US1585635A - Paving composition - Google Patents

Description

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Patented May 25, 1926.

umrso S'TATESH-PATENT OFFlCE.

aosnrn HAY AMIES, or PHIllJADELPHIA, rnnnsvrvhnra.

PAVING COMPOSITION No Drawing. Application filed April 4, 1924, Serial No. 704,251; Renewed November 1.9, 1925.

The object of this improvement-is to produce the herein specified composition, to be employed, particularly, in the formation of sub-foundations, for street and highway constructions. It may, however, be used for flooring, roofing, and the like.

It can be placed upon any stapdard road foundation. 1 l In accomplishing the results desired, it should be particularly noted, that very great, if not perfect condensation, can be secured in soil, when treated as herein described. Owing to the character and dispostion of soil, all air and gases may be expelled, completely, because, soils will sulficiently inter-amalgamate and associate. It has been found that the voids in soil may be reduced, under heavy compression, to less than five per cent, whilst in brokp, stone and sand bituminous compositions, 1t has been found to be practically impossible to reduce the voids to less than twenty-six per cent. I y

It should be particularly noted, that the fine grade, must be fully steadfast. If it expands and contracts, the highway will lift and sink, from-time to time. This is caused by the assumption of water and the draining oif, thereof. If in a given'space, of the highway base, one ton of water is held at a given time, and at another given time, justafter a copious rain fall, it holds ten tons of water, the bottom base of the grade will swell, and lift the entire superstructure, of the highway, until the water drains off, and then the bottom grade will retire to its normal situation, whilst' the super-structure may only retire partly down to the bottom grade, leaving depression and unevenness at the bottomjof the sub-foundation of the highway, which will express themselves upon the wearing surface of the street or road. This is because water is practically incompressible and will occupy, persistently, one cubic foot of space for about every sixty-two pounds of water. Water on this account causes the bottom grade soil to swell and expandpowerfully and lift. the road super-structure. Ordinary drainage will not provide against this a destructive agent.

It is to be observed that in the construc tion of a highway, great satisfaction and convenience would be enjoyed ina concrete sub-structure, devised to secure an im mediate setting. In that case, traffic could proceed without inconvenience, as

soon as the road construction should have been finished. This would also be the means of preventing considerable additional 0 cost, as compared to-a concrete sub-structure that ,mustbe allowed many days, and perhaps several weeks, to allow for setting, as is the case in the instance of What is called re-enforced concrete highways.

, The herein described composition will immediately, harden and serve at once as. a sub-foundation for any type of wearing surface,

T will now describe, in particular, my 9 present composition adapted to give the foregoing stated desired results. I take local soil and place it in asuitable standard mixing machine. The mixing machine should be adapted to work the saidsoil amount of water, secured from the deep ground where it is held and secreted, and therefore, usually, the soil, in its natural condition, provides all the moisture required in making my herein described composition. Usu ally, water, employed in making standard concretes, when carried from considerable distances, costs from ten to fifteen per cent of the total. expense of manufac-.

turiirg the c'oncretes'; because the quantity of water used in manufacturing standard con'cretes is equal to the bulk of the Port.- land cement employed. When the foregoing results have been secured, ll add to each three measures of the finely maceratedsoil within the mixer, about one measure 105 of the calcined sulphateof calcium. The object of the. mixing at this point, is to get a very intimate, inter-associated and amalgamated concrete composition, and the contents of the mixer, by tlus time, no should be in sem dry state, and ready to Soil Q will become fully macerated by the action accept very heavy compression resulting in the forming of a very solid unyielding, semi-collodial, sub-foundation, before the initial setting will have begun. ,The particular advantage derived from this process,

is, that this composition will become immediately very tough and unyielding. Little time need be extended to it before applying thereto any type of wearing surfacing. It may be, at once, given over to general trafiic.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and of particular advantage is:

The herein described paving composition consisting of natural soil mixed in the proportion of about three measures of water dampened soil with about one measure of calcined sulphate of calcium, for the purposes as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

JOSEPH HAY AMIES.