US1578012A - Method and apparatus for treating hair - Google Patents

Description

March 23 1926. 1,578,012

F. cAPDl-:vlLA

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATINGV HAIR Filed Nov. 28, 1922 2 sheets-sheet 1 @minimum INVENTR J6 M (274ML BY v 54 f 7 M bu@ mWvfM lf/JATTORNEYS March 23,1926. 1,578,012

I F. CAPDEVILA A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING HAIR Filed Nov. 28, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W 45 45 4 Z/ 5f rw @fw 4f A TTORNE Y Panarea 192e'.

4UNITED STATES iarrsia'r OFFICE.

FRANK CAIDEVILA, f' NEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD .um Armimuus Fon TBEATING Application led November 28, 1922.'A Serial No. 603,738.

T0 all whom'z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANK CAPDEVILA, a subjectk of the King of Spain, residing at 248 West 45th Street, New York city, in the county lof New York, State' of New York,

have invented certain new and useful-Improvementsin Methods and Apparatus for Treating Hair; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such asy will en able others skilled in the art to which it ap- Y pertains to make and use the same.

. This invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating hair and is directed particularly to the provision of certain imy provements in the method and apparatus for treatinfy hair which is at resent in use for producmg what is common y known as perlmanent waving7 of the hair.

Permanent waving. ofthe hair is accomplished by winding itinto tight curls and subjecting these to the action of heat and a suitable reagent until the curls become set.

Then when the hair is released and combed vout it takes on the desired wavy appearance.

- Heretofore permanent waving of the hair has been produced in the following manner.

' That portion of the patients hair which it is desired to treat is first separated into av number of tresses. These tresses lare then V individually wound u on a device called a curling stick, usual y in the form of a slender metallic rod, and firmly bound, with twine, to each end. of the curling stick. VEach tress thus: wound, or otherwise arranged upon a curling stick, is called a curl. The

curl is'wrapped completely with a strip of' y' soft cloth soaked in a solution of some appropriate'rcagent, and when so wrapped a nearest the scalp is bound as tightly as postube of fibrous material, usually paper, is placed overv it; The end of the'paper tube sible to the tress to prevent the steam, which v is formedlater on when the heat is applied, from coming in contact with the scalp and thoroughly .Steam the hat` afar the `amat cation of the heat for a'suicient length of time to cause the setting of the curls the heaters, paper tubes, etc., are removed from the tresses, which, when they are combed out, possess the wavy effect desired.

This method of treating hair, as well as the apparatus employed, possesses certain disadvantages. Itis very ditiicultto apply the paper tubes to the tresses so eiectlvel that hot steam will not escape from the interior of the tubes vand cause burning of the scalp. Sometimes the inner end of the tube is moistened so as to nsoften it and make it. possible to bring the tube into closer contact with the hair; and sometimes the paper tubes are provided with an extension of cx,-

tremely tough, but more'pliable, paper than the thick pasteboard tube, which also makes it easier to bind ythe tube securely to the hair. Various forms of shields, referred t above, are placed next to the scalp, but even when the utmost precautionsI are taken it occasionally happens that a patient is more or less seriously burned by(` the steam from Asome of vthese paper tubes.

so f

This method of treating hair is also ex? I tremely slow and is, in addition, uncomfortable for the patient. The hair. which it is desired to curl has to be divided into a certainnumber of tresses, sometimes as many.

as fifty. Then each of these tresses -must' be Wound and all of the' paper tubes must be' applied before any of thetubes can be inserted into the electric heaters which are suspended from the ceiling by means of cords, to which counterbalance weights are secured. -Thisnecessitates that.the weight of all of these curls encased in the paper tubes must be supported by the head of the vpatient until the winding of the entire number is completed, and as the weight of each completely prepared curl is quite appreciable the total weight is suliicient to cause considerable discomfort and even pain.

It is Vinconvenient not to cul the` whole length ofY tress whether it is desired to do y so or not inasmuch as according to the present method, the entire tress is necessarily" \enclosed within the paper tube. Somearrangements for protecting the outer portion aof the curl from the steam by means of a nonv heat-conductivek Vpad have been iproposed. In these schemes, however, some eat is bound to aect the portion of the curl which it: is desired toprotectfrom it and the result, "therefore 1S" not ehtlrely Saus@ los factory. A further disadvantage of the present method is\that it is impossible to make the wave in the hair commence as close to the scalp as desired for the reason that the binding of the paper tube to the tress by means of twine consumes a considerable length of hair in order to make the necessary tight fit between the tube and hair.

