US1529812A - Engine cylinder - Google Patents

Description

March 17, 1925. 1,529,812

' G. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug. 16, 1923 ll Sheets-Sheet 1 5? 1 4 an 3); 1i

520 I MW' CWZJiliiiL/ Mmmb 17, 1925.

c. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1925 .11 Sheets-sheaf 2f March 17, 1925.

C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1925 11 Sheets-Sht 3 March 17; I925. 1,529,812

1 c. REINEKF ENGINE- CYLINDER Filed Aug. 16, was 11 Sheets-ShaoQ 4 CI. REHNEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Shem c. REINEKE ENGINE cYLmpBR Filed Aug, 16, 1923 11 Sheets-shay); &'

GMZaaf? ed ma March 11, 925 szsw C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug.16, 3,923 1 Sheets-5heet 7 March 17, 1925. 1.529512 c. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER I Filed Aug 16 1925 ll Sheets-Shani 8 March 11,1925;

C. REINEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug 1 5, 1933 11 Sheets-Shi f,

i iihamia i? 3925.

1,529,812 Q. REXNEKE ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Aug, 16, 1923 11 Sheet-Sho' 1i Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

UNITED STAg CHARLES REINEKE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE REIITEEE MOTGR C613? PORA'IION, 0' NEW YORK, N. Y.,

ime

rte

A CORZPDE-ATION OF DELAWAREV ENGINE CYLINDER.

Application filed August 16, 1923. Serial N0. 657,7E 8. I

To all tc/zum it may concern:

Be itknown that I. Ginnucs liElNElili, a citizen of the United States. residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine Cylinders; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full. clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in cylinders for internal cmnbustion engines, and more particularly to cylinders of the jacketed type.

Before dcscrilfing the details of construction, it desirable to review the conditions under. which work is accomplished in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine of any\ ty 'ic. Whether it the cylinder of an explosive or expansive ei'igine, the two main tactors'to contend, with are the heat and the strength of the material employed. each. o'fi course. in its own class. according to the filtlftllltl compression used.

The 0t cylindersv constructed in known manners. is limited on account of the licatqas they have to .be very thick to withstaml the high pressure in larger cylinders. Consequently the cold water has a vcry slow etl'cct on the internal heat.

Furthermore. to obtain a satisfactory .wcaring surface for the piston, the inside of the cylinder is ususlly made ot cast iron.

The mixture ()1 the cast iron for the best wearing results is not always the most de- .-ira ;o for purposcs'o'i strcngth. and it is for this reason that l propose using the most suitable material. for wearing on the intcrior of the cylinder and thc most desirable material l l.)'1"'stt'tl\ itlt cxteriorly of said w aring! nmtcrial 'lhc primary object of thc invention is to construct a cylinder having a cast iron lin r of a high grade mi\turc for wearing purposes and to surround this lincr with a tube of high tensile strength. so that the lhi kmrs ol' the lillt'l and tho lllllt' is kept suilicic-ntly thin f r the cooling watcr to maintain lhc inlcrnal hcat within proper limits to facilitate lubricating. 'lo keep the drain o'. the cast iron liner and its sur rounding high iclis'llc strength tube well within its limts. I place an outer tube around the high tensile strength tube and arrange stays between the inner and outer sure on the cast iron liner and inner tube.

The outer tube which is spaced from the inner tube and therefore not affected by the internal heat, can be made of extra thickness, and may serve as a water jacket. To strengthen the outer tube, a number ofstay rings may be arranged exteriorly of the same and shrunk into place. 1

