft 31 so that when the port 52 in the valve 41 establishes communication between said suppl pipe 1 and said pump chamber 15, as indicated in Fig. IV; said valve 42 closes said port 16 as indicated in Fig. V, and vice versa. Said cam is so set upon said shaft 31, in relation to said valves 41 and 42, that when said inlet port 11 is opened by said valve 41, and said outlet port 16 closed by said valve 42, said diaphragm 24 is permitted to assume its outermost position to suck viscose into said chamber-15, and, when said inlet port 11 is closed by said valve 41 and said outlet port 16 is vopened by said valve 42, said diaphragm 24 is flexed to eject the viscose from said chamber toward the spinneret 22.

I find it convenient .to arrange the structure aforesaid so that the displacement of viscose in said pump chamber 15, effected by the oscillation of said, diaphragm 24, may be of constant volume, but the effective displacement of viscose from said chamber to.

said spinneret may be minutely and accurately adjustably varied; by providing said casing 4 with the bypass port 55 which is,

conveniently formed by two drilled'holes extending in transverse relation in said casing 4; said bypa'ss port being in communication with said conduit 1 through the portion of said inlet port between said conduit, 1 and the valve seat 43, as shown in Fig. IVand extending into said chamber 15, aside from said seat.- Said bypass 55 is providedwith the valve 58, which is conveniently of the 'needlescrew type; whereby the effective area of said bypass port 55 maybe adjustably varied from zero to its maximum; with the effect of correspondingly varying the discharge of viscose from the pump toward the spinneret. c 7

Of course, variation in the volume of liquid delivered by the pump with a given stroke of the diaphragm 24 may be effected by rotary adjustment of the valve 41 on the shaft 31; so that the inlet port is left open, more or less, during the compression stroke of said diaphragm. Therefore, the volume of liquid delivered bysaid pump at each stroke of said diaphragm 24 maybe varied either by changing the effect of the cam 30 upon'said diaphragm, by adjustment of said wedge 37 or by adjustment of the inlet valve 41, or byadjustment of the bypass valve 58.

I find it convenient to rotate saidshaft 31 lever arm 65 which is hung upon said shaft- 31 by its hub 66 and has the arcuate slot 68 in concentric relation with said shaft 31 to receive the set screw 69 which extends through saidslot into engagement with said casing 4, Said arm 65 is normally rigidly secured, in the position indicated in Fig. I,-

with said gear 63 in mesh with the driving gear 71 on the driving shaft 7 2 which may be provided with a series of similar gears 71.

for engagement with a series of pumps con-.

structed and arranged as above described. However, it is to be understood that by loosening said screw 69, said rock arm 65 may be turned from its normal position to withdraw the intermediate gear 63 from the driving gear 71 with which it is norn'ially connected, so that any-pump in the-series may be thus instantly rendered idle.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. VI and VII; the pump casing 73, which is otherwise constructed and arranged like said pump casing 4, has the pump chamber 15 provided with the hnnular seat 74 for the diaphragm 24 recessed ,in the outer wall thereof, and the cam 30 is arranged to flex said diaphragm by means of the'yoke 76 which encircles said cam and diaphragm and is preferably provided with the renewable shoe 77 for wearing contact with said cam, and has the set screw 79 which is axially adjustable toward and away from said diaphragm and provided with the jamv nut 80 bywhich it may be secured in'adjusted position. Said diaphragm is preferably provided with the cup 81 to receive the end of said screw 79, and the latter may be adjusted to vary the effect of said cam 30 upon said i diaphragm 24 and thus vary the'rate of discharge of viscose from said pump chamber.

The pins 83 and 84 carried by the shaft 31 in Fig- VI in engagement with notches 85 and 86 in the respective rotary valves 41 and 42, may be substituted for the splines 46 as means for positively rotating said valves while maintaining them in the proper relative rotary position. Both of said valves 41 and 42 may be free to slide axially upon said shaft 31, to and from engagement with said pins, but are pressed into their seats by the spring 48 which encircles said shaft 31 and is detachably secured thereon by the nuts 50. However, said spring may be omit:

ted and said valves be directly and -posi-.

tively pressed into their seats by adjustment of said nuts.

