US1524671A - Plaited cable sling - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 3, 1 925.

c. NYMAN ET AL PLAI TED CABLE SLING Filed May 9, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR v 1,524,671; C.,NYMAN ET AL v Feb.

PLAITED CABLE SLING Fild ma 9, 1 24 4 Sheets-Sheet 5,

Feb. 3 1925 11,524,671 C. NYMAN ET AL PLAITED CABLE SLING Filed May 9, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 K INVENTOR Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

* UNITED" STATES CHARLES 'NYMAN, or PITTSBURGH, AND 1301mm) Mun PENNSY VANIZQ P AT E gay,- or w'rnxmsnune,

PLAIT'ED CABLE SLING.

Application filed May 9,

To all whom it mayv concern-.-

Be it known that we, CHARLES NYMAN and DONALD MURRAY, citizens of the United States, residing in Pittsburgh and Wilkinsburg, respectively, county ofAllegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plaited Cable Slings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. j

This invention relates to plaited cable slings and particularly to'slings having a suspension eye and a plurality ofdepend ng portions. Slings of this character are highly desirable in the handling of various kinds of material. .For example, a sling may have its dependingportions formed into one or more loops for lifting bundled material, or may have a plurality of depending portions terminating in hooks for engaging a box or other structure.

We provide a sling which is plaited from one or more elementary strands, which may be wire cable on other suitable material. Such a sling is superior to one formed from twisted cable in that it has no tendency to twist upon itself or to break the small wires which comprise the cable. A further advantage is that if a wire strand does part it can only unravel a very short distance before a crossing strand, prevents further loosening.

v The forming of eyes intheend of a sling has heretofore been generally accomplished by splicing. Our invention provides for strands which are used to plait the various depending portions of the sling. It is, therefore, necessary only to splice the small elementary strands, there being at no point a single splice involving all of the strands of the sling. The weak spot in most slings is thereby done away with and the sling comprises one or'more elementary strands extending in a continuous manner through the depending portions and around the eye or eyes of the sling.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention, t

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the positioning of thestrands prior to splicing a sling having two depending cablelike portions,

Figure 2 is a view on an enlarged scale showing the preliminary'step-s of forming a suspension eye and commencing the plait forming these eyes from the elementary 1924. Serial nan aloe.

ing previous to plaiting the cable-like por t1ons separately,

Figure 3 a view of the; sling after one such portion has been completely plaited, the other portion being only partially .plaitecl,

Figure l is a side elevation of the complcted sling,

t Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 1, showing the positioning of the strands preliminary to plaiting a double loop sling,

Figure 6 is a View showing a further step.

in the process,

Figure7 is aside elevation of a completed double loop. sling, I Figure 8 is a View of'a plaited cable ready to be formed into a single loop sling,

Figure 9is a perspectiveview showing the manner of assembly of the strand loops prio-r'to serving them'into a single'eye,

Figure 10 is a viewer a completed single 100p sling, and

Figure 11 is a' perspective view showing an 'application thereof i 1 In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 4 there is shown a sling comprising a suspension eye and two depending portions having hooks at the ends'thereof. This sling is formed b takinga pair of elementar'y strands 2 and 3 of suitable size, inserting each in the eye 40f a hook 5and doubling the cables from the eye." The cables then comprise elementary strands 2 and 2 and 3 and3 The cables are redoubled and placed in the position shown in Figure 1. J g Adjacent the upper bend of the cables shown in Figure 1 the strands are united and temporarily secured by a seizing wire 6' to form'a suspension eye/7, this eye-including all of the strands in" the sling. The strands are plaite'd' below theseizing wire 6 fora short distance to form a single plaited bodyportion 8, the manner of plaiting being'preferably that shown in Figures 12 to 17 inclusive, in the pateutto Charles Nyman, No. 1,475,859. As clearly set forth in that patent the" plaiting-operation comprises dividing the strands into two pairs, crossing one pair of strands, then crossing the second pair over the first pairand soon until a plaite'd' cable of suitable length is secured. [It will be seen from Figure 2 that this step has been carried out in the present embodiment of the invention by making the loop portions of the strands 2 and 2 and the free portions of the strands 3 and 3 intoone pair of double strands and the free portions of the strands 2' and- 2 and the loop portions of the strands 3* and 3 the other pair of double strands for plaitmg into the body portion 8 of the sling.

