US1648069A - Oil-burning system - Google Patents

Description

Nam 8 1927.

r w. E. SHORE OIL BURNING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 17, 1925 I l mu ipatente Nov. 1927..

1hr 1E.

WILLIAM E. SHORE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL-BURNING SYSTEM.

The principal objects of the invention are to effect the burning of oil fuel with safety and economy and to devise a system by which heavy asphaltum oils may be burned without being preheated to a high temperature or fed at a high pressure, thereby eliminating the hazards of fire and explosion.

The principal features of the invention consist in retaining the liquid oil belowv the burner and at a low temperature and pressure and vaporizing the oil and delivering it directly into the furnace through a conduit heated by radiation from the furnace and maintained at a temperature which will obviate coking of the fuel by the constant circulation of a fluid heat distributing medium therearound.

1n the drawings Figure 1 is a sectional diagram of an equipment for carrying this system into effect.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary detail illustrating the bye-pass controlling means.

In the apparatus herein shown the conduit for directing the vaporized fuel into the furnace consists of a double walled tube 1 having a bell shaped mouth 2 which is projected into the furnace.

Annular chambers 3, 4 and 5 are formed in the bell end of the conduit by the annular partitions 6, 7 and 8. These partitions are formed with staggered openings which cause the fluid heat conducting medium to flow around the chambers and the velocity of flow in the outer chamber 3 is the greatest where the heat conduction is the maximum.

A hollow member 9 connected with the tube 1 is formed ith an enlarged chamber 10 having a recess (1 and sloping bottom 11. A valve 12 is ho used in the chamber 10 and is adapted to close the entrance to the tube 1.

A rotary atomizing device 13 is connected to the member 9 and is formed with a hollow jacket 14 connected at the top with the jacket of the member 9. The jacket 14 surrounds the outer walls of the cylinder 15 of the atomizing device and the exhaust chamber 16 opens into the chamber 10 of the member 9.

A condensation chamber 17 is formed'in the base of the atomizer and the sloping bottom 11 of the member 9 leads thereinto so that any particles of oil not vaporized will fall into the chamber 17 from which they are conducted by a pipe 18 to a suitable oil trap 19 which is connected to a vacuum tank 20.

A pump 21, here shown in the form of a small gear pump is connected to the bottom of the jacket 14 of the rotary atomizer and the discharge of this pump is connected by a pipe 22 to the chamber 3 of the tube 1.

A suitable fluid medium which will carry a temperature of from 400 to 500 F., such as a high grade non-carbonizing lubricating oil, is placed in the system and is maintained in constant circulation by the operation of the pump 21. heat radiated from the flame produced in the mouth of the conduit and being circulated back from the hottest zone. it dispenses its heat to the entire length of the conduit 1 and the atomizing device.

An expansion tank 23 is connected with i the jacket 14 of the atomizer to provide for the expansion of the circulating medium and any vapours which may arise from the circulating fluid are carried by a pipe 24 to the intake chamber 25 of the atomizer. I

The fuel oil is contained in a suitable tank 26 arranged below the apparatus described and a feed pipe 27 leads upwardly therefrom to the vacuum tank 20. The tank 20 is connected by a pipe 28 to themixing valve 29 which may be of any suitable design to regulate the amount of fuel oil and air required and the mixture produced therein is conducted to the atomizing device by a pipe 30. The suction of the atomizing device serves to elevate the oil from the fuel tank and carrv it to the intake.

The construction of the rotor is not essential to this invention but its operation is effective to first expand the air and oil drawn into the device and from the point of maximumexpansion to discharge the expanded air and oil against the atmospheric pressure or pressure of the fire, thus raising the pressure from absolute, compressing it and raising its temperature.

The result of this action under the heat of the circulating heat distributing medium through the jacket 14 is to produce a very finely atomized oil in the form of vapour which is discharged through the heated tube 1 at the mouth of which it is ignited.

It may be found that the heat absorbed by the circulating medium is excessive and the excess heat may be absorbed by byepassing the fluid medium through a loop 31 carried through a return or feed water heater.

A loop 34 is provided in the pipe 22 lead- This fluid medium absorbs ing into the fuel oil tank so that if the oil is too heavy its temperature may be raised sufficiently to enable it to flow freely but the loop will not be of sufiicient amplitude to create a pressure temperature.

The various loops described will of course be controlled by suitable valves which may be automatically or manually controlled.

The rotary atomizer is provided with a bye-pass 35 connecting the discharge and intake chambers and this bye-pass is controlled by a suitable manually actuated control valve 35, shown in Figure 2. A pipe 36 connects the discharge chamber of the atomizer with the mixing valve 29 and this pipe is controlled by a valve 37 to return a portion of the combustible vapor to the intake.

In the operation of this system, the rotary atomizer is operated by any suitable means and when the burner is to be started the byepass 35 is opened and the valve 12 is closed so that there will be no discharge from the burner nozzle. The atomized oil will then be continually circulated through the atomizer passing through the by-pass from the discharge to the intake until under the continued expansion and compression it will rise in temperature and become sufiiciently volatile to burn upon being released. The throttle 12 is then opened and the vapour projected from the bell end of the burner is ignited.

