US1569105A - Deactivator - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12,1926. 1,569,105

- P. WEST 1 DEACTIVATOR ri i Filed pril 28. 1923 '5 Shets-Sheet 1 avwemtoz Per/y W651. 351 i QMom w XM'A Jan. 12 1926. 1,569,105

P. WEST DEACTIVATOR Original Filed April 1923 -3 ShuttESheet 2 awuemtoz Percy Wesf WDN QQN

Jan. 12 1926.

Patented J'an. 12, 192 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ZPHBIR'Y WEST, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

ELLIOTT COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CONPORATION OF PENN- minc'rrvn'ron.

Application filed April 28, 1928, Serial No. 685,401. Renewed April 18, 1825.

To all whom may concern:

Be'it known that I, PERRY WEST, citizen of theUnited States, and resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Deactivators, of which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to a device known as a deactivator, or deaerator, which is an apparatus for separating oxygen-and other gases fromwater and other fluids and removing said free -dissolved gases, thereby.

reiidering the "fluid non-corrosive.

An important object of the invention is the provision of a deactivating apparatus,

having a fluid-level governor for regulating the intake of fluid tobe treated so that a constant level of such fluid ma tained within the apparatus an' providin for and controlling a recirculation of flui within the apparatus and to maintain a mechanical agitation of such fluid.

Another object of the invention is the provision of automatically operated means adapted to prevent rise of fluid within the apparatus above a predetermined level.

.Should the fluid rise above such predetermined level, due to leakage or other causes, means are provided to ,cause excess of fluid within the apparatus to be pumped back into the source of supply, or elsewhere. Said means is alsoadapted for automatically cutting ofl the power from the vacuum pump of the apparatus when the fluid level in the tank rises beyond a predetermined point, and for again applying power to said pump when the level of the liquid has been reduced below said predetermined level,

I also provide the separating chamber or tank with means, such as a screen or screens, for breaking up and keeping in suspension the sprayed or atomized fluid to be treated and, in connection therewith, a system of spraying devices for eflecting mechanical agitation and breaking up of the fluid to be treated and the introduction of such fluid into a vacuum chamber or tank.

- These and other features of the invention not hereinbefore referred'to will be hereinafter described and claimed and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is an: end elevation thereof,

be main- Fig. 3 is a section through the device showing spraying piping an screens, and

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view illustratin the various connections.

imilar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a receptacle or tank of cast-iron or other suitable material adapted to withstand a high vacuum without appreciable leakage of fluid or gases, said receptacle having removable heads 2, with transparent observation panels 3 therein. At 4 I have shown a double wire screen, this screen being adapted to break up or atomizeinjected fluid and prevent it from being projected directly against the walls of the tank 1, thus keep-- ing the fluid in suspension. Said screen is of fine mesh, is supported on frame work and encircles the upper portion of the tank;

5, the necessary distributing piping within the tank being designated by 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, and spraying nozzles for such piping being designated vbyll, 12, 13, 14, 15 and I An inlet opening for raw fluid is shown at 16. Outlet openings 17 and 18 in the tank therefrom. A vacuum pump 26 or other;

suitable device is employed for removing liberated gases from the tank 1 and for maintaining in said tank any desired. re-

duced pressure.

A motor 27 or othersuitable power deat '28. A pipe line 29, 30, 3-1, 32 connects the separator 25 and the pump 26, a check valve 33 and gate valves 34, 35, 36 in pipe line from tank 1, through separator 25 to pump 26 being shown.

I The tank 1 also has an outlet 37 for treats ed fluid, a pipe line '38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43

leading from said'outlet to a removal pump vice may be .employed to operate pump, the drive connections being shown 44'for such treated fluid, a check valve 45 and Ya gate valve 46 being provided in said pipe line. A delivery pump 47 is connected by pipe line 48, 49, and 51-from discharge of removalpump 44, said pipe line having a gate valve 50 and a check valve 52, permitting conveyance of treated fluid to the point of use, through pipe line 54,

55, 56, 57, 58, provided with check and gate valves 59 and 60. A re-circulation pipe line 61, 62, 63, leads from the discharge of removal pump 44 to the intake piping system within the tank 1, 64 designating a gate valve and 65 a float-operated regulating valve in the line. Raw, untreated fluid is brought to the opening 5 of the tank 1 by piping 66, 67, a gate valve 72 and a float-operated regulating valve 73 being shown herein.

