US1522914A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

Jan, 13, 1925.

J. SCHUMACHER FUNACE Filed May 23, 1921 3 Sheets--Sheet l lun csc uJnacZQ r`ian. 137

J. SCHUMACHER FURNACE Filed May 23, 1921 y vI5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan, 13, 1925.

J. SCHUMACHER FURNACE Filed May 23, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 @n jaar l, i925.

JOHN SGHUMACHER, F LOS AIbl'G-ELES,` CALIFORNIA.

FURNACE.

Application filedV May 23,

To. all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN SGHUMACHER,

, a citizen of the United States, residing v at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specication.

Thisv invention relates to furnaces, and. it has for its object to provide improvements in furnaces adaptable to generahuses, and

particularly adaptable for use a furnace for delivering heated air for heatlng, drying or other purposes. Thel invention has for further objects the provision of an improved furnace in which .the heat' units will be thoroughly and effectively conserved, and wherein losses by radiation, convection and conduction, as well as heat losses through the chimney or stack, will be minimized or approximately eliminated.

'. In accordance with the. invention, the combustion chamber is partially or entirely surrounded, as at bottom and sides, by anair V'passage or air passages leading to thev hot-air chamber, and this passage or'these passages -receive air from the exterior of the furnace, which air when heated in this passage or these passages is directed to the hot-air chamber, after receiving' the heat 3 generated in the combustion chamber. This heated `air is withdrawn from the hot-air chamber and directed as may be required or desired for purposes of heating or drying. The stack communicates with the combustion chamber, and after the operation of the furnace has been commenced air may be drawn down through the stack and into the combustion chamber, which latter chamber may likewise communicate with the` 40 hot-air chamber, so that the air thus received within the combustion chamber may,

. when heated,I be directed to the hot-air chamber and commingled with the heated Yair therein.A

Further means of communication are provided between the combustion chamber and ,the said passage or passages which in art or entirely surroundv the heating cham er, so that heated air may be withdrawn from such combustion chamber into such passage or passages and directed into the hot-air chamber.

rlhe various passages and communications referred to are controlled by suitable dempers and the operation of the furnace may be carried on subject to regulation by tion.

1921-. serial no. 471,778.

said dampers and in order to produce the' degree or kind vof -heat or qualifications of heated uid which are best adapted or most desirable for the purposes in View.

Boiler tubes or other heat consuming elements may be installed in or in connection v thereof, and the furnace may thus be adapted to many varying uses and for many va mg purposes; and part of the heated fiuid may be directed back to the hotair cham-I ber, or, the furnace, in"` pre-heatedcondi- When the combustion chamber is in communlcatlon with the hot-air chamber, either' "with the furnace or the hot-air chamber directly or through the passages which m part or in whole surround the combustion chamber, certain of the products of combustion pass from the heating chamber to the hot-air chamber, instead of passing through the stack, But this is not objectionable in many furnace uses, particularly where a clean fuel, such as hydro-carbon' oil, is employed to support combustion, and in uses of the furnace pertinent to maintenance of drying currents.

The invention has for further and particular objects the provision of an improved furnace of the general character stated which will be superior in point of relative simplicity and inexpensiveness of construction and organization, taken in conjunction with compactness in structure, durability,

.facility in control and operation, economy 1n fuel and general eliiciency and service# shown in elevation;

' Figure 2 is a transveise vertical ser-tional view taken upon the line w`--r2, Figure 1, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows; 2

Figure 3 is a fragmentary horizontal transverse sectional View taken upon the line aas-ms, Figure 2, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

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Figure 4 is a. detail perspective fragmentary view of a damper and damper-.operating means which may be utilized in controlling the operation of the furnace;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating a modified form of construction; and,