This is substantially thebro'ad idea of the present invention and it is to be borne in mined that the various elements are formed of tubes, the innermost; tube or liner viding an etiicieut wearing surface for the piston. and the outermost tubes strengthen ing the liner and taking the strain from the latter. To demonstrate the advantages of this type of cylinder construction for internal combustion engines, it must betaken into consideration that the tensile strength of rolled steel is about. seven times. greater than cast iron under ordinary circumstances. Furthermore a steel tube can be inspected throughout and no extra iactor otsafety has to be allowed, such as is the case with iron castings. Furthermore, there are no internal strains in the steel tube construction as there are in cylinder castings. so that such strains do not have to be considered with the construction provided by the present invention. The greatest advantage, however, is that the heat question can be more favorably handled. as the cylinder walls can be made much thinner, and one can tell exactly how thick each innio-rtant part is before assen'ihling. in contratlistinction to jacketed castings in which it is impossible to inspect the space between the cylinder proper and the jacket. This makes it possible to build a lighter and stronger engine. which tacilit-atcs the use of h gher compression and consequently a heavier tu'el oil. Moreover as the liner and inner tube may be made relatively thin. the spacing" Jctween the same and the outer tube will i'orm an etlicient. means for rapidly htating' thrwater used for cooling, an l therefore this water may be converted into steam and the s'icalli utilized to develop power.

As the application of this cylinder con struction' is as manifold as there are types ot' engines. at present, no concrete rule can be made for the details, but each type must accompanying; drawings, 3.116. [mm

be considered. sepa ing, however, drawn :1 cylinders should be 11sec? tubes for larger c hndmrs, insteafi. 01L ings for the cyiinder houssimg'. may be straight. and clamp the ends G1" the mm 5 my be itate connecting the same l roile tubes, tapared and electric weirling may as vmp number 01 different siays, sue v a nd cxt'ernai stay rings aw-(mew and fastenings may be mam? welded bo'iig, saiid nz' employed, ,and .w'ehied m' may be used i1 Meals 0:: Sid s der tubes far the pal-pm 0 the surfaces, or $0 fnrmi. valves,"$r igni'iinh appliances necessary in @033 SQQEYRSE ty 'ae. Therefore, I have in the drawing ShOWlk the uss m: many types eficylindemuf U3? tubes may be use with other gines, as the M0351 flea rasifies the siifi'erent materials and which tha cylinder imusizags a With fhfi foregoing {am saw 0170a?v with oiher objacts if Vifaf'; which pear as the description PIGCPQiiQ, Lion consists in the novel? features Ur after described in (ifiiiizii, ifillSi littii :2 vmiiix'fal and WE-HUGH 1111.19-

5 eaigzna tea the its npp a'r am? 3 {2&5 '1 This My m' ports Ma paw "M; 1 42 W03? liner is shown applied to an angina cv'iimi ims 0%. m sm'rmu n 'aip i 'tmsiic opposed plsmm E /pe at swimnggt In mike;-

Fig. 2 is a, homzwtai ecii'onni viw: m? the m {4' same takan (m. Ime- 2--2 1'; in?

F1. 3 1:; 2-1 slmflur mew taken an him Z-Ji Hui mmmr icngfm and is mnviflafi l n I A 3 and 1 m ham. it W15 View of a siightiy modified form csnnecm in w h def parhcuiarifl arm'pte rl for imm sa2 7 312 Fig, 8 i3 1.2, sectional View talk-211 n fin?- 8- 8 05- Fig 7; I

9 is & *vQrtica? sactianaf. View 0 niflhar msfiificatiur. 0f the fmmcyula type of is a transverse horizmitzal I 'v, cv iimeer imiiar in Hm Fig? i, but Win 5 mndii-Ewi i2 purpcaaa;

BEST manners cops? into the outer tube 9 from below, and when the tube 6 has been inserted the desired dis tance, a U-shaped ring 18 is driven into the space between the innerand outer tube from above and rivet/ed into position as shown.

. e into position. After this an upper angle ring 20 is inserted into the chamber 8 from below and this ringis riveted into position as shown. Then a lower angle ring 21 is It will lnobserved that a number oi rin rngaicd. llllit' ll will n'illisland great inserted and riveted into position. After. Wards a. channel-shaped ring 22 is inserted and riveted to the inner and outer tubes as Well as to a base ring 23, which may be used in securing the cylinder to a cranlc case or the like.