After a body ortion 8 of sufiicient length has been formed the strands are divided into two sets of four, as shown in Figure 2, each of which sets is to be formed into a separate portion of the sling Figure 3 shows the step of plaiting one of the such portions in this particular form of the sling, the strands comprisingthe loop. portionsB and 3" of the strand 3 and the free portions 2 and 2 of the cable 2. The plaiting operation, which is the same as shown in detail in the Nyman patent above referred to, is as follows: The strands 3 and 3 are crossed, as at 9, and the strands 2 and 2 are then passed through the loop to cross one another, as at- 10. After these have been drawn taut the operation is repeated until there is just suflicient opening in the loop to permit the formation of a suitable eye.

One of the free ends 2 and 2 is then passed through the ring 4 and the two ends are spliced to form a loop through the rim This spliced loop and the loop of the cab e 3 are then covered with a serving wire 11 and a thimble 12 is inserted in the eye. A final serving 13 is then put on to secure the eye in place. The suspension eye is similarly treated, it being first covered with a serving wire 14, after which a thimble 15 is inserted and a final serving wire 16 is wrapped over the body portion 8 of the sling.

The sling thus formed comprises a suspension eye, a body portion immediately adjacent thereto, and a plurality of depending cable-like portions extending from the body portion and having hooks at the ends thereof. It will be understood, of course, that the hooks may be omitted'if desired. but one advantage of the invention is the fact that such hooks may be made a permanent part of the sling by plaiting the sling with the hooks in place, thereby materially strengthening the apparatus as a whole by doing away withthe necessity of splicing all of the cables or strands forming the sling. The eye 4 is preferably pierced in the solid metal forming the hook and by our invention the hook is secured to the sling without welding of the hook or splicing the sling as a whole.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 5 to 7 inclusive, varies from that previously described in that the cable-like portions are replaced by loops which start and terminate adjacent the suspension eye. In this form of the invention the elementary cables or strands are groupedas. shown in Figure 5, and seizing wires 17 and 18 are placed over each set of four. Each set is then plaited in the manner above described and the ends spliced to form a loop 19, as shown in Figure 6. Each portion of the sling is then doubled back toward the middle of the cables until they'assume the position of Figure 6. The sling at this stage of the process consists of loop portions 20 and 21 terminating in eyes 19 and joined by an unplaited cable portion 22. The eyes 19 and the portion 22 are then united to form a suspension eye, preferably by uniting all the cables by a seizing wire 23 and plaiting the loose ends as above described. This operation is carried far enough to leave the middle of the cable portion 22 pro jecting as a loop and also to leave the eyes 19 intact but of reduced length. These are then united and all secured together by a serving wire2et to form a suspension eye 25. A thimble 26 is inserted in the eye and a final serving 27 is put on the slin immediately below the eye to hold the t himble in p ace. Y

Figures 8 to 11, inclusive, show a single loop form of sling which is exceedingly useful for certain work. This form of slin is preferably made by first plaiting a cablelike portion of substantially twice the length of the desired sling and then doubling this cable-like portion to bring the ends ad acent one another. As shown in Figure 8, the sling at this stage of construction comprises a cable-like body 28 having loops 29 and 30 at one end thereof, and loops 31 and 32 at the otherend thereof. As fully set out in the Nyman patent, above referred to, this article may be plaite-d from a single elementary strandwith only one splice, as at 33. If desired, however, it may be made of two elementary strands, "but if this is the case the splices arepreferably at opposite ends of the body 28.

The loops 29, 30, 31 and 32 are united to form a single eye. This is preferably done by placing the loops 011 top of one another and alternating a loop from one end of the body with a loop from the other end, as shown to enlarged scale in Figure 9. After being thus combined the various loops are brought closely together and served with light wire to form a suspension eye 34 in the usual manner. It will be noted from Figure 9 that the splice 33 lies on the same side of the suspension eye 34 as does the depending portion with which it is directly connected. When a sling of this character is used the depending portions are fre quently spread wide apart and the splice, if so placed, isfavored somewhat, thus tending toward a stronger and safer sling.

A sling of this character is exceedingly strong and flexible and may be put to a number of uses. For example, it 1s shown in Figure 11 as having the lower loop porno kinks or deformations of any kind.