It is desirable to devise a method and apparatus by which the above described difcultics will be obviated in so far as possible, and the present invention provides a method in which, after winding the tress upon the curling stick in the usual manner, a portion of the tress so wound, or the entire curl as desired, is placed Within a closed treatment chamber provided with pads moistened with a reagent suitable to promote the curling of the hair. Heat is vthen applied to the tresses or curls thus enclosed. That portion of the tress which it is desired to curl, and only that portion, is exposed to a heated zone, so that where the hair has been previously waved Pand has grown out, leaving a portion of unwaved hair adjacent the scalp,

vonly this unwaved portion need be treated again.

The treatment lcasing may beadapted to receive only one curl, or 1t may accommodatel any number found convenient and thus the tresses may be wound in groups, each group being placed in the treatment chamber as soon as it is wound, and the treatment casing immediately secured to a suspended heating device to remove the weight from the patients head. The result ofthis procedure is to .do away with thc greater part of the discomfort to the patient because, not only is the weight of the tresses removed from the patients head almost iinmediately after each tress is wound, but also the weight of each curl, orV wound tress, is materially reduced by reason of the fact that the heavy paper or libre tubes are dispensed with. Means are provided in my novel treatment casing for preventing the passage of heat through the front face thereof to the scalp, which is in close proximity to this face, as well as for preventing the escape of heat to the scalp at the openings where the tresses enter the casing.

As a further precaution against the scalding heat reaching the scalp I provide a novel combined shield and curl-spacing gauge which is applied to the' scalp prior to the application ot they treatment casing.'

After the tresses are prepared and inserted within the treatment casing, heat is applied to the fiat surfaces of the treatment casing in any appropriate manner, however, I prefer to apply heat by means of an electric heater made in two -sections so arranged and hinged together that it may be easily applied to the treatment casing, one section in cony tact with each dat surface of the treatment casing. Both the heater and the treatment casings are made of material which is a relatively good conductor of heat so that the heat will easily be conducted from the heaters through the walls of the treatment casing to cause the vaporization of the liquid contained in the moistened pads. As these pads are in intimate contact with the curls,

the desired heat` will be effectively applied to the hair.

If it is desired to treat an extremely long tress the ordinary paper tube is applied to the outer end of the vcurl which extends through openingsin the outer face of the treatment casing and the heat from the treatment casing will pass out into the paper tube and sufficiently heat the portion of the tress contained therein. If it is desired to treat only tresses of relatively short length they will be contained entirely within the treatment casing and the use of these tubes is unnecessary.

The invention further comprises the novel structure andl combination of parts described below, for a clear understanding of which reference will be made to the accompanying drawings Ain which:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in transverse section and partly in elevation of the complete apparatus assembled in position upon a persons head.

Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the appara-tus shown in Fig. 1 taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away for thesake of clcarness.

Flgqpis a view in elevation looking at the rear of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a pla-n view of the combined shield and curl-spacing gauge.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view drawn tolan enlarged scale to show the joints between the sections of the treatment casing.

Fig. 6 is a View in transverse section-taken on line 6w-6 of Fig. 2. y

Fig. 7 is a transverse section, taken on line 7-7 0f Fig. 6, to show how the front faces of the casing are pressed together automatically by closing the casing. i

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective of the sections of the curl-treating casing separated from each other to show details of their construction.

Figs. 9 and 10 are respectively a plan view and an end view of the treatment casing and heater assembled together.

Figs. 11-13 inclusive, are detail views to illustrate a clamp havingdouble cam surfaces for securing the sections/ot the casing together;

Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view showing the use of a paper tube in conjunction with the treatment casingwhen it is desired to treat the entire curl.

