US1516604A - Retort-arch construction - Google Patents

Description

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Nm, 25, i924.

L.. H. HosBElN RETORT ARCH CONSTRUCTION original Filed Aprill v, 1923 ldatented Non; 25, ldgll rar ern

toursv n. nosnnmr, on cnroaeo, rtmnors, .essrenon 'ro in n. nnrnrcn COMPANY,

f or cnrcneo, trainers, n conrcaafrron or minors.

BETORT-.ARCH GO'NSTBI'UTIN.

Application led'Aprrl 7, 1923, Serial re. 630,533. Renewed. @atelier 15, i324.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, Louis H. Hosenrn,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Retort-rch Construction, of which the following is a specie ication.

This invention relates generally to furic naces and the like, and pertains particularly to improvements in the construction ci retort furnaces of the type employed in the 'distillation and dehydration of fpetroleum.

The general purpose of the invention is the provision of a suitable heat resisting dat roof or cover arch whichmay be supported upon the walls o the retort and which may be suitably insulated to minimize radiation from the retort while aording the necesu sary radiation from metallic supporting members in the arch structure to permit the requisite cooling thereof. f

A further object is the provision of a construction of the sort described which admits ci repair and replacement of parts with ta cility, and in which the refractories are supported in such fashion as to admit of relative movement incident to expansion and contraction by heat, yet are adorded such support as to prevent falling of 'portions of. refractories which may become broken along lines on which fracture is most likely to occur.

Other and further objects o invention will be pointed out hereinafter, indicated in the a ended claims, or will be obvious to one illed in the art, upon an understandin of the present disclosure.

For t e purpose of this application there is shown herein one form in which the invention may be embodied, but it is to be understood that the construction is susceptible of wide variation without departure '45 :from the essential characteristics of the invention, and that, therefore, the illustrative disclosure herein contained is not to be accorded the effect of limitin the invention which l purport to secure, s ort of its true en and most comprehensive scope in the art.

ln the drawing forming part of this specication,

Figure l is a longitudinal part sectional` elevation through the topportion of a retort construction embodying my invention;

Figure 2 isa part transverse sectional elevatin on substantially line 2 2 of F igure Figure 3 is detail in the nature of a fragmentary cross section on substantially line 3*-3 of Figure l; and

Figure l is a detail in the nature of an enlarged section through the arch corresponding to the section on which Figure 1 is taken. l

As is known in the art, it has been customary to employ in the refining of petroleum, stills or retorts consisting of a suitable housing containing banks of pipes through which the petroleum is pumped, and below which the housing adords a lire box in which heat is generated for application to the pipes and the petroleum therein. Such retorts are employed customarily in continuous rening processes for giving petroleum the preliminary heating and accomplishing the dehydration. lt is for such an installation that the present invention is primarily designed, and its nature will be understoodby reference to the accompanying drawing in which it is shown embodied in a'retort or this description. Y

'ln said drawing, let it be understood that the numeral l designates the front wall of the retort, the numeral 2 the rear wall, the numerals 4 the outer side walls and .the numeral 5 the inner or refractory sidewalls. The latter, of course, are made of fire brick while the outer walls'l may be formed of ordinary brick. rlhe relationship of the walls is such as to :form a chamber in the lower portion of which is provided a fire box or combustion space, in the manner well known. Above said fire box a plurality of retort pipes 6 are arranged to extend horizontally and longitudinally of the retort chamber, said pipes being connected at their ends to constitute a continuous coil through which the petroleum may be pumped. These pipes are arranged in a plurality of stages, and baes usually are inserted at desired points, in accordance with customary practice, forthe purpose of inducing a prolonged tortuous circulation of combustion products among the retort pipes. At the upper rear extremity of the retort is which engage over the lower flanges of the`y Beingv I-beams to retain the tile thereon. thus supported with their side faces in contact, the tile afford a continuous flat roof closure for the retort chamber. The marginal tiles overlap the inner wall portions.