Figure 6 is a detail vertical sectional View taken upon the line 00L-, Figure 5, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated bythe same reference characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawings, the improved furnace is shown as com-` prismg an outside furnace wall A which may surround and enclose a hot air chamber B, as well as a combustion chamber C, the latter preferably comprising two chamber' portions c and d, respectively, which'range lengthwise of the furnace and communicate at tbheir rear end ortions, through a vertical passage e. ombustion is supported within the chamber portion c, as by el admitted through and supplied to an oil burner f provided at the front of such chamber portion c, the chamber portions c and d having front walls 4 and and a commonrear wall 6, through which latter, in the plane of the chamber portion d, is provided an opening to which is applied piping 7 leading to the stack (not shown). The chamber portion c is surrounded at top and sides by an arched furnace wall 8, andthe chamber portion d is similarly surrounded at sides and top by an arched wal19. These chamber portions may have a common Hooring 10, and suitable courses of ire brick 11 may be provided within the combustion chamber c at the bottom thereof. The side portions ofthe arched wall 9 are spacedA away from the side portions of the arched wall 8, as clearly indicatedv in Figure 2.

A suitable space isl likewise providedA at the sides of the furnace between the main outer furnace 'wall A and the furnace .chamber wall 9, and suitable vertical ssages 12 are provided between such wall?, sides of the furnace, such passages communicating transversely of the furnace throu h bottom assages 13 furnace oorin 10. t one side of the furnace each of t ese passages including-two of the vertical passages 12 and a bottom transverse passage 13, is adapted to communicate with the outer air, through the main furnace wall A, through a se arate port 14,- and a damper 15 is applic a may be common to all of the-dam rs so that they all may be simultaneous y andv at both A rovided beneath t e over eachA ofthese ports'lt, said damper being vertically.

equally adjusted either in an opening or closing direction. y

Passages 18 are also provided at each side Vof thecombustion chamber c, between the `respective transverse air passages 13 and the spaces at the sides of the tween the arched Wall l8 Vand the arched wall 9. These passages are controlled by lonfritudinal sliding dampers 19 which ma lie operated through the agency of longitu inal shaftsl 2 0 disposed at the respective sides of the furnace, each such shaft being pinned to the respective dempers 19, or perforated urnace beheads 21Ythereon, as at 22,- as clearly shown in Figure 4. When these dam rs 19 are opene communication is esta lished between the textension of the combustion chamber d and the hot air chamber B.

Suitable ports or openings A23 are also provided at one side of the arched wall 9, preferably near the crown thereof, and leading from the chamberportionldl into the lishes such communication, heated air passes directly from the chamber dintothe heated chamber B. y

The piping 7 leading to the stack is provided with a damper or gate valve 26 which chamber B. These portsI may be controlled i by hinged swinging dampers 24, to whichmay be manipulated to close or open communication between the stack and the lun chambers c and d, so that products of comto thel combustion chamber.

The fuel .burner f may be provided with an oil fuel inlet pipe 27 and an air inlet pipe 28, such fluids being mixed in the burner and entering the chamber c to support combustion. A v

The main furnace wall A is indicated as extending upwardly and arched into a dome a which surrounds the hot air chamber B at the top and sides. rlhis hot-air chamber extends longitudinally of -the furnace and directly over the top of the `arched wall 9 of the hot air chamber C, and a bridge 'wall 9EL at one side thereof, and this chamber is' provided at its rearward end with an end wall 6 constitutin an extension of the end wall 6. lt wi be understood that' the furnace asv anrentirety large arrowatthe upper left-hand corner of Figure 1. Flow of the heated air in such direction may be produced and maintained in any suitable manner', such as by blower or' other fan device. Thus, heated air may be withdrawn from the hot-air chamber and passed to any drying or heat consuming apparatus, or passed into any chamber' or interior or circulating system within and through which or by which it controlled and maintained. lt is found in actual practice that approximately 100 per cent of calories generated in this furnace combustion chamber, provided the dampers 'casing of a power or fan blower of any preferred or suitable type (not shown), it being understood that the casing is to coni ventionally represent a unit for withdrawing the heated air or other fluid'fr'om the combustion chamber B, such casing 32 being shown as having a main discharge pipe or casing 33, and likewise a branch or return discharge casing 34, whereby a portion of the heated fluid may be returned to the several ports 14 which lin turn communicate with the chambers 12. It thus results that pre-heated or super-heated air or other fluid may be directed back to the 1S) are open `so that'communication'may be established through the passages 18. This will operate to produce va greater efficiency and conservation of furnace action and heat units. ALikewise such heated air or other fluid thus returned to the furnace may pass into the combustion chamber C, descending from hot air chamber B through the ports 2:3 when the dampers 24 are suitably adj usted.