In any of the illustrated forms of the invention it is desirable 'to terminate the body portion adjacent the suspension eye so the cable-like portions depending therefrom pass under the lower portion of such body portion before becoming incorporated therewith. In practice the working portions of the sling are generally spread apart somewhat, as shown in Figures 4 and 7, and such construction is desirable in order to maintain all portions of the sling tightly plaited. Figure 2 clearly shows the manner in which the cable-like portions are preferably joined to the body 'ortion, the strands from either of the cab e-like por tions being incorporated with the body portion at the remote side thereof.

We thus provide an improved cable sling having a suspension eye and a plurality of plaited body portions extending therefrom. The number of strands about the eye of the sling is the same as the number of strands in the sling proper, and in every case both the eye and the body portion are formed from one or more elementary strands passing back and forth from the body to the eye in a continuous manner. The sling is unspliced as a whole, the only splices being in the elementary cables or strands, which are plaited to form the completed sling. lVe can thus produce slings which are strong and flexible and exceedingly convenient and safe to use.

In each of the illustrated embodiments of the invention the strands have been formed into a plurality of depending portions which, in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, are rovided with hooks, and which, in the em odiment of Figures 5 to 7 and 8 to 11, inclusive, are formed into loops. Obviously, the number of strands may be increased as desired and divided into as many sets as is necesary to form a sling having a suitable number of cable-like portions for the purpose intended. For example, eight strands may be arranged in the same manner as the four strands of Figuresl to 5, inclusive, and a sling having four cable-like portions formed therefrom. Any size cable or any number of small cables may be utilized to form the strands from which the sling is plaited in order to secure a sling of the desired strength.

elementary strand extending around the eye and forming a part of at leastv two of said portions, substantiallv as described.

2. A plaited cable sling having a suspension eye, the sling being formed from a plurality of lengths of material doubled in their central portions to form an eye and plaited on either side of the eye into cableike portions, substantially as described.

3. A plaited cable sling having a suspension eye, the sling being formed from a plurality of lengths of material doubled in their central portions to form an eye, plaited beyond the eye to form a single body portion and plaited beyond the body portion into a plurality of depending port1ons,.substantially as described.

4. A plaited cable sling having a plurality of cable-like portions with an eye at the ends'thereof, the sling having at least one elementary strand extending through at least two of the cable-like portions, substantially as described.

5. .A plaited cable sling havin a plurality of cable-like portions, depen ing from a suspension eye and formed of a plurality of plaited strands extending in a continuous rr anner back and forth through such' portions and around the eye, substantially as described.

6. A plaited cable sling having a suspension eye, a plaited body portion adjacent thereto, and a plurality of cable-like portions beyond the body portion, the body portion being formed from all of the strands in the several cable-like portions, substam tially as described.

7. A plaited cable sling having a suspension eye and a plurality of depending portions, the eye being formed of all the strands in the several de nding portions, substantially as described 8. A plaited cable sling including a plurality of cable-like portions depending from a suspension eye and also having eyes at the ends thereof remote from the suspen sion eye, the sling comprising at least one elementary strand extending in a continuous manner around each of the eyes and through each of the cable-like portions,'substantially' as described.

9; A plaited cable sling having a suspension e e, a plurality of cable-like portions depen ing therefrom and having eyes at the ends thereof remote from the suspension eye, the number of strands in the first mentioned eyes being the same as the nun ber of strands in the cable-like portions, and the number of strands in the last mentioned eye being the same as the total number of strands in all the cable-like portions, substantially as described.

10. The method of making a cable sling.

having a suspension eye and a plurality of depending portions, whichin-cludes forming a suspension eye from a plurality of strands, dividing the strands into sets and plaiting each set into a depending portion, substantially as described.

11. [Themethod of making a sling having a suspension eye and a plurality of depending portions, which includes uniting a plurality of stands to form a suspension eye, plaiting such strands into a body portion, separating the strands beyond the body portion into sets and plaiting each of the sets of strands intof-a depending sling portion, substantially as described.

12. The method of making a sling having a suspension eye and a plurality of depending port-i0ns,'which includesuniting a plurality of strands to form a suspension eye, dividing the strands into sets, plaiting each set into a depending portion, and forming an eye at the end of each of such portions, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands;

CHARLES NYMAN. DONALD MURRAY

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