' of the retort, the latter being formed with Cil lationshi space to accommodate them, and the joints between the walls andthe roof tile are filled by compressible heat resisting material 14, such as asbestos packing, to constitute an expansion joint. In assembling the roof, the tile are strung on to the 1beams while the latter are suspended in horizontal position from a derrick and each unit thus assembled is swung into position on the retort Walls. The height of the I-beams is such that a substantial portiony of the web and all of the upper flanges extend clear of the supn lported tile, as may be clearly seen in Figure 4. The tile upon the I-beam lnearest the stack OpeninOtliaVe their lowerfrear corners rounded off in the form illustrated in Figure 1, and the relationship of that 1-beam to the stack breeching 7 is such that the latter extends well down on the rear faceof the tile and contacts therewith, Ifor a pur pose presently described. With all of the I-beams and their suspended tilel assembled in the manner. just describedfit' will be observed that a continuous horizontal refractory closure' arch is provided as a cover for the retort chamber. This arch lies in close relationship to the upper bank of pipes and maintains uniform spacing with respect thereto. The arch is completed by an insulating and Ventilating covering. This is made up of transverse series of brick 15 which are laid-end to end upon juxtaposed tile in coverin relationship to the joint therebetween, w ierefore said rows of brick extend parallel to the I-beams and at equidistant spacing with respect thereto. The thickness of the brick 15, which I will call the spacing brick, is such that their top surfaces will be higher than the tops of the I`beams 11. Upon these rows of spacing brick 15 are laidv cover brick 16, in such rethat they bridgethe space between a jacent rows of the spacing brick, and extend across the I-beams. These cover brick 16 are laid side by side so asto afford a continuous closure, but spaces are left at the ends of the brick between the adjacent rows. A covering of insulating material is then applied entirely over the cover bricks and in the space therebetween. This covering 17 may be applied in the form of a plastic cement which becomes rigid upon setting.- 1t has the effect of completely closing all joints between the cover brick and maintaining them spaced in the proper re.- lationship for support upon the spacing brick. The spaces or channels about, the upper portions of the I-beams 11, however, remain open from end to end and at their ends to aord limited circulation channels over the I-beams.

It is to be observed that the entire arch, including the insulating cover, is ,supported on the -beams. Inasmuch as the spacing brick 15 are su ported directly on the tile, they accommodate themselves to the movement of the tile incident to expansion and contraction, and thus maintain the desirable close contact requisite to close the joints between the juxtaposed rows of tile. The I-beams, being entirely free of restraint from the insulating covering, will not be cramped or strained through any difference in expansion between the latter and the tile. While the insulating cover is effective to seal the greater proportion of the joints between tlie tile and to exercise effectively its insulating effect in preventing radiation of heat from the tile, the construction affords a requisite free circulation space about the 1-beamspermitting escape of any. gases which` leak through the tile and accommodating the radiation from the I-beams necessary to avoid their destruction by heat. rf'he tile afford one another a mutual support which tends to hold thearch intact even in the event of radical fracture of the tile. The most likely line of fracture of the tile is downwardly from the bottom of the medial slots, but in spite of the fracture of time in such fashion, the portions will be retained in the structure by the cooperation of the associated tile and the I-beams. The tile on the I-beam nearest the stack opening are supported in similar fashion by the breaching 7, which, as pointed out above, contacts the adjacent faces of these tile throughout a substantial portion of their height. Consequently, in the event ofthe fracture of the tile on this I-beam, the parts will be retained in the relationship inthe arch necessary I`to maintain its integrity. This obviates the necessity for an additional support for the rear end of the cover.

