US1503027A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

M. C. CRAWLEIY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug] 29'. 4 sheets-sheet 2 July 29, 1924. l

M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug. 29, 1917 4 sheetsfsheet 5 v @nvm/Lio@ 51; clito/mei? r 4 1,503,027 July 29 1924 M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug. 29, 191? 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented .Bully 2Q, 924i.

MANSFIELD C. CRWLEY, OF GROTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 ADDOGRAYH COM- PNY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION' OF CALIFORNIA.

TYPETING' MACHINE.

Application led August 29, 1917, Serial No. 188,770. Renewed December 3, 1921. Serial No; 519,804.

" movements either toward the right or toward the left side of the machine through a part of said power means, whereby the carriage may be letter spaced, as well as advanced or returned with a continuous running move-ment, by power other than that applied to the keys by an operator The improvements are especially adapted for use in machines having power-operated printing mechanism, and have been shown embodied in a machine having poweroperated printing mechanism of the character shown in my reissued Letters Patent dated July -3,.19Q3, Reissue No. 15,640, wherein a'type-bar actuator is driven forwardly by a spring motor to impel a typebar to printing position and is retracted by a continuously-running rotary'motor, such. as an ordinary electric motor.

The present invention has for its priny cipal objects to provide means whereby the entire letter-space movement incidental to actuation of any one of the character keys or the space-bar is imparted to the carriage during one stroke of the actuator and by powertransmitted to the feed mechanism during said stroke of the actuator by one of saidy motors only; to provide means operated by one of said motors to lock the carriage at the end of each letter-space movement and releasedby the other motor when the actuator is retracted to normal position; and to provide means whereby the rotary motor may drive the carriagecontinuously in either vdirection;through a part of the aforesaid letter-spacing means. n the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the letter-space mechanism is operated to move the carriage one full letter-space at a time during each forward, type-bar-impelling stroke of the actuator, the letterspace mechanism being operated on its feed stroke by the actuator under the influence of the spring motor and being restored to normal position on the return or idle stroke of the actuator under the influence of the rotary motor, and this construction is an important feature of the present invention. It will 4be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the 'horizontal sectional View of the machine,

the platen carriage being removed;

Fig. 3 a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 1 on a larger scale, portions of the machine being broken away;

Fig. f1 a detail vertical sectional view substantially on the line IV-IV of Fig, 2;

Fig. 5 a detail sectional view, showing the carriage-controlled devices in side elevation;

Fig. 6 a. vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line VI-VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 a similar view taken on the line VII- VII of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 a det-ail horizontal sectional view taken on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 5;

Fig, 9 a detail view of a part of the mea-ns for actuating the trip bar; and

Fig. 10, a detail view of the connection between the trip bar and the link which releases the actuator. i l

As the carriage feeding mechanism is operated through the type bar actuating means, it will be necessary to first briefly describe the type bar action,

Referring to the various parts by' numerals, 1 designates the frame of the type- Writing machine, which, of course, may be of any suitable form and construction. In the upper part of the frame is the usual printing platen 2 which is mountedin any suitable form of platen carriage 3. The type bars 4 are mounted in a suitably constructed type segment 5 and are adapted to swing upwardly and rearwardly to the platen. At` the rear of the machine is mounted a suitable form of rotary motor 6, said 'motor preferably being electrically operated; and in the machine frame at the rear thereof is mounted, in suitable journals, a main driving shaft 7, said shaft being provided at one end with a pulley 8 which is connected by means of a belt 9 to a driving pulley 10 mounted on the motor armature shaft. The shaft 7 is continuously rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figs. 1 and 3.