It may be seen from Fig. 2 that the horizontal portions of the rings 14 are provided with radially disposed recesses 24 for the purpose of permitting water to circulate througluthe chandler 8, and similar recesses are provided as shown at 25 in the lower rings 20 and 21. The recesses 24: in the upper horizontal portion of each ring let are 111 staggered relation relatively to the re-- cesses in the lower horizontal portion of said ring, so that. the studs 26 between the recesses arc in staggered arrangement. This arrangement permits the passage of water through the rings without weakening-the rcin tm'ciing ctlect of'lhe rings 14 at the point when: the rrr'csr-cs 2! are arrauu' d.

l-Elare provided in ordcr to tal-te cur of the pressure applied to the inner lube l3 and lransl'cr the strain caused by this pressure lo the outer tube 1*. 'liiu-rol'oro the tube (3 iuay lN made rclaliiwly thin.

'lhc ishapcd mm slruciiou of the ring 15 provides a ham er for the exhaust fjiblS which chamber is cooled on thre ides b) the watcr pass ng through lhe chamber 5'5. and the ualcr also acls lo cool tho ing through the tubes or pipes ll). l urlhcrmorc. as the rim: 1'5 extends entirely around lb lube il is not only helpful to the geni-ral expansi n of the ovlindcr, bul also a lofirs' brllrr openings lo boplaccd all around the liiu-r f r quick escape of the c7 baust cases, ,r

it may ln- 5c that llu' r-onslruction sol 'forlb bears some rc cinblanrc to a slcam boiler i-ouaru l on and il l lhc ouicr cor illlil, sure, and lnrlln-rinorc this tube .may be readily expanded and routractcd owing to its corrugated i-zlrnclurc. The reason for the corrugaled structure may be best mithan the inner tube.

550 to 1001); boat in the cvlindcn This causes the inner lube l; to become very hotcomparcd irilh lho outer tube 5) and consequently the inner lube will expand lengthwise to a grrcatcr cxlcul. than the outer tube. To eliminate lhis initial Sll'illlh the outer tube is corrugalcd so as to stretch easier As -thc cylinder conslruction in Figs. 1 (oil for an opposcd piston type of engine, the pressure.is'takeu from the piston direct. by'connect-ing rods to opposed points on the shaft. thus eliminatinr this longitudinal stress on the cylinder housing and therefore unai lectingthe corrugated tube, v

It will be understood that the liner 1 is inserted into position after-thctubcsli and ll" have been assembled. and it will also be understood that a port 27 in the tube 9 passes the charge of air to the intake ports l. The oil injection tube 2H i added to the c mstruction al'lcr the various parts have, been assembled and it functions to inject the oil into the space between lhc two opposed pistons. p 7

As before slated; the construction disclosed in Figs. lto 3 is preferred by me, and it discloses the broad idea of constructing internal combustionengine cylinders out'of. already manufactured tubes. By the'tcrm tubes I mean all kinds of manufactured tubes, solid drawn tubcs, welded tubes, and solid rolled tubes. These may range fronr inch cast'pipe to 80 inch rolled boiler furnace pipe, for strictly speaking, they are all tubes or pipes. 'lhcsc tubes are used as they have been manufactured and there isno necessity for inside or outside machining. In some cases I may use tubes cut in uniform lengths, and in other cases a flange maybe turned over at one or both onds'of the tube. In still other cases I press the round tubes flat or oval at ccrl ain points for various purposes. but in all. ULSl'w I employ already'nianul'm-lurcd tubes, and not sheet-iron tubes, rolled or compressed into difi'ercnt shapes and the scclions welded together.