Referring now to these drawings and especally t0 l and 2, the hair 13 having p entire head -of hair comprises a. series of the been gathered from the scalp 14 into a/seriesof t-resses'l is wound tightly upon curling sticks 16 in the usual manner, form-- ing a series of curls 17. These curls 17 have been laid within the treatment casing 18 so that a portion of each curl adjacent thein order that theyvmay not be exposed to the action of the heat. An electric heater 21, comprising sections 22 and 23,-is clamped about the treatment casing 18 in operative position to supply heat thereto. This heater is supported by the electric supply Wires 24 which pass through the bail 25 attached to the heater at points near the transverse center of gravity of the assembled structure so that it will suspend itself-in the desired position approximately as shown in Fig. 1. The supply wires 24 are-in the formof a flexible cord which passes over a. pulley -(not shown) attached to an appropriate support and provided with weights as usual. The complete apparatus forthe treating of an treatment casings and heaters just de scribed, the number of Whichwill depend upon .the maximum number of tresses which it,is desired to treat. In the particular instance which I havechosen for. illustration the treatment chamber is adapted to receive four tresses so that if it were desirable to provide for the treatment of a maximum of fifty tresses it would be necessary to have twelve of these treatment casings and Y telescope one within the other us shown in .Figs 1, 7 and 8.

lThis casing is, in 'the preferred form' of my invention, formed with its inner face 28 substantially conform'- ing to the shapeof the head. The depth of the casing fronigthe inner or front face 28 tothe outeror rear face 29 is chosen so as to accommodate the average lengthl of curl which it is desired to treat. .v

The lower section 26 of the treatment casing-is provided Witha series of marginal slots2-`l30 in the front face 31, and a correspending series of marginal slots 32 in the rear face 33, the purpose of these slois being to receive the curls 17. The -upper Isection of thetreatmeat casing is als provlded Wlth a round the tresses 15.

seriesmf marginal slots 34 which :are so 1ocated in its inner or curved face 35 as to register' with Vslots 30 when section 27 is `placed upon section'26, and as this is 'done,

slots 34 coact with slots 30 to entirely sur- 'lo increase the area of contact-between'lthe'. surfaces of the co- -acting slots 30 and 34 and the hair of the tresses passing' through them, the slots may be angularly disposed as shown in Fig. 8.

Inorder to secure a tight joint between I the surface of these slots and .the tresses 15, the metal walls 37 (Figf) forming thefaces 3l and 35, ofwsections 26, and 27 respectively, vare enveloped with a heat in-` sulatin'g and relatively "yielding material fis shown in detail-in Fig. 5, from vwhich it is seen that the hair comes in contact only with -the relatively yielding heat insulating mate rial 36 van never touches the metal 37. This figure also shows the relative position. of faces 31 and 35 when the top section 27 is telescoped into the bottom section 26 in which position the outer surface of face 35 of the top section is pressed against the inner surface of face 31 of the lower sectibn.

These surfaces are automatically pressed against each other as 'the casing sections are telescoped one within the other, by means of the cam surface 38 (Fig. 7 and 8) cooperating with'the upper edge of the rear vface. of the section 26 at the points 39.

Double cam clamps 61 (Figs. I1, 12 and 1 3) are also provided to assistin securing a enter the treatment casing. These clamps, stamped out of sheet metal, are fastened tol .upper section 27 by rivets 62 about'which they may be rotated by means of handles 63. Projections 6 4 from the metal face 37 of secalsv steam tight fit about the tresses Where they tion 26 extend through the heat insulation 36 into operative relationy with the double cam surfaces 65 of clamps 61. These double cam surfaces 65 have two portions; portion 66 13) which is constructed to cause this axis.A These two devices therefore, i. e.

cams 38 and clamps 61, afford ample means both for holding faces 31 and 35 .securelyA together ,to preyent the escape of steam between them, and, as well, for clamping slots 30 and '34 around the tresses, to prevent leakage of steam there;

A .Wiudcw 40 may be prvided in one surface of the treat-ment casing through which the progress pf the treatment process `may be la observed, and the rear face of upper section 27 is provided with a depending flange 41V which extends downwardly to partially close the slots 32. Relatively shallow slots 32 (Fig. 8) may be cut in the edge of this flange 41 to register with slots 32 if desired,

but the closeness of the fit of the openings formed bythe coaction of slots 32 and flange 41 aroundvthe curls is not ofimportance because if the fit is relatively loose it'will allow for the escape of vapor or steam from the casing when the heat is applied. As a further means of allowing for the escape of steam, vent. holes 42 may be made in the cover 27 adjacentthe lower` ends of the curls /where considerable 'moisture is likely to accumulate and steam form.