Mounted in the frame, a suitable distance in the rear of the type bar segment 5, is a coupler support 11, said support being in the form of a segment corresponding somewhat in form to the type bar segment 5. Pivotally connected to the lower rear end of each type bar is a coupler 12, said coupler extending rearwardly and being formed at its rear end with a downwardly extendin foot 13 the lower end of which is forme with a downwardly and forwardly extending locking-toe 14, adapted to rest on the coupler supporting segment and t'o engage the ver-4 tical dange 15 thereon to lock the type bar against rebound from its rest. There is a slight space between the'toe and the said flange 15, which will permit the type bar to have a slight movement suflicient to bring the toe into direct engagement kwith the flange. The coupler foot is formed with a heel part 16 at its upper end, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined cam surface 17 connecting the heel to the toe, as clearly .shown in the drawings. Extending upwardly and forwardly from the coupler supporting segment is a slotted rigid guide 18. The substantially horizontal body portion of each coupler extends through one of the slots of the said guide and is thereby held against lateral vibration. To each coupler near its forward end is connected a spring 195, the other end of said spring bein connected to the lower portion of the coup er supporting segment and serving to return the type bar and the coupler to their normal at-rest p0- sitions.

Extending rearwardly from the type bar segment support are two horizontal frame bars 20, said frame bars being connected at their forward and rear ends by horizontal rock shafts 21 and 22, the shaft22 being extended at one end through the side ofthe machine frame to receive a tensioning device (not shown). Depending from the shafts '21' and 22 between the frame bars 20 are the arms 24 and 25 and the links 26. Coiled ,of the drawings.

kabout the shaft 22 between depending arms 25 is a spring 23, the ends of which engage y end of the inclined surfaces 17 ,'as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings.

Rigidly secured to the drive shaft 7 is a ratchet wheel 31. A. stub-shaft 32 .is in axial alignment with shaft 7, and on one end thereof adjacent the ratchet wheel, is mounted an arm 33 which carries a pawl 34 said pawl being pressed toward the ratchet wheel by means of a spring 35 which is secured to the arm l33. The arm 33 is provided with an outwardly extending stop lug 36 which is adapted to engage a spring-pressed latch 37, said latch being mounted upon the rear wall of the machine frame and being pressed into the path of the stop lug 36 b the spring 38. Rigidly secured to the sha t support is a cam 39 which is adapted to be .engaged by the rear end of the pawl and to release said pawl from the ratchet wheel. Connected to the spring-pressed latch 37 is a forwardly extending link 40, the forward end of lsaid link being connected to the trip bar 30, `as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2 Secured to the other end of the shaft 32 is a crank arm' 41, said arm being connected to the rear end of a rod 42 `yhosg forward end is pivoted on the actuator Connected to the lrear end of each keyl lever is a vertically extending coupler-lift ing bar 43, the upper end of said bar being guided in a `vertical slot in the coupler supporting segment. A spring 43a yieldingly holds the lifting bar 43 directly under the toe of the coupler, as shown clearly in Fig. l. l/Vhen the stop lug 36 is in engagement with the latch 37 the pawl 34 is released from the ratchet 31 and the actuator is locked in its rearmost position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 yof the drawings. Upon the depression of a key the conncted coupler-moving b-ar 43 is raised, thereby forcing upwardly the foot of thecoupler. The inclined surface 17 of the coupler forces rearwardly the trip bar 30, thereby releasing the latch-37 from the stop lug 36. rlhis permits the driving spring to move thel arms 24 and 25 and the connected actuator bar forward. The upward movement ofL the bar 43 has lifted the coupler suflici'ent-- ly to bring the heel thereof directly in front of the actuator bar so that when said bar is released as described, it will engage the coupler bar and throw the ty e bar to the printing point. As. soon as tile '-pawl is released f'rom'the cam the spring throws .it into engagement with the ratchet wheel, 'and thereafter the shaft 32 will-rotate with the ratchet until the stop lug contacts with the latch 37 and the pawl engages the cam 39, whereupon the actuator bar will again be locked in its retracted position. The type bar will be free to return to its positlon of rest .and the coupler will drop to the coupler supporting segment in front of the bar 43. As soon as the .key lever is releasedthe bar 43 .is-drawn downwardly into its proper position below the toe 'of the coupler, as shown clearly in Figure 1 of the drawings. The printing mechanism above described is constructed and operates substantially the same as that shown and described in my aforesaid reissued Letters Patent, except that in the present construction the rebound-preventing means 14-15 provided and the arm 33 is affixed to an 1n dependent shaft 32 in axial alignment with sleeve 47 which carries at its lower end a cross head 48. On the shaft 44 below the 'cross head 48 is rigidly secured a bevel pinion 49, s aid pinion carrying on its uper surface a star detent wheel 50 which 1s adapted to be engaged by a roller 5l mounted on arm 52, said arm being pivoted at 53 and pressed inwardly toward the star wheel by means of spring 54 whereby the detent wheel will be yieldingly held by the roller 51. Connected to the actuator 27 is a link 55, the rear end of said link being connected to lthe cross head 48, as shown clearly in Fig. 8. Pivotally mounted on the cross head 48,'on the opposite side of the shaft 44 from the link connection 55, is a. pawl 56 which normally is spring-pressed against a rigid stop 57, said stop being suitably mounted in the frame-as shown in Fig.