. Furthermore, I provide a 'battery 29 of boiler tubes suitably disposed within the combustion .chamber B, -and it will be un# derstood that 'such boiler tubes or any other heat consumers may be located at this zone of the furnace or at any other desired'or suitable zone for the purpose of taking up or consuming or utilizing the calories of the heat units generated in the furnace. A water feed or feed reservoir 29a for and communicating with the boiler tubes 29 or the like, is indicated as disposed upon the top of the dome a, and it will be understood that the water or other substance heated in these tubes 29 may be conducted through a line pipe 29" to any suitable point for use or distribution.

The air pipe 28 may be extended through the hot air chamber B, such air pipe receiving air from an air pump 2S located at the rear of the furnace, and in this Way `pre-heated air may be forced into the combustion chamber c, mixed with fuel oil suitably pumped in or injected through the oil feed pipe 27.

In operating thefurnace, it therefore results that great saving of fuel is produced over and beyond ordinary furnace practice,and the room or interior, in which the furnace is installed, may be kept at a cool temperature, which is impossible in the use of furnaces in which the usual losses of heat units occur.

In the particular operation of the furnace, constructed and organized as above described and shown in the drawings, air may be drawn into and through the communi rating chambers 12 and 13 upon opening the.

dampers controlling the ports 14. This air will pass at the side of and underneath the combustion chamber, and will receive heat therefrom by conduction. The air thus heated will rise into the hot'air chamber B. The heated air and products of combustion within the chamber d may be withdrawn therefrom through the ports 18 after manipulation of the dampers 19 to open such ports, such heated air or products of combustion entering` the passages 13 and the passages 12 which communicate with the hot air chamber B. It will, be understood that the lpassages 12 at the one side of the furnace having the ports 14, are prevented from direct communication with the hot air chamber B, by the bridge wall or partition 9a. as shown in Figure 2.

Likewise, air may be drawn through the stack into the chamber C, after suitable adjustment of the damper 26, and heated within such chamber and commingled with the products of combustion therein, and the air and products of combustion may be withdrawn from the chamiber d through the ports 23 after adjustment of the dampers 24, and thrown thus into the hot air chamber B. It thus results that air may be taken into the furnace either through the ports 14 or the stack, or both, and such air,

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together with the products of combustioni may pa` from the combustion chamber through the ports A18 into the passages 12,

4vide for a thorough heating of air supplied to thev furnace, such air passing about and over t-he combustion chamber walls or parts thereof, such air in motion being passed over the highly heated walls throughout approximately the entire length of the. furnace, both inside and outside the arched wall 9 and over the arched wall 8, and the heated air, with the products of combustion (if the dampers 19 and 24 be opened), are passed finally over the arched wall 9 throughout the length of the furnace and it results that a maximum of the calories resultant upon combustion in the chamber c are Withdrawn from the furnace, or applied to boiler tubes or the like 'Z9 within lthe furnace, lthe outer wall A of the furnace being maintained approximately cold, and a maximum heating efficiency being provided. v

It is obvious thatmany changes and variations with respect to details and features of construction and combination mayibe made in practicing the invention, in departure from the particular structures hereinabove described and shown in the drawings, and in adapting the invention to varying conditions of use and service, all without departing from the real spirit ofthe invention.

Having thus disclosed my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A furnace having a combustion chamber and a hot air chamber, and fa main` furnace wall Within which such heating and hot air chambers are contained, there being a p-ath provided for air, circulation exteriorly of the combustion chamber and leading to the hot air chamber.

2. A furnace having a combustion chamber and a' hot air chamber yand a main furnace Wall within which such heating and hot air chambers are contained, there being a path provided for air circulation exteriorly of the combustion chamber and leading' to the hot air chamber; means of communication being provided between the vcombustion-chamber and such path for air circulation.