I will now procced to describe briefly various UlllPl l'ypcs ol'.r-yliiulc1s for difi'erent l'orms ol engines. 7 s

in lhc embodiment of the invention illus' tralcil in Figs. 4 and the inner high lcnsilo strcnc'th iubu 6" and the outer high b nsihslri-no'lh luhc 5 are spaced apart at llicir cu ls by rings I30 and 3] so as to form a uaier sparr- 32 beluccn the tubes. In this cinistrucliou a number of stay rings 523 are placed in tho water space and bear on both tubes for the purpose of transmitting the pressure of the inner tube to. the outer tube. 'lhese rings are also reccssedss shown nl ll and the recesses of adjacent rings are ar; ranged out .of alignment to provide at.

iii;

escizxciou f nuatimi, :50 that the lingers 35 iwtwwn tinii!3 if f-9 are in staggered an izi13;1{*.11111f in m'ongiimn the: simicturei One of thew; si'uy rings is shown in Fig. 6; and it 11m) ima nsmi with (ill'iUH' ypes of cyiin (10.22%. :ihmvn i2: Fig. 4, Han casfi iron iin-au" i gi's'cibrziiwly LXi'ilii; iwinw the tubes 1; mu; 1.) .UNi into the ("yank (1569 36.

in iiw mu iimiinn shown in Figs I and 8 one ("mi win 33? :ipviiureii for ihe paisf'lgifi ufi imizs +8 nmi to 'fm'zai wzuier passages imul ii) of the sryiindQ-r. 'ilw My extend itin'ough 119 iu'wi :xmi iiw wzmaz" spa! Hi the cylinder, 2:: an; {ESL- JPN! in the hams -21. This base may 1m svcmr'd to {310 crank case by bolts or imiis invi' SCE'QWS P2, Tim-Sc iig'zms HiS-i) Show the weidm of [11:- mni ring! 3? zmii the base 4 to i'iic inner and Mair-1 tuba-s 3" and 9". The pines f Wviding are designated ii-3,

the -fmsiruvi'inn iiiusii'zzted in Fig 9 9116s 0f the inner tubs are flanged Gut "Wardiy as siwwn at -14? and -15" :116: first mew tionezi flange iwing iij ifililll'fli 46 to paymii; the 0001 water to irzzvei from the head of the cylinder into the water jaxiuet. The Amt-2r "tube iSfiiS-Q flanged in His case and its imve? if? sis; on the flange wiiiie its upper Finn 9 in alignment with the flange; m iiiis cmisi'i'uci'inn zaisa the in @Gifiii s: rin s 50 an? spot in 100 sitian as shown at 51, and in addition t0 these sizi'engiiiez'iing 521ml stay are snot ii ii iii 53 so the miter izubea. n (med rings rein-{m ca in iii ii'ibik i0 piace tile autism in inner rings outer iii-w am S31E18 in ggzere l 536 as'shmwia iii iii The hand :mg e rings *izu'iges 4i? and prm'iried wiitii a l-uCk'ii'Vfi (he imits ami. iiwse L nks haw mike iong tisrsmis so that the ioweic {201"- ,w.

ions if Hie 31mm may Miami inks the crank case, i winie their: UQYP'L was may N a r N wave iii? 11!:57554; umpmyed 11 win-mg die Emmi 5:0 time I 9 aigoiiiustmtes a d, minis mi: km ijmn in 363 nssmi wiiei e 1?, spmk ping. mi l'lljiC-iifli aive, in. due like,