Of course, such intermediate gears 63 and their supporting levers may be omitted, and the pump gears 60 directly connected with the driving gears 71; in which case, any pump may be rendered idle by loosening the nuts 8 011 the bolts 7 and slightly turning the pump casing4 upon the supply conduit 1. In either case, the individual pumps may be adjusted or repaired without interference with the operation of any other pump in the series to which said conduit 1 and driving shaft 72 are common.

All of the metal parts which come in contact with the viscose are preferably made of ferric metal. However, the valve plugs may be of softer metal than their casing, or be formed of bakelite or similar non-corrosive material, so that the wear is concentrated upon them and they may be cheaply replaced.-

Fig. VlII shows a form of valve and cooperative ports arranged to open and close once per revolution, whereas, Fig. IX shows 'a form of valve and ports ar 'anged to open and close twice-per revolution. The cam 30 would have two crests to' operate the diaphragm 24 in conjunction with such valves as shown in Fi IV, but said cam would have but one crest, and may be merely an eccentric cylinder, to cooperate with valves such as shown in Fi VIII.

Therefore, I do not desire. to limit myself to the details of construction and arrangement herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein, without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined inthe appended claims.

I claim: 1. In a pump; the combination with; a casing having an inlet port and means arranged to connect a conduit therewith; said inlet port extending from said conduit into a pump'chamber in said 'casing; an outlet port from said chamber extending'through said casing; .a flexiblemetallic diaphragm I fitted in said casing as a wall of said pumap chamber; rotary valves titted -1n corrcspon ing seats in said casing, which are 1n coaxlal relation and respectively local .to said inlet;

port and outlet port; each of said valves hav .ing a port; a shaft extending through said valves and operatively connected.t herewithto turn them; means connecting said valves in predetermined relative rotary positlon upon said shaft; means arranged to press said valves toward their seats in compens'ation for wear; and a cam on said shaftin co-operative relation. with said diaphragm,

arranged to flex said diaphragm inwardly to reduce the volumetric capacity ofsaid pump chamber when said inlet valve is closed and said outlet valve opened and vice versa; means arranged to rotate said shaft; a by-.

'pass arranged to establish communication between said conduit and said pump chamber; independently of said mletvalve; and' means arranged to vary theefiectlve area of mamas chamber; rotary valves titted in corresponding seats in said casing, which are in coaxialrelation and respectively local to sa1d 1nlet port and outlet port; each of sa d Valves having a port; a shaft extendingv through said valves and operatively connected therewith to turn them; means connectmgfisaid valves in predetermined relative rotary po-' sition upon said shaft; means arranged to press said valves toward their seats in compensation for wear; and a cam on said shaft in co-operating relation with said diaphraguuarrangcd to flex said diaphragm in,-'

wardly to reduce the volumetric capacity of said-pump chamber when said inlet valve is closed and said outlet valve opened and vice versz; and means arranged to rotate said shaft. a

3. In a pump the combination with a casing inclosing a pump chamber, and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of means arranged to open and ClOSB'Silld ports in-alternation, including rotary conical plug valves fitted, in axial alinement, in complementary seats in said casing respectively local to said ports; ashaft connecting said valves in predetermined relative circumferential positions; means tending to relatively axially shift said valves, to compensate for wear between the valves and their seats,l

including a .spring encircling said shaft and an abutment on said shaft for said. spring; and'means arranged'to alternately.

increase and diminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber, in definite relation witli'the operationof said valves, including a wall in said chamber which is secured m1 substantially stationary relation with said casing at its perimeter. and flexible interme diate of its area; and means arranged to flex said wall, including .a cam. carried by said shaft between said valves;- and-means arranged to rotate said shaft.