5. and extending upwardly in front of the star wheel 50.l The pawl 56 is provided with a downwardly extending lug 58 which is adapted to be brought into engagement with one of the teeth of the star detent 50 when the crc-ss head 48 is rocked on the shaft 44 through the actuator 27 and the link 55. Normally. and in its at-rest position. the lug 58 is out of the arc of travel of the detent wheel and against the stop 57. To insure the dog engaging a tooth of the star for the type bars is detent when it is drawn rearwardly, a stop pin 59 is carried by the cross head in position to be'engaged by one `edge of the pawlto thereby guide the 1u 58.into engagement with the detent. T e end of the cross head adjacent the pivotal connection of the link 55 is provided with a slot 60, as shown clearly in Fig. 8.

It is manifest that as the cross head 4S is oscillatedthrugh its connection. with the actuator 27, the shaft 44 is given a stepby-step rotary movement through the pawl 56 and the detent wheel 50. It is also clear that this step-by-step rotary movement results in astep-by-step transverse movement of the carriage, by reason of the connection between the' pinion 45 and the carriage rack.

To lock the carriage at each step andto prevent it moving more than one Step, and

-to secure uniform letter spacing, a carriage locking device is mounted in the frame, a portion of -said device being adapted to intermittently engage the carriage rack, an-

other portion being in engagement with the cross head 48 so that it will be operated through-the type bar actuator. To the under side of the transverse frame bar, close to the carriage drive shaft 44, are rigidly secured two depending brackets 62. To .the lower end of these brackets is pivoted an arch-v shaped locking dog 63 which is formed with an upwardly extending rack-engaging tooth 64, said tooth being arranged to vibrate in a slot in the supporting frame, and toibe moved into and out of engagement with the teeth of the rack bar. Pivoted to the outer sides of the brackets 62, near their upper ends, is a U-shaped trip dog 65, the lower end of said dog being provided with a depending pin` 66 which is arranged to fit in the slot 60 of the cross head 48. The upper cross bar of the locking dog 63 is connected by a spring 67 to the, lower cross bar of the trip dog, the point-of connection between the spring and the lookin dog being above the pivots v68 of the trip og, and the oint of connection between the lower end o said spring and the cross bar of the trip dog being below the pivot 69 of the locking dog.

In Fig. 5 the parts of the carriage locking device are shown in the position which they occupy when the type bar actuator is locked in its retracted position. It is to be noted that the rack-engaging tooth 64 of the locking dog is thrown rearward and lfree of the carriage rack, and that the spring is in the rear of the pivotal points of thelocking dog and the trip dog. In Fig. 7 the parts of the locking device are in the position which they assume when the type bar actuator has completed its forward movement. It is to be noted that the cross head 48 has been thrown forwardly and that the trip dog has moved forwardly r11-"h it, thereitjf carrying the spring forward of the pivotal i dog 58 of pawl 56 is points lbetweenthe locking dog and its support and the trip dog and its support so that the tension of the spring tendsto throw both of said dogs forwardly on their pivots and holds the tooth ofthe locknoted that the trip dog must be swung forv wardly suicientlyffa-r to carry the spring forward of the pivot of the locking dog 63,