' f5 1*: aperture in (he 0mm is 015 i933 (iizunvi ir than 31:2 min: :56 and mm as; a stisngiiwning *win'i where time iEFQl'fiHfQS ex we side 01 file cy'iindm'. The 3-; tube 56 is wimieii at in are {(WH'AQQ in the ma im cyiiiney zi mm in Lszmam 9 is aa'npioyeii in :Z-uycie engines thux it is desirable t0 have Hm exhaust opening exner m d miter tubes of the cylinder anti is. -weiiied m puma as shown at $0, the 012mm and of the mile abut-ting against the: in 3185. surface the outer tube .01. the syiinflex" by reason 01 the i'mi' timi; the aperiure in the outer "tube of the cyiindetc is (if iass size tim". iiie mater dimmer of the tubs 59. This Quiver end in" the tubs is weicieci t0 the outer tube of the cylinder as Shawn at. 61 ami POYLS (i2 arranged in the. cast ilUZl liner tn pmmiifi fiche passage (if R22 are inmst gasses to enter the tube 5! It Wiii'bza appreciated that the placing izhsa ex'nmisz igusaageway in izhe exhaust si denf the cylinis weakens the constructiim. at the paint Whai'e the exhaust passaga is heated, and m @iiminate this disadvantage 1 arranga studs hetwsen the inns? ami cuter tubes 0% ibhfi syiindea's and weid the outer ends in? tiiesa studs in place as Shawn at The maciificatien sham; in Figs. 12 t0 mehislve is quite sumia? in that disclosed in Figs. 1 t0 3 Wiilh cmtain Exceptions, some ibis enlargement Ema as. fixing-:2 Z1 resting 011 Picks '2'? are weideii is the upper and the outer tube 5% and these baits iwii the iinmai i in place. The, liner in this cnnsimction has rac'iiiii ribs iiha base pixie 7:2.

in which spam: i325: upper pmtiim (if the same from the upper pnrtion 9f the: tube 69. The exhaust ipes 12m shown m: 76 1115i it may be seen rem 13 that iilesa exhaust pipes commuizicat a with an anmiisuchamber 7? formei by tbs flange 6S the upper seciion 36 if iii-e inner tube am iuy flange 78 at the 115 upper and the inwer section 6'? of the hi. may: The Casi iwn finer forms the in" new wail. of this ammiaz. chamber and tile Gfii'fil iubai farms the outer wnii of said chamber. is vveiaieii at 80 fin fin: omxer izuba 69 am 21$; #31 in (die fianga TL 8551 fiasig'naieiastay rings in waiter: and 83 designatefi $321 rings fiurrmm-tiin Jim miter 3 ,132. 84: (iesigname the air imam pox-is and 85) the exhaust 1 pml'tsu A. screw threadezi sic-eve 86 is pm viie' to ieceive an oii inj'sction valve The iE-cycia motor boat engine shown in Figs 15, 1G and i2 aim of i1v constmction simiiar ta; $11M 'iizs't. described that is ii; in 13G A. jacket mice 7% of and shape 12% eludes a liner 87 of cast iron and an inner tube 88 and an outer tube 89 of high tensile strength'material such as steel. The inner and outer tubes have their upper ends contracted to form domes 90 and 91, the dome 9O having'a neck or tubular extension 92 extending through the dome 91 and welded to the same at 93. A tap 94 extends into this neck to receive a spark plug or the like. Di;

electrically opposite sides of the lower portions of the tubes 88 and 89 are flared outwardly as shown at 95 and 96, While diametrically opposite sides at right angles to the last mentioned sides are flattened as shown at 97 and 98 in Fig. 16. It will be noted that the flared portions 95 and 96 abut a ainst one another, to close one portion of tne lower end of the Water space 99 of the cylinder, while-the. flattened portions 97 and 98 of the tubes are spaced apart, and these spacesare closed by short narrow plates 100, that are welded in position. Bearings 101 and 102 are secured to the flattened portions 97 and )8 by means of bolts 103 and collars 101 surrounding these bolts for spacing purposes. In this form of engine the air is admitted at 105 into the crank case and travels through-the pipe 106 into the combustion chamber, from which the exhaust gases are discharged by an exhaust pipe 107. The

' liner 87 as shown in Fig. 15 has radial ribs 108 at its lower end and screws 109 engage these ribs for holding the liner in position.