4. In" a pump; the combi tion with a casing inclosing a pump .chambefl-and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of

-means arranged to open andclose said ports 'in alternation. ncludnag rotary valves fitted,

in"axial alinement, 'in'seats in said-c%ing respectively local to sald ports; a rotary shaft connecting said valves l'n-predeterto alternately increase and diminish the relation with the operation of saidvalves,

volumetric capacity of said chamber in delinite relation with the operation of said valves, including a flexible wall in said chamber, substantially stationary at its perimeter; and means arranged to flex said wall, including a cam carried by said shaft 'and means arranged to rotate said shaft.

5. In a pump; the combination with a cas-' inginclosing a pump chamber, fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of valves arranged to open and close said ports in alternation; a rotary shaft. arranged to operate said valves; and means arranged to alternately increase and diminish the ,volumetric capacity of said chamber in definite including a flexible wall in said chamber; and means arranged to flex said wall, including-a cam carried by said shaft; and means arranged to rotate said shaft, including a gear on said shaft, a driving gear in spaced relation with said first gear, and an inter mediate gear between said other gears; said intermediate gear being adjust-ably movable to alternately connect and disconnect said driving gear with said pump.

6. In a pump; the combination with a easing inclosing a pump chamber, and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port; of valves arranged to open and close said ports in alternation; a shaft arranged to operate said valves; and means arranged to alternately increase anddiminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber in definite relation with the operationof said valves, including a flexible wall in said chamber; means arranged to flex said wall, by rotation of,

said shaft; and means arranged to rotate said shaft, including a gear on said shaft, an intermediate gear continually in mesh with said shaft gear, and means whereby said intermediate gear may be shifted, in-its plane. to alternately engage and dis engage a driving gearf 5 i 7. In a pump the combination with a casing inclosing a pump chamber, and having a fluid inlet port and fluid outlet-port; of valves arranged to openand close said ports in alternation; means arranged to positively operate said valves; and means arranged to alternately increase and diminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber in definite relation with the operation of said valves, includinga flexible wall in said chamber, and means arranged'to flex said wall,.includ1ng a train of gearing, movable to alternately render said pump operative and inoperative.

8. In a viscose pump, the combination and having a with a pump casing having a base with a pump chamber recessed in one side thereof and a conduit at the ;opposite side thereof; of means securing said,ci sing to said conduit; said casing having an inlet port extending from said conduit into a pump .chamber in said casing and an outlet. port shaft between said valves; a yoke between said cam and diaphragm, having means adustable toward and away from said diaphragm, and arranged 'to flex .said diaphragm inwardly to reduce the volumetric capacity of said pump chamber when said inlet valve is closed and said outlet valve opened, and vice versa; and means arranged to rotate said shaft; whereby rotation of said cam and inlet and outlet valves causes pulsatory displacement of the liquid in said pump chamber at a rate which-is constant but variable by adjustment of said yoke.

9.'In a viscose pump, the combination with a pump casing having a base with a pump chamber recessed in one side thereof.

and aconduit at the opposite side thereof; of means securing said casing to said conduit; said casinghaving an inlet port extending from said conduit into a pump chamber in said casing and an outlet port from said chamber; a flexible diaphragm fitted as a Wall of said pump chamber; means securing the margin of said diaphragm in liquid tight relation with said casing; rotary valves fitted in corresponding seats in said casing, which are incoaxial relation'and respectively local to said inlet port and outlet port; a shaft extending through said valve plugs andoperatively connected therewith to turn them; means on said shaft, arranged to press said valves towardtheir seats, in compensation for Wear casing inclosing a pump chamber and having two oppositely inclined axially alined conical valve seats and fluid inlet ports upon opposite sides of one Valve seat and fluid out-let ports upon opposite sides of the other valve seat; of conical valves arranged to open and close said ports in alteration; means arranged to positively operate said valves, in-

cluding a shaft common to both of them 10 upon which said valves are relatively axially meagre adjustable; and means arranged to alternately increase anddiminish the volumetric capacity of said chamber in definite relation

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