3. A furnace having a combustion chamber and a hot air chamber and a main furnace Wall within which such heat-ing and hot air chambers are contained, there being a path provided for air circulation exteriorly of the combustion chamber and leading to the hot air chamber; means of direct communication being provided between the combustion chamber and the hot air chamber. Y f 45A furnace having a combustion alkmber anda hot air chamber and a main funvnace Awall within vwhich such heating and e( 5. A furnace' having a combustion cham S ber and a hot air chamber and a main furl nace wall within which such heating and combustion chambers are contained, there -being a path provided for air circulation/ exteriorly ofthe hot air chamber and leadv ing to the hot air chamber; means of direc' communication being provided betweenl the comjbustion `chamiber and the hot-air chamber; an outside air passage member being provided communicating with the combustion chamber. c

6. A furnace, comprising( a combustion chamber member having inner and outer interconnecting chambers, and a 'hot air chamber; there bein an airncirculation path extending at the si es andvbottom of' said combustion chamber member;

' 7. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber'having an inner chamber within which combustion takes place and an outer 100 chamber communicating therewith, and a hot air chamber:l there being an air circulation path extending at thesdes and bottom ofsaid combustion chamber and communieating with said hot air chamber; said'circulation path comprising av plurality of separate passages each provided with a damper. j

8. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber having an inner chamber 4Withinv which combustion'takes .place and an outer chamber communicating therewith, and/a hot air chamber; there being an air cir ulation atlextending at ,the sides and vbottom of said) combustion chamber and communijeating with said hot air chamber; means of communicationV bein provided between said vouter chamber of tie combustion chamber 9. A furnace, comprisin a combustion 'chamber having an in ner-c amber wit-hin which combustion takes place and an outer chamber communicating therewith.l and a hot air chamber; there being an air circulation path extending at the sides and bot- Y tom of said combustion chamber and communicating with said hot air chamber;-v means of communication being providedfbetween said outer chamber andgsaid hot air chamber. """i' and said air circulation .patl

10. A furnace, provided with a combustion chamber comprising an inner chamber and an outer chamber, said chambers having walls one of which arches over the other of which, there being a main furnace wall enclosing the aforementioned walls and likewise enclosing a hot -air chamber, said inner and outer combustion chambers communicating with each other,an outside air passage member in communication with said outer chamber, means of communication being provided between said outer chamber and said hot air chamber, air passages adapted to communicate with the outer air and arranged within said main furnace wall and between the same and the wall of said outer chamber, and means -of communication between said air passages and said outer combustion chamber, said air passages communicating each at one end with said hot air chamber.

11. A furnace, provided with a hot air chamber and a combustion chamber, and means for returning to the furnace heated Huid withdrawn from the'hot air chamber.

12. A furnace, provided with a heated chamber and a heating chamber, and means for returning to the furnace heated fluid withdrawn fromthe heated chamber; there being a fluid circulation assagewithin the furnace and communicating with the heating chamber and through which said returned heated Huid may be passed to the` M heating chamber.

18. A furnace, provided with a hot air chamber and a heating chamber, and means for returning to the furnace heated fluid withdrawn from the hot air chamber; there 'being a fiuid circulation passage within the furnace and communicatmg with the heat- 'ing chamber and through which said're- 'Turned heated fluid may be passed tothe i heating chamber; means being provided for regulating communication between said passage and said combustion chamber.

14. A furnace, provided with a hot air chamber and a combustion chamber, and means forreturning to the furnace heated fluid withdrawn from the hot air chamber; means being provided controlling communication between the combustion chamber and the hot air chamber.

15. A furnace, comprising a ,combustion chamber and a hot air chamber; there being a plurality of boiler tubes disposed within the hot air chamber; means of communication being provided between the hot air chamber and the combustion chamber.

16. A furnace, comprising a combustion chamber and a hot air chamber; there being a plurality of boiler tubes disposed within the hot air chamber; means of communication being provided between the combustionv chamber and the hot air chamber; means being provided for returning a heated Huid from the hot air chamber to the furnace. Y

17. A furnace. having a heating chamber and a heated chamber, and a mam furnace wall within which such heating chamber is contained, there being a path provided for air circulation `errteriorly of the heating chamber and leading' to the heated chamber g' in combination with means for withdrawing heated uid from` the heated chamber.

lfn testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. l

JOHN SCHUMACHER.

Witnesses:y

RAYMOND Jas. BLAKESLEE, v EDNA Team.

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