in Figs. 18 to inclusive I have showi'i ny cylinder construction applied to an enlne having a plurality of cylinders, and in his case the outer high tensile strength ma- 'erial tube 110 forms the jacket for two cylinders, this jacket resting on a spacing memher 111, which has notches or recesses to receive the inner tubes 112 of high tensile strength material. It will be seen that the cyl: structure herein includes a single cut-er tube. two inner tubes 112 and two case l .x-; 11?. The headplate 1.1 1 rests ibes Y119 and 112 and closes the space een the same so that said space may form a water chamber. Rods 115 have conical en iargemcnts 116 intermediate their ends, which are countersunk in the head plate 114, and ti e rods extend through the water space of the cylinder structure and are pr0- vided at their lower ends with nuts 117. These rods also pass through stay plates 118, the bottom plate 111 and a base plate 119. The stay plates 118, as best shown in Fig. 21, surround both cylinders, that is each plate 118 accommodates two cylinders and is arranged between the inner tubes 112 of these cylinders and the outer tube 110. The plates 118 are apertured at 120 to permit the circulation of water through the cylinder structure.

It will be noted that the outer tube 110 flattened and cross bolts 121 connect these flattened sides and aid in taking up the plat s 123 and 124. These plates are a'per-- tured at various points to receive taps for spark plugs, oil injection valves'and the-like, and they are also aperturcd to accommodate intake and exhaust valves and 126, the specific construction of which forms no part of the present invention.

Resting on the upper plate 123 are. brackets 1:27 to support the valve actuating means. It will be noted that the rods 115 extend through the plates 124 and 123 and are provided at their upper ends with nuts 128. The head of the cylinder also forms a water chamber which communicates with the water chamber, of the cylinder structure by means of ports 129, shown in Fig. 18. By referring to the various section lines on Figs. 18 to 24 inclusive, the construction of this tvpe of engine may be readily understood.

From the foregoing it is believed that the construction and advantages of the invention may be readily understood, and it is apparent that changes may be made in the details disclosed withcutdeparting from the spirit of the invention as expressed'in the claims. v 7

What I claim and desire to-sccure by Lettors Patent is: i

1.. An cngine cylinder structure including inner; and outer tubes of a material having a tensile strength substantially equal to that of steel and capable of withstanding the pressure created by internal combustion,

means permanently securingsaid tubes to gether and spacing the same apart, and a tubular liner arranged in the inncr tube, bearing against the latter and having properties substantially the same as those of cast iron. v

2. An engine cylinder structure including spaced inner and outer tubes of high tensile strength metal, metallic spacing means arranged between the tubcs and capable of transferring strains from the inner tube to the outer tube, and .a 'cast metal liner tube arranged in and bearing against the inner tube.

3. An engine cylinder structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the inner tube is of less thickness than the outer tube.

4.14.11 engine structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the spacing means confer strains from tube.

5. An engine cylinder structure including spaced inner and outer tubes of high the inner tube to the outer l H ll ' 1:100 mam/1v m 11s arr g 213?; IKQE:SREEJQCZ ting connected t0 gable of trans? he mner tuba aim :tori nmg an e-zflaaustgas passageway its: the cy niier,

3. A ay iiner as 9. med in slain} 11 inchamnekshnpefi ring connectefi to u and fawning an minus? gas 3. sit-0h, tubes mennect'ing ths clm-mzebshaperi ring in the arranged in the inane of its ends cmmect- 1 as. the othar enci of saici cured and free $0 Expand Ending a rehtiveiy thin me 155.19 strength nmtarial, a

outer tube smsrmmding the Jrmlded W161 corrugations, behvcen 1m tubas and m1 strains from the, inner Finale? @1709.

I cylindm' shuature includand 0mm: i'unes farmed; of

mmns an-ang ed becapable in inner tube 'to the; cuter Iwn liner tube am'anged in 3st he inner mm.

csx'nbustion engine, an 2;. "111m owned of high '1; J and each censistin dinarv high tensila siiren t.

sngines 1 and capable ofimnsfen'in .n fhe jimmy to Etheouter tube, and.

m tu'm'mmngeci in the inner "mg imifarmly against the lab earring stmins caused inter- A @11 m firm inner tube;

" mmg; 'Whea'mi I 212353 mysignaiure.

GHARTL 132111153X mire J the. maker iube, and a Casi; ilT-OII liner means arranged e-' 6'5 transferring

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