and Ythat during -this movement the locking 'dog will remain stationary. As soon, however,v as the spring 67 has been carried forward of the pivot 65 the tension of said spring will throw the locking dog forward on its pivot. the cross head will' move sutiicient to operate the star wheel one tooth before the tooth 64 has been snapped into the carriage rack. The movement of the locking tooth must be so timed that it will snap into the carriage rack the instant said rack has .been-A advan`c'ed on'e tooth by the forward movementi of the actuator. 'lhe'locking tooth 64 is ytimed'to snap into the carriage rack just prior to .the blow of the type head on `the platen, so that the platenwill be positively locked at the time of the impact of the type head on the platen. When the actuator returns to its retracted position the tooth 64 of the locking dog will be thrown rearwardly out of engagement with the rack and at the same time the operating pawl 56 will be brought into engagement with the rigid stop 57.

The actuator in its type-bar-impelling movement swings the locking dog into engagement with the carriage rack while the continuously operating motor releases the locking dog from the carriage rack the same time that it retracts the actuator. The actuator on its forward-stroke under the influence of the spring motor first operates means for moving the carriage for letter or word spacing, and then operates means for locking the carriage against movement during the printing operation, and ou its rearward stroke under the influence of the continuously operating motor the actuator releases the locking device from the carriage rack and places it in position for another locking operation througlrthe movement of the actuator` and also restores the carriagemoving means to normal position ready for another letter-spacing operation.

A space key -is provided for operating the carriage feeding means without moving a type bar to the printing position. To the inner end of the space key is connected a vertical bar 71 whose upper end is guided in a suitable slot in the coupler supporting segment 11. The bar 71 is forked at its It is manifest, therefore, that' upper end, thev prongs of the forked por- ,the trip bar 30. Above the cam surface 73 the trip lever extends upwardly to form a lug 74 which is adapted to be swung into the path of the actuator when the trip lever 72 is moved upwardly by the bar 71. The trip lever 72 is vpivoted at its rear end to the lower end of a forwardly and rearwardly swinging arm 75, a spring 76 normally tending to throw the trip lever 72 downwardly and maintaining it at rest upon the coupler supporting segment 11. A spring 77 tends toswing the arm 75 rearwardly. In. operation the depression of the space key moves the bar 71 upwardly to engage lug 72 and causes the trip lever 72 to actuate the trip bar 30. The upward movement of the trip lever places the lug 74 in the path of the actuator.v Upon the release of the actuator it contacts with the lug 74 and throws it downwardly and forwardly, free of the trip bar, so that upon the retraction of the actuator the latch devices 36 and 37V will properly engage and lock the actuator in its retracted position in the manner described. Vhen the trip lever is free of the actuator it is thrown by its spring 76 downwardly to vthe coupler supporting segment, and 1is then drawn rearwardly by means of the springs 77 and 76. lVhen the bar 7 2 is thrown forwardly by theactuator the lug 72 will drop in front of the bar 71, and as the trip bar is drawn rearwardly by its springs, the bar 71 will also move rearwardly in its guide slot, but its spring 71a will draw it downwardly until it is free of the lug 72a. The bal' 7l will then be in its normal position below the lug 72a.

On the main drive shaft 7 are loosely -mounted two bevel gears 78 and 79 which mesh with the beveled pinion 49 on the carriage drive shaft. On the shaft 7 between the gears 78 and 79 is secured, b v means of a Ikey and key-way, a slidable head 80, said head carrying clutch members 8l and 82 which are adapted to be brought into engagement with the inner surfaces of the gears 78 aud 79 to frictionally lock either one of said goals to the drive shaft. A bellcrank lever 83 is pivoted at 84 and carries a roller 83a which bears on the clutch membels 8l and 82. The lever 83 is arranged to be shifted on its pivot by a suitably arranged key 83" to cause the. roller 88 to bear on one or the other of the clutch members 81-82 to cause the engaged member to `from the star Wheel whenever one of rot-ate its gear. The purpose of this construction is to rotate the carriage driving gear 45 in either direction in order to shift the carriage by a running movement from one side to the other of the machine frame. This carriage shifting mechanism is more fully described in my copending application Serial No. 188,772.