In the operation of retorts of this, description it is not desirable to force the fire to the point of obtaining an extremely high temperature, as such would be detrimental to the banks of pipes nearest the I LT Q a 1 1 l I ,ej nre box. iiovveverit is uesirsbie toer, euere oe maintained os neeriy unirorrn tempere- ,3., 'ture on sii the-pipes es is possibie. erom these tivo considerations respite the imporing cover, on srch of this construction pos-A Sesses terro oii utility. an the event of deteriorntion et one point, the perticuisr section necteoi muy oe removed enti repisced independently of other portions of the structure, Without requiring their dismantling'. inesrnuoii es A l ie iced of tile :irch is carried by the rvsiis o vertical lines, enti expunsion ci ercii is eccomrnoeteteol Weiis, ficos not have of] to or spring nortiicuicr portones e sort indepenr. 'tire undesiro, 'the Wuiis, in un instoiietion wherein the retort V wsiis, us e deiiecticn of 'iie Weiis 2night neve u tentiency towsrcf. springing the pipes und opening the joints therein. ecnuse tile iniiurnniuble re ci' tir interi through the es3 und 'uct it is c rf interi under pressure which is substitutiond increese; oy the nerr-t, to which it is suogicose. i, it ivi re uppreci sited that tire straining' or opening of ieeks in the pipes may be uttentieti with niost serious consequences.

citrine: i. in furnace construction, combination comprising supp r'fing vuiis, beams supported thereon, tire suspended4 from the beams in association to torni, top srch be tween the Weils und on insulating cover supported. onthe tiic soci covering tiiern end beams, said cover oiorriing ventiiziting chsnneis shout the cocine.

2. in 'rurnsce arci; construciion, u combination comprising supporting beams, tiie suspended thereon in association to form u heart. resisting top ciosure, erick supported on the tiicover 'the oints therebetween, un insuiuting cover supported on seid brick und, overlying the tile und supporting beams, said brick und cover being spaced from the besms'to uord ventiieting chenneis along the same..

3. structure or 'the ciass described, ai combination comprising supporting beams, tile suspended thereon in association to orm o. continuous refractory arch `oortion, und sn-insuieting cover supporteci on title tile between the beams enti covering iat 'ter und the tile, scifi cover having channeis to permit circuistion of oir siong the beams. Y

spin structure oi the ciass described, u combination comprising supporting Weils, seams supported thereon, tiie suspended thereon in association to 'form o. fiexioie continuous refractory rooif'orch, brick covering the joints between tiie on juxtaposed beams, and en insulating cover supported on said '.'orick clear of the tiie.

in ire arch structure, er combination comprising supporting beams, tiie suspended Jirorn seid beams in association to i'orrn o, continuous refractory arch portion, the upoer portions of said ioeoms extending cle-.ir of tile tile, ond sn insuiating cover supported inA covering reictionship to the tile beams, seid cover being spaced away from tiie portions or the ioesnis cioove the tiie euri nei/ing portions interposed between adjacent seems.

in refractory structure, coinbinetion comprising supporting beams, 'biic suspende@A thereon in association to i`or1n o continuous rercctorg1 srch portion ioeiow` 'the beams, soiti beams having heet rsciiatA ing portions extending ciecr or tile shove the suine, spacing oricir supported ou the tile between the beams, cover brick supported on the spacing brick enti nous' ing the beams, und insuioting inzit/crisi covering the cover iiricir.

17. in furnace construction, e. combination comprising u beam extending uchiucent the stuck opening, tile suspended on seid beam niong the steek opening, cover portion supported by vtine tiie enti e piste contacting 'the aces ois-uid Atiie oiong the stuck opening to prevent disengagement. ci portions oi seid tile from the 8, in furnace construction, e cornoinetion comprising, u beam extending along on outet i'roiii the furnace chamber, tile having shoulder portions engaging over parts of suit?. seem to retain tile tile in suspension on the beam, a cover portion supported by the tile und. opiate engaging the terminals faces of the tiie to Drevent disengagementv o' their shoulder portions from the beam.

in testimony whereot i have hereunto subscribe@ my nume,

Leurs ri. rrosenrir.

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