The heat of the flame heats the oil in the circulating chambers and as this oil is being continuously circulated by the operation of the pump 21 the whole system very soon becomes heated but the absorption of heat in the atomizer and in the cylindrical portion of the burner is such that a large proportion of the heat absorbed at the combustion end is given up to the atomized oil flowing through the burner thereby producing a hi hly volatile vapor.

he suction of the intake of the rotary atomizer draws the fuel oil from the main supply tank 26 to the vacuum tank 17 and from the vacuum tank to the distributing valve. This valve may be adjusted to regulate the supply of oil and air in order to produce the most desirable condition for the ame required.

In the use of a closedheat distributing circuit such as herein described the temperature of the oil may be raised to four or five hundred degrees Fahrenheit without danger of forming vapor pressures or without carbonization and it will be readily understood that with such a heat maintained around the atomizer and the burner nozzle the highest condition of volatility in the oil va or will .beproduced to render it effective for urning and the result is instantaneous and complete combustion.

The fuel oil is retained in its container below the level of the burner and there can be no flooding as-it is only elevated in such quantity as is required to feed the flame and is atomized and immediately discharged and is therefore not retained at any time in a volatile condition. Under these circumstances flooding is absolutely impossible, leakage in the fuel oil pipes cannot result in danger, there are no pressures to disrupt faulty installation and an extremely safe and economic system is produced.

In starting a system into operation it may be found necessary to apply heat to the fuel oil supply in the vacuum tank to reduce its viscosity and I have shown an electric heater which may be of any suitable form, introduced into the vacuum tank. I

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a system for burning oil, a rotary atomizer receiving and atomizing fuel oil therewithin and having a hollow jacket therearound, a burner conduit connected with the discharge of said atomizer and having a hollow jacket connected with the jacket of the atomizer, a pipe connecting the atomizer jacket with the nozzle end of the burner jacket, a non-carbonizing fluid heat distributor of low volatility arranged in said. hollow jackets and pipes, and a pump interposed in said pipe receiving said fluid from the atomizer jacket and returning it through said pipe to the nozzle end of the burner continuously during the operation of the burner.

2. In a system for burning oil, a rotary atomizer receiving and atomizing oil therewithin and having a hollow jacket, a burner conduit connected with the discharge of said atomizer and having a hollow jacket connected with the jacket of the atomizer, said burner jacket being divided from the combustion end rearwardly in its length to form a series of inter-communicating circumferential chambers, a conduit connecting the atomizer jacket with the outermost chamber at the combustion end of the burner conduit, a non-carbonizing low volatile fluid heat distributor filling said jackets and conduit, means for forcing the fluid heat distributor from the atomizer jacket through the connecting conduit to the combustion end of the burner, and ineans for delivering fuel oil to the atomizer.

3. In a system for burning oil, a jacketed tubular burner, an atomizer directing atomized oil into said burner, means for circulating a fluid of low volatile properties in a closed cycle around the burner and atomizer. a container adapted to contain heavy fuel oil of high viscosity, means for conducting said heat distributing medium to transfer its heat to said fuel supply, and means for effecting the delivery of, the heated fuel to the atomizer.

4. In a system for burning oil, a jacketed tubular burner, an atomizer receiving and the jackets of said atomizer and tubular eas es burner, and a vent tube leading from the top a of the expansion chamber to the intake of said atomizer.

5. In an oil burning system, a Vaporizer, a burner tube conducting oil in vaporized form from said vaporizer, and'means for eflecting the circulation of a fluid heat transfer medium of W volatility in a closed cycle around said burner tube from the discharge end rearwardly minimizing the heat at the discharge end of said tube by absorption and maintaining the rearward portion thereoi at a relatively high operating temperature by the application thereto of the absorbed heat. I

6.. in an oil burning system, a vaporizer, a burner tube conducting the vaporized oil from said vaporizer, and means for efiecting the circulation of a fluid heat absorbing 1 medium of low volatility in a closed cycle around said burner tube and throughout its length from the discharge end rearwardly toward said vaporizer minimizingthe heat at the discharge end and distributing it rearwardly throughout the length of said burner tube to effect its application to the rearward portions of the burner tube to raise its temperature and heat the vaporized oil flowing therethrough.

7. In a system for burning oil the combination of a rotating atomizer having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber, a burner conduit connected with said discharge chamber, a by-pass connecting the suction chamber with the discharge chamber, manually actuated means for controll ng said bypass, and means independent of said by-pass controlling means arranged at the outlet of the discharge chamber for closing the discharge chamber to effect a backing up of the discharge pressure and the return of the atomized fluid from the discharge back through said Toy-pass to the suction chamber to produce a heat generating cycle to efiect the raising of the temperature of the atomized fluid to approximately a flash temperature.

WHJL it E, SURE.

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