Ali-74 there is shown an automatic float.- operated fluid level governor for operating the regulating valve 73 through the levers 75 and 76 and the link 77, and also for operating the regulating valve 65 through levers 78 and 79 and the link 80. A pipe line 81, 82, 83, connects the top of the float chamber 74 with the top of the tank 1, and another pipe line 85, 86, 87, 90 connects the bottom of the float chamber with the bottom of the tank, a gate valve 91 being shown in the latter pipe line, and a support for the float chamber being shown at 92. The removal pump 44 and the delivery pump 47 are operated by a motor or other suitable drive appliance 93, a shaft connection 94, 95, 96, 97, 98,99 being shown.

100 is an automatic float-operated fluidlevel governor operating float-switch control 101, through float- levers 102 and 103, and link 104, and also operating the auxiliary valve 105 through said lever 102 and link 106.

A pipe line 107, 108, 109, 110, leads from the discharge of delivery pump 47 to the source of supply, 113 and 114 designating a check valve and gate valve respectively in this line. A pipeline running to waste is designated by 115, 119 and 120 are a gate valve and check valve respectively therein. Another line running to waste is shown at 121, 122, and a gate valve therefor at 124.

A pipe connection from the top of the float chamber 100 to the top of tank 1 is designated by 125, 126, while a pipe connection from the bottom of said float chamher to the bottom of said tank is designated by 129, 130. A gate valve in the latter line is shown at 134. At 135 is shown a support for the float chamber 100. A blowofl and drain in connection to waste from the bottom of the apparatus is shown at 136, and 137 is a gate valve therein.

A recording vacuum gauge and a records ing pressure gauge are shown herein, the former designated by 138 and having a pipe line 139, 140, 141, 142 connecting with the top of the tank 1 and having a valve 143 therein, and the latter being designated by 144 and having a pipe line 145, 146 from the discharge of de iverypump 47, said line having a valve 147 therein.

An automatic starter and control for the,

motor 27 is shown at 148. and a connection under a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere a violent agitation and breaking up of said fluid occurs as it leaves the inlet nozzles and is projecte upward in the tank 1. The fluid, now in the form of a mist, is projected against the screen 4, which tends to further break up and atomize said fluid and also prevents it from forming in heavy films and running down the sides of the tank 1. This violent agitation results in the breaking up, atomizing and keeping in suspension of the fluid and causes the free dissolved oxygenand other free gases contained therein to be liberated, and ermits them to be drawn ofl by means 0 the vacuum in the tank. The precipitated fluid falling to the bottom of the tank may be maintained atany predetermined level by means of the automatic fluid-level governor 74.

The gases liberated in the manner above described may now be drawn ofl through the openings 17 and 18 in the tank 1 and through pipe line 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, to the separator 25, where entrained fluid and other foreign matter is extracted The liberated gases now leave the separator 25 through pipes 30, 31, 32 to the pump 26, from which they are discharged into the atmosphere. The entrained fluid, etc. rcmoved in separator 25 passes by gravity through pipe line 152 and 153 to the tank 1..

The fluid-level governor 74 controls the amount of raw fluid admitted to the apparatus and theamount recirculated, to maintain acontinuous agitation regardless of the amount of raw fluid handled. Said governor 74 has a float chamber connected by pipe lines to the bottom and the top'of the-tank 1, the bottonr connection permitting the fluid in the tank to pass back and forth in the float chamber, and the top connection being for the purpose of equalizing the "pressures in the tank and the float chamber, so that their fluid levels may correspond. lVithin the float chamber there is a float connecting to levers 75 and 78 by means of a rod and shaft, so that the raising or lowering of the fluid level in the float chamber will by raising or lowering the float raise'or lower the levers 75 and 78.