By referring now to Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings we may see the relative positionofthe various parts. of the apparatus andthe construction of the electric heater.- The curls 17 on the .curling sticks 1G are here shown in intimate contact and substantiallv surrounded by, pads of cloth, felt or the like, which are moistened with .a' suitable l a relatively large amount o't treating agent, and which are placed. one in,V

the bottom and one in the top of sections 26 and 27. A s before mentioned, the electric heater comprises two sections 22 and 23 ot metal, hinged together at 44 so as to clamp the treatment casing between the heater sections. Each of these heater' sections is provided with heating coils 45 of any appropriate construction, but usually consisting ot some well known resistance wire wound about a mica support and having mica sheets 46 to insulate vthe layers of coils from each ether and from the metal casing. TheseI heatingcoils are disposed close to the inner surfaces of each heating section 22 and 23 and a packing 47 ot some nonheat-conductingmaterial, such as asbestos, is disposed on .the outside ot each of the heating coils.

7 ith this construction of heater and with the walls of the heater sections 22 and 23 made 01" some good heat conductingk material .such as aluminum a maximum amount of heat will be transmitted through the inner and thelieater sections 22 and 23 open byv swinging about the hinge 44 'to receive. the treatment chamber I1,8. Upon the 'release Qf pressure upon handles 48 the spring 49 will cause the heater to clamp the treatment easf ing between the heater sections and hold it there by friction. However, to insurethat the treatmentcasingdoes not accidentally disen age itself from the clamp heater dur: ing t e treatment process, tongues 50 are provided on each of the heater sections 22 and 23 to engage coacting grooves 51 (Figs. Sand 10) in the treatment casing. AThese tongues 50 may conveniently be made by extendingthe ends of themembers comprising hinges 44 as illustrated in Fig. 10. In order to supplement the action of spring 49 in clamping the heater upon the treatment casing latches are provided at each end ot the heater, comprising hooked members 52 adapted to engage pins 53 so as to positively lock together sections 22 and 23 of the clamp heater.

The combined shield and curl-spacingl gauge, which supplements the heat insulated face of the treatment casing in preventing a dangerous temperature from reaching the scalp, is illustrated in Fig. 4. This'shield comprises a pair of members 54 and 55 of flexible material which possesses good heat insulating properties, s uch as fibre. bakelite, or the like, which are hinged together at 56. The width of these members is made a little greater than the depth of the curl-treatment casing so as to shield the scalp from thev direct heat of the electric heaters, as is shown in Fig. 1. Each of the members 54 and 55 has a plurality of marginal slots, 57 and 58 respectively cut in one edge thereof in such manner that, when the members are moved about hinge 56, so that one member 4lies substantially over the other, these slots are caused to cooperate with each other to surround the tresses. A Single hook-shaped pin 59 is provided near the end of member 55 opposite tothe hinge, which is adapted to coact with a series of holes 60 in member 54. y By engaging hooked' pin 59 with one or another of the holes 60, mem- Ibers 54xand 55 are clamped securely about the tresses, theproper hole 60 to use depending upon the size of the tresses and the amount of clamping pressure desired.

In Fig. 14 an'ordinary paper tube 68 is shown in combination'with my improved treatment casing (lower section y26 only ot which isn illustrated) for the purpose of treating a tress or curl of unusual length. A portion 19 of the curl 17 which extends beyond' the outer face 20 of the treatment casing is wrapped with a strip of soft cloth 69, which has previously been moistened wit-h the hair treating reagent. The paper tube 6.8 is then passed over the wrapping'69 Iand its inner end inserted within slot 32.

YVhen the upper lsection of the treatment casing 1s no w placed upon lower section 26, tube 68 will be Iirmly heldin place, its inner terior of the treatment casing so that steamy may pass outwardly through the tube to heat`and curl the entire length of the tress.

In the operation of my apparatus the hair of the patients head is first separated into tresses, the spacing of which is determined bythe use -of the combined curl spacing gauge and shield, and this shield is left 1n position embracing the tresses at points as close tothe scalp as possible. The shield, being made of flexible material, will easily conformto the curvature of the head as will be seen by referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The tresses, in the form of my invention which I have preferred to illustrate by way of example, are then wound upon the curling sticks 16 in the usual manner, and are immediately laid in lower sect-ion 26 of one of the treatment casings, into which has previously .been placed apad 43 moistened with a suitable reagent. The other section 27 of the treatment casng, also containing a moistened pad 43,.is thenplaced in posit-ion and the two sections firmly pressed to,

gether with the lingers. This vwill cause cam surfaces 38 to force the innerfaces 31 and 35 firmly` together. While thus held` means of 'the latch members 52 acting in -conjunctionl with spring 49. This group of f our curls is now ready for treatment, and as soon as all of the tresses which it is de sired to treat are prepared for treatment in a similar way, electric energy is supplied to each of the heatersiand the treatment al lowed to progress until completed.

