US1587564A - Process of the manufacture of gas - Google Patents

Description

June 8 1926. 1,587,564

M. W. TRAVERS ET AL PROCESS OF THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS Filed June 12, 1924 INVENTORS: MORRIS WILLIAM TRAVERS, a Y FRANK WILLIAM CLARK,

By the ir Attorneys li atented June 8, WZd.

inc-ants wInLmr/r rsavnns,

mrenann, Assienons 'ro anennn 1 QFFWE;

0F MANCHESTER ENGLA'NI).

Application 01* LONDON,

AND FRANK WILLIAM CLARK, 0]? LYMM,

RATIVE COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEM, LIMITED,

rno'onss or THE MANUFACTURE or ass.

filed June 1t, 19%, Serial No. 719,585, and in Great Britain June 29, 1923.

The invention which is described in our copending application for Patent Serial No.

In the one stage tom of the apparatus is blown into the hotand coke contained in air the lower part or gasification chamber of the apparatus and produced by the carbonization of coal or like material in the upper part or carbonization chamber is thus heated as in the usual procedure during'tl-le blow period of water gas manufacture, the

blow gas passing through the coke and out through orifices in paratus between the gasl the walls of the apfication and carbonization chambers; when the temperature of the coke has been sufliciently raised the air 1s out off, and in the other stage steam is admitted to the bottom of the gasification chamber or it may befor short periods to the top of thegasification chamber, and during the ,run

the water gas produced in the gasification chamber is allowed to travel through the coal in the carbonization chambcr. Such a process yields gas of the nature of city gas and containing only a small proportion of nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

According to that invention we force some of the gas which leaves the upper part of the carbonization through a regenerator viously heated by liver the gas so he chamber during the run which has been preblow gas and dcto the lower part of the ated the carbonization chamber.

According to the present invention we enrich the gas so manufactured by passing a portion thereof, which has been regenerativcly a hydrocarbon oil The invention is panying drawing,

heated, through a chamber which has been heated by the blow gases and into which is introduced.

illustrated by the accomwhich is a diagrammatic view in elevation of plant for carrying out the process of the former specification with theraddition of a carburetting or enriching chamber. In this diagram A and B the gasification chamration chamber is the carbonihcr. C is a passage through which the blow gases pass from B orator provided ondary air admitting air {UN to the bottom of a regen- I) filled with brick checln i'work and with a stack valve S and a secinlet W. U and V are valves for l steam respectively l eneath the chamber B. During the run gas passes from the top of chamber A through a scrubber K and condenser L past a valve It to the main H which leads to a gas holder. From a convenient point in the main H a by-pass leads to a circulator G adapted to force some of the gas from the main past a valve Q to the top of the regenerator I). All these parts are for carrying out the process of the former application. E is the enriching chamber which, like the regenerator, is filled with brick checkerwork and communicates by a passage Z with the regenerator I). In the bottom of the chamber E is a secondary air inlet Y by which air can be introduced to complete the combustion of the blow gas as it passes up from the chamber E to the stack valve '1. X'is a sprayer by which oil can be introduced into the chamber E from the top of which a pipe N leads to a wash box M from which the enriched gas issues to a cooler U and so through a valve P to a point in the main between the intake of the circulator G and the gas holder. In operating the plant the valves P, Q, and R, areiirst closed, the stack valves S and T and the air-blast valve U are opened and air is blown into B till .the temperature ot the fuel is raised sufficiently for the production of water by subsequent steaming. During this operation the blow gas, containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, passes through the channel G and is distributed through the vessels 1) and E in proportions which can be regulated by restricting the openings oi" S and T. Secondary air may be admitted at \V and Y. Thus the temperatures to which the vessels 1) and l) are raised. during the blow period can be ('()1l trolled and regulated. I

At the end of the blow period the secondary air is cut ofi' at W and Y and the air blast valve U is closed. 'The steam valve V is opened, the stack valves S and T are closed, and the valves 1 and R are opened. The circulator Gr is set in motion, the valve Q is opened, and ,oil is sprayed into E by the sprayer X. The water gas generated in B passes upwards through the coal in A, and with the gas produced by the distillation of the coal passes through the scrubber K and the condenser L to the main II. Some of this gas is forced by the circulator C to the it, bein heated in the process. The stream of gas ivides at the bottom of the regenerator. Part of it enters the bottom of the carbonizationchamber A through the channel C and channel Z into the bottom of the carburetor .E and flows upwards together with the sprayed oil, which, in contact with the hot brick work, and by the action of the hydrogen in the gas, is converted into permanent hydrocarbon gas. The enriched gas passes through the pipe N, the wash box M, the'cooler O and the valve 1 to the main H, and as the quantity of gas passing the valve P can be controlled, the quantity of gas entering the carburetor E is also under control.

As during the gasification period there is a continuous flow of gas from left to'right in the diagram along the main H the enriched gas cannot travel in the contrary direction, and the gas taken in by the circulator consists only of coal gas diluted with water gas. Only gas of this character is used for the regenerative heating of the coal in the carbonization chamber, and the enriched gas is subjected only to the temperature which is maintained in the carburetor, and not to the higher temperature which it may be necessary to maintain at the bottom of the carbonization chamber in order to work this part of theplant at its maximum efficiency. Further the quantity of gas circulated is quitegindependent of the quantity of gas passing through the carburetor.

What we claim is 1. A process for the manufacture of gas which consists in blowing air through hot coke, the blow gases thereby produced being caused to pass through a regenerator, blow ing steam through the incandescent coke. passin the water gas thereby produced throng coal, forcing some of the mixed water and coal gas thereby produced through the regenerator, passing some of the gas thus heated in the regenerator directly through the coal, and enriching the remainder of such heated gas by oil.

'2. A process for the manufacture of gas which consists in blowin air through hot coke, the blow gases there y produced being part of it passes through thesome of the mixed water and coal gas thereby produced through the regenerator, delivering some of the gas thus heated in the regenerator directly to the bottom of the coal, and passing the remainder of such heated gas through a chamber which has been heated by the blow gases and into which enriching oil is introduced.

3. A process for the manufacture of gas which consists in blowing air through hot coke, the blow gases thereby produced being caused to pass through a regenerator,blowing steam through the incandescent coke, pass ing the water gas thereby produced through coal,- forcing come of'the mixed water and coal gas thereby produced through the regenerator, passing some of the gas thus heated in the regenerator directly through the coal, enriching the remainder of such heated gas by oil, and mixing the gas thus enriched with the remainder of the gas formed by passing the water gas through the coal.

4. A process for the manufacture of gas which consists in blowing air through hot coke, the blow gases thereby produced being caused to pass through a regenerator and being burnt therein, the incandescentfcoke, passing the water gas thereby produced through coal, forcing some'of the mixed water and coal gas thereby produced through the regenerator, delivering some of the gas thus heated in the regenerator directly to the bottom of the coal, passing the remainder of such heated gas through a chamber which has been heated by the blow gases and into which oil is introduced, and mixing the gas thus ,en riched with the remainder of the gas formed by passing the water gas through the coal.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention We have signed our names this 5th day of May 1924, and this 30th day of May 1924, respectively.

MORRIS WILLIAM WILLIAM CLARK blowing steam through

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