Mounted in the machine frame is a transverse rock shaft 85 which is provided with a forwardly extending cam arm 86. This cam arm is adapted to engage a notch in the lower end of a lever 87, the upper end of said lever engaging the edge of the arm 52 and serving to releasethe locking roll 51 the gears 78 and 79 is locked to the drive shaft. This permits the free rotation of the carriage driving pinion. The equivalent of th is mechanism also is fully described in my copending application hereinbefore referred to, Serial No. 188,772.

A series of carriage stops 90 are mounted in the machine frame, and are adapted to be lifted by keys 91 into the path of the carriage dog 92 to stop the carriage at any desired point in its transverse travel. The rock-shaft 93, and the connected parts 94, 95 and 96 are a part of a case shift mechanism which forms no part of this invention and need not be fully describedyherein.

The printing mechanism per se is claimed in my aforesaid Patent No. 1,455,112 and Reissue No. 15,640. The carriage letterspacing means, carriage locking means, and the means for imparting running movements to the carriage, have certain features in common with the mechanisms shown and described in my Patents No. 1,469,777 and No. 1,469,778, dated October 9, 1923, wherein said common subject matter is broadly claimed.

The nature and scope of the invention having been thus indicated and one of its embodiments having been specifically described, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven type-bar actuator, means for moving the carriage letter-spacing from said actuator, means for locking the carriage against movement also operated by said actuator, and independent motor means for restoring the actuator to retracted position and unlocking the carriage-locking device.

2. ln a typewriting machine, mechanism for driving the carriage embodying a shaft carrying a pinion engaging a rack on the carriage, and an independent mechanism for feeding the carriage for letter spacing through the medium of said pinion, this latter mechanisn'i being operated by the typebar actuating mechanism and embodying a frictionally-operating detent device for accurately determining the feeding distance.

I5. ln a typcwriting machine, mechanism Aa pinion,

through the medium of the mechanism forV for driving the carriage embodying a shaft carrying a pinion engaging a rack on the carriage, and an independent mechanism for feeding the carriage for letter spacing through the medium of said pinion, this latter mechanism being operated by the type-bar actuating mechanism and embodying a frictionally-operating device consisting of a detent Wheel and a spring-actuated roller frictionally engaging the depressions in said wheel.

4. In a typewriting machine, a carriagefeeding device embodying a shaft carrying means for rotating this shaft operating the type-bar, said means embodying a star detent wheel, a pawl device for engaging the teeth thereof to rotate the saine, and a spring-pressed roller for engaging between the teeth of the Wheel to accurately determine the feed of the carriage.

5. In a typewriting machine, a carriagefeed embodying a shaft'and pinion, means for rotating said shaft from the writing mechanism, said means embodying a star detent wheel affixed-to said shaft, a crosshead or lever journaled on said shaft adjacent to said star wheel, an`actuating member connected to one end of said cross-head, a pawl connected to the other end of said cross-head and adapted to engage the teeth of the detent wheel, a frictional means for engaging the detent wheel to hold it accurately in its adjusted positions, and a carriage-locking device engaged by said cross-head.

6.*In a typewriting machine,'a carriagefeeding mechanism, and a carriage-locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism and embodying a pair of oppositelyswinging members connected by a spring, one of said members being adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same and the other being connected to the carriage-feeding mechanism.

7. A typewriting machine comprising a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable type bar actuator, and means operated during each forward type bar operating stroke of said actuator to move the carriage one full letter space and then to lock the carriage during the printing operaton. 0

8. A typewriting machine comprising a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable type bar actuator, means operated by the forward type bar operating stroke of said actuator ward position, key-operated means for releasing said actuator, and means operated by the forward stroke of the actuator to first move a paper carriagey a -u'l-l letter space and to then lock the carriage during the printing operation.- y

10. A typewriting machine'comprising a horizontally reciprocable type bar actuator, means for locking said actuator in its rearward position, key-operated means for releasing said actuator, and means operated by the ,forward strokeof the actuator to first movea paper carriage a full letter space and to then lock thefcarriage durin the printing,e operation, said last mentloned means ing` operated by the return rearward-movement of the actuator to release the carriage. y p