By the use of a curl treatment casing which is adapted to treat simultaneously a plurality of curls the length of time required to treatcanfentire head Vof hair is reduced to approximately one-half of the time required by any of the methods in present use of which I am aware. This is of advantage both to they patient and to the operator. Moreover the structure of my vimproved treatment easing, which securely? embraces the tresses, reduces theliability of injury to the patient by sca-lding, because the structure of lthe casing. is such as to effectively prevent the passage of heat, either through the openings by which the tresses enter the casing, or vthrough the face of the casing ad! fjacent the scalp: Furthermore, the construction of my im roved treatment casing is such that the cur or wave may be started closer to the Scalp than when paper tubes are used, bound to the hair with twine, which binding takes up considerable length of the tresses adjacent the scalp.

In addition to these advantages the use of l the treatment casing of my invention makes it possible to treat only the vportion of the hair adjacent the scalp which it is desired to treat, and makes it unnecessary to apply the treatment to the whole length of'the hair, whether or not it is desired to do this. By thel omission of the relatively heavy papertubes the weight of the wound tresses is reduced to within comfortable'limits, and my treatment casing which` contains moistened pads and which is adapted to treat a plurality of curls simultaneously, makes it possible also to omit the wrapping of relatively heavy moist cloth about the tresses before they are placedf in the treatment casing, and

also makes it possible to relieve even theI weight of these rather`light curls; from the patients head as soon as eac set is wound on the curling sticks.

Inasmuch as the treatment casing 18 is made of a metallic material, such as aluminum, it, is relatively impervious and will not absorb the reagent used in thev treatment process, or substances which may distill od from the hair itself lduring the process. For this reason my improved process is extremely sanitary as compared with the processes in which tubes composed of paper or other relatively pervious material are used. In addition to being more sanitary avv iol further-advantage results in that, by the use of my improved treatment casing, the hair is not bleached during the treatment process, as sometimes happens when paper tubes are used, because of the unavoidable presencev of' bleaching agents in the material of which these tubes are made. Every part of my apparatus may be conveniently and cheaply sterilized for re-use, whereas the paper tubes are not susceptible of sterilization. In the preferred `embodiment of the ap' paratus which I have illustrated and de scribed for carrying out my invention, I have shown a'curling stick consisting of a slender .metallic rod upon whicha tress of hair is wound. It willbe readily under-I stood, however, by persons skilled rin this art that other devices may be associated with the tress. For example, instead of winding the tress jupon a `curling stick, it may be clamped between the undulated, or serrated, surfaces .of a waving device and then laid within'the treatment chamber, and the treatt include all devices upon which a tress of hair may be wound, twisted, clamped, or otherwise arranged in any desired con/guration for the waving or curling of the /tress lof hair during a hair treatment process. vI also-intend, by the word curl, to include a tress of hair which has been, Wound, twisted, clamped, or otherwise secured, and arranged in any configuration, upon such device.

I claim:

y i 1. A hair treating device comprising a treatment casing in` which a plurality of curls are held in a single lplane, the casing` the head, and: providedl with a plurality ofequally spaced openings to admit a-.plurality of curls to the casing, and means for applying heat tothe casing.

' 4. A hair treating device comprising a treatment casino' for receiving Ia plurality of curls having a face substantially conforming to the shape 0f the head, means for heating the casing and means for preventing the passage ofheat thru said face. l

5. A hair treatingf device comprising a v treatment casing having one face thereof substantially conforming to-the shape ofthe head, and'provided with a pluralitv of equal- 1y spaced openings to admit a plurality of curls to the casing, means for applying heat to the casing, and means for preventing heat from passing through said face so as to in-` jure the scalp.

6. A ,hair treating device comprising a treatment casing provided with 'a plurality 1 of openings in one face through which a plurality of curls-'enter the`cas1ng, vmeans for i treatment casing` provided with a plura applying Iheat to thecasng, and means for `preventing the escapecf heat through -the openings so as to injure the scalp.

V7. A hair treating device comprisingl a ity of openings in one face through which a plurality of curls enter the casing, means for applyin heat to the casing, and common means or preventing the passage of heat through the face and the openings therein A so as to injure the scalp.