11. The combina-tion with a bank of key levers, ayreciprocable actuating bar, means operatedby said actuator for moving a paper carriage a full letter space during each advance stroke of the actuator and advancing the actuator, a rotary motor,-

means adapted to be operated by said motor riage, means for moving Athe carriage. for

to retract' the actuator, said meansvoperato ing independently of the keys, means automatically disconnecting said actuator from the motor, and locking it in its retracted lposition, and means operable by anyA one of the key levers to release the actuator locking means. c

' 12. The combinationrwith a bank of key levers, a reciprocable actuator, a platen carletter spacing from s aid actuator, means distinct from said carriage-moving means for locking` the carriage against movement also operated lby said actuator, spring means for advancing the actuator to operate the carriage moving and locking means, a rotary motor, means operable by said motor to retract the actuator to unlock the carriage, means operable by the actuator-advancing means to connect the actuator to the rotary motor, .means automatic-ally disconnecting said' actuator from the motor and locking it in its retracted position, and means operable byany one of the keys to release the actuator locking means.

13. In a typewriting .machina a platen carriage, a series of key levers, a reciproeating actuator, -force feed letter-spacing means operated by said actuator for moving the carriage step by step full letter-spaces during advance movements only of the artuator, a yieldable power means for advancing kthe actuator to operate the letter-spacing means, a constantly operating motor means to retract the actuator against its moving means, means operating,automatically and independently of the release of the key levers to connect the actuator to the constantly operating motor means, means to lock the actuator in its retracted position, and means operable by any one of they keys to release f the actuator.

14. In a typewriting machine, a pla-ten carriage, key levers, a reciprocating actuator, means operated 'by sai-d actuator on each advance movement thereof for moving the carriage a full letter-space and then locking Ithe carriage, a yleldable power means for advancing the actuator, a constantly operating motor to retract the actuator against its moving means and release the carriage, means'to lock the actuator in its retracted position, means operable by any one of the keys to release the actuator, and means to connect the actuator to the constantly operatin motor after the carriage moving and ocking means has been operated.

15. In a typewriting machine, key levers, an actuator, means operated by said actuator during movements of the actuator in one direction only for moving the carriage step by step full letter-spaces, yieldable means for advancing the actuator, a superior power mea-ns For retracting the actuator, an automatically operati-ng make-andbreak connection between said superior l power means and the actuator, means for locking the actuator in its retracted position when the connection between said actuator and superior power means is broken,

and a release means for said locking'means adapted to be operated by said key levers.

16. In atypewriting machine, a motordriven carriage-feed and motor-driven means for locking the carriage at the end of the feeding. movement comprising a quick-acting member adapted tobe springactuated into the feed-rack` at the end of the feed movement of the carriage.

17. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-bar-actuator, a carriage feeding mechanism operated thereby and cmbodying a spring-actuated pivoted pawl, a friction'ally-held detent-wheel, and a member for holding said pawl out of engagement with the detcnt-wheel While said typebar-actuator is at rest.

18. In a typewriting machine, a motordriven carriage running and'lettcr-spacing mechanism embodying a pinion and means for driving it continuously in either direction. a shaft carrying this pinion, another pinion on the'shaft engaging a rack on the carriage, an oscillating` cross-head ymounted on said shaft and rockable thereon, a detent-Wheel carried by said shaft, a pawl carried on one end ofsaid cross-head and adapted to engage said detcnt-wheel to rotate the same and thus letter-space the cary riage, and a spring-actuated type-bar-actuator connected to the other end ot' said cross-head.' for the purpose set. forth.

19. In a typewriting machine, a forwardly and rearwardly reciproeable type bar actuator, and means operating during the forward working stroke of the actuator to iirst move the carriage laterally a full letterspace, and then locking the carriage during the printing operation, said means being operated to ielease the carriage when the actuator is moved rearwardly.