8. A hair treating device comprising a curl-treating casing constructed in complementary sections, each section having a plurality of registering marginal slots into f Which the'curls may be laid and which close around the curls when the sections are fitted together. v

v'curls may be laid, the slots in the curved face being provided with relatively resilient heatinsu ating material, and means for clamping the sections together. v

l10. A hair treating 'device comprising a curl treating casing constructed in telescoping sections, each section being f provided with a marginal slot in a face thereof, these slots 1n the coacting` sectlons being adapted fitted together.

11. A hair` treating device comprising a curl treating casing constructed inl telescoping sections, each section having a plurality of slots in a face into which the curls may be laid, said slots being provided with relativeto close around a. curl when the sections are ly resilient heat insulating material, and

means for clamping the casing sections t0- gether.

12. A hair treating device comprising a curl treatiiig casing constructed inl telescoping sections, each section having a plurality of slots in a face thereof into which the curls ma be laid, the inner and outer Walls of the s otted faces being lined with relativelynresilientheat insulating material, and means for clamping the casing sections together. Y

13. A hair treating device comprising a curl treating casingconstructed in telescoping sections, each section having a plurality of slots in a face thereof into which the curls may be laid, the coacting surfaces of the slotted faces of the sections being covered with relatively resilient heat insulating material to act as a acking therebetween and' as a protection or the curls where they pass through the slots, and means for clamping these casing sections together.

14. A hair treating device comprising a curl treatingfeasing constructed in telescoping sections, each section having a plurality of slots .in a face' thereofinto which the curls may be laid, the inner and outer Walls of the coacting faces of the sections being lined with` relatively resilient heat insulating material projecting at all points beyond the marginal edges of the metal faces so asto form` a packihgbetween the coacti-ng faces Inn and to form a seal with the hair whereit passes through the slots, and mean's for.

clamping the casing sections together.

v 15. A: hair treating device comprising a:

curl treating casingconstructed in telescoping" sections, each section being lprovided with a marginal slot in a face thereof, the f slots, in the `coacting ,sections being adapted to close around a'curl Whenthe sections are tted'together, and means acting to force gether.

with a'marginal slot in a face thereof, the.

slots in the coacting sections being adapted. to close around a curl when the sections are fitted together, and means for forcing the slotted faces into contact with each other, said means including a cam actuatedy by -pressing the casing sections together.

17. A hair treating device comprising a curl treating casing constructed in telescoping sections, each section. being provided with a marginal slot in a face thereof, the` slots in the coacting sections being adapted to close arounda curl when the sections are fitted together, means for forcing the slotted faces into Contact with each other, said means including a cam actuated by pressing the casing sections together, and auxiliary clamping means adjacent the slotted faces for urging said faces into contact.

18. A hair. treating device comprising a curl treating casing constructed With tel'e'- scoping sections, each sectionhaving a plurality o-f slotsin-fone face thereof and corresponding slots in the opposite face into which the curls may be laid, the slots in the face mentioned rst being provided with a. relatively resilient heat insulating material, and means` for clamping the secti-ons to- 19. A hair treating device comprising a curl treating casing constructed in complementary sections, each sectiony having Ia plurality of registeringy marginal slots into which the curls may be laid and which close around the curls when the sections are fitted together, the axes of theregister-ing slots.

being angularly disposed with respect to one another so as to fit snugly` around the curls.

20. A hair treating-device comprising a curl-treating casing having opposed heatconducting surfaces, and a heater therefor having sections provided with heating surfaces, andA so hinged together as to clamp the casing between these sections with their heating surfaces in contact with the heatconducting surfaces of the treatment casing, the casing vand heater sections being provided With coacting grooves and tongues,

Aand means for positively locking the heater sections together. i

21. A hair treating device' comprising a curl treating casing having opposed heatconducting surfaces, and a heaterv therefor having sections provided with heating surfaces and so hinged ytogether as to clamp the casing between-these sections with their heating surfaces in' contact with the heatconducting surfacesA of the treatment casing, the casing andheater sections being provided With coacting interlocking devices, and means for lioldingfsaid devices in engagement with lone another.

22. In a` hair treating apparatus, the combination of a curl-treating casing adapted to receive a plurality ofcurls and. having one face curved to conform to the shape of the head, means forheating the casing, and a flexible heat protective shield cooperating with the curvedV face to prevent heat from burning the scalp. n

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FRANK CAPDEVILA.-

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