20. Inatypewriting machine, key levers, a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, carriage feeding means adapted to be operated by said actuator on its forward stroke to first move the carriage a full letter space and to then lock the carriage during the printing operation, a yieldable power means for advancing the actuator, a constantly operating motor means to retract the actuator against its moving means, means to lock the actuator in its retracted position, and means operable by the keys to release the actuator.

21. In a typewriting machine, a -platen carriage, key levers, a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, 'carriage feeding means adapted to be operated by said actuator on its forward stroke to first move the carriage a full letter-space and to then lock the carriage\during the printing operation, a yieldablelpower means for advancing the actuator, a constantly operating motor means to retract the actuator against its moving means and release the carriage, meansto lock the actuator in its retracted position, means operable by the keys to release the actuator and means to connect the carriage to the constantly operating motor to run the carriage in either direction.

22. In a tvpewriting machine, a carriage, a rack, a pinion engaging said rack, a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, means adapted to be operated by said actuator torrotate said pinion step-by-step to move the carriage for letter spacing, said means operating to move the carriage a full letter spa( e on the forward stroke of the actuator, a yieldable power means for advancing the actuator, a constantly operating motor means for retracting lthe actuator against its moving means, means to lock the actuator in its retracted posit-ion, and keys to release the actuator. I

23. In a typewr1ting machine, a carriage,

Aa rack, a p1n1on engaging said rack, a forwardly .and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, means adapted to be operated by said aetuator to rotate said pinion step-by-step to move the carriage one full letter-space ata time, said means operating to letter-space the carriage only on the forward stroke of the actuator, a yieldable power means for advancing the actuator, a constantly opera-ting motor means for retracting the actuator against its moving means, means to lock the actuator in its retracted position, keys to release the actuator, and means to connect the carriage to the constantly operating motor to run the carriage in either direction.

24. In a typewriting machine, a carriage feeding mechanism and a carriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism and embodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said members being adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocable actuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feeding mechanism to move said carriage for letter spacing, and means connecting one of the said oppositely swinging members to said actuator to swing the locking member into engagement with the carriage at the completion of the letter spacing movement thereof.

25. In a typewriting machine, a carriage feeding mechanism and a carriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism and embodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said members being adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocable actuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feeding mechanism tomove said carriage for letter` spacing, means connecting one of the said oppositely swinging members to said acy tuator to swing the locking member into engagement with the carriage at the completion of the letter spacing movement thereof, and a spring connecting said two members together whereby when the actuator has completed its letter spacing movement the spring will snap one of the oppositely swinging members into engagement with the carriage to lock it.

26. In a typewriting machine', a carriage feeding mechanism and a carriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism and embodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said members being adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocable actuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feeding mechanism to move said carriage for letter spacing, means connecting one of the said oppositely swinging members to said actuator to swing the locking member into engagement with thecarriagwat the completion of the letter spacing movement thereof, a spring connecting said two members together whereby when the actuator has completed its letter spacing movement'the spring will snap one of the -'oppositely swinging members into engagement with the carriage and to also snap it out of. engagement with the carriage when the lother part is actuated.

28. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator actuated by a spring-motor on its working stroke, a rotary-motor for retract-Y ing the actuator, and a carriage-feed mechanism operating to feed the carriage a full letter-space during one of the strokes 'of the actuator and actuated during its carriagefeeding movement by power derived from the motor causing said stroke of the actuator. v

29. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator anda motor for actuating vit to move a type-bar to printing position, a superior power motor for retracting the typebar-actuator, a latching mechanism for holding the actuator in its retracted position, minting-key-operated means for releasing the latching mechanism, and independent space-key mechanism for releasing the latch Without putting a type-bar into action, and means forv feeding the 'carriage a full letterspace during each movement of the actuator by said first-mentioned motor.

30. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator, a motor for imparting its actuating stroke and another motor for retracting it,.and means actuated from the actuator for feeding the carriage a full letter-space during each stroke imparted to the actuator by one of said motors only.

This specification signed this twentyseventh day of August A. D. 1917.

. MANSFIELD C. CRAWLEY

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