When the treated fluid is removed from the tank 1 and delivered away from the apparatus by the pump 47 the level of fluid in said tank will be lowered, thereby lowering the level of fluid in the governor 74. This will cause the outstanding end of lever 78 to raise, and this in turn will raise the outstanding end of lever 79 by acting through link 80, which will open regulating valve 73. More raw fluid is thus-admitted to the tank, raising the fluid level therein. As soon as the raw fluid is admitted at a rate exceeding that at which the treated fluid is withdrawn from said tank, the-level of the fluid in the tank 1 will be raised, thereby reversing the'action of the governor and closing the regulating valve 73. When the, fluid reaches normal level in the tank the valve 73 will be entirely closed, and this automatic operation will continue to maintain the fluid at an approximately constant level. It will be noted that the outstanding end of the lever 75 will be operated in the reverse direction from the outstanding end of the" lever 78, and that such operation of lever 75 through link 77 and lever 76 will open regulating valve as regulating valve 73 is being closed, and to close regulating valve 65 as regulating valve 73 is being opened.

Turnbuckles are provided on the links 77' and 80, so that any desired relationship may be maintained between the operating mechanism of the re lating valve 65 and the regulating valve 7;, the preferred relationship being such that when valve 7 3 is entirely closed the regulating valve 65 will be opened to the proper extent to permit passage of sufficient recirculated fluid from the removal 1 pump 44 to the inlet of the tank to produce the required agitation of the fluid therein. The relationship between these regulating valves is such that when valve 73 is fully opened the valve 65 will be fully closed, thus preventing passage ofany of the fluid being delivered by the removal pump 44 back through the recirculating system into the tank 1, and leaving the full capacity of this pump free to deliver to pump '47 and thence to point of use the treated fluid. The fluidlevel governor thus controls the inlet of raw fluid so as to maintain an approximately constant level thereof, and in additioncauses a portion of the fluid to recirculate by way of tank 1, pump 44, intake 5' and'agitating apparatus back to the tank 1, thus preventing diminution of the agitating process when little or no raw fluid is being taken into the apparatus.

This recirculation has'been found highly desirable, particularly with cold water deaeration or deactivation, as the recirculation not only repeatedly subjects the water to the conditions maintained in the tank 1, but also tends to always maintain a condition of agitation in which the water is kept finely divided. While in this divided state the air is much more easily released from the water. thereby enabling a more nearly complete separation and release of the air. The recirarea due to the 'repeate use consumption on the removal and recirculating pump.

The fluid-lever governor 100, similar to governor 74, is connected to the tank 1 in a similar manner, but is set at a higher level. v

The governor 100 is adapted-to operate an ,culation has'theeflt'ect, also of increasin the l auxiliary valve 105 and also to operate a float-switch 101. As a regulating valve such as 73 may become "leaky, either through deterioration of the valve or because of interference of operation by some foreign substance, because of pressure of incoming fluid *in connection with reduced pressure in the tank 1, an excessive amount of rawfluid may flow into the tank whenval ve 7 3 is supposed to be closed. Under these conditions the level of fluid in the tank may continue to rise above normal level and may entirely fill the tank unless proper nieans are used to prevent this happening. Also the vacuum pump may be severely damaged by allowing the fluid to pass into the operating chamber of the pump. The governor 100 prevents this by operation in the following manner: The float chamber of this governor is so connected with the tank 1 that a rise of the fluid above normal level will cause a rise in the float chamber, thereby raisingthe float therein' and causing'the outstanding end of the lever 102 to be raised; The raising of the I lever 102 first causes valve 105 to be opened through the action of the link 106. This opening of the valve 105 allows some of thefluid to pass from the discharge of pump 47 out through 107, 108, 109, 110, back to source of raw fluid supply, thus removing some of the fluid from the apparatus and lowering the fluid level in the tank 1. This removal of fluid from'the tank will lower thefluid level so that the float in the governor 100 will again close the valve 105 as soon as the fluid has again reached a proper level, and this action will continue to prevent any substantial rise in the fluid level in the tank above the level in the float chamber 100. If the intake of raw fluid is at a greater rate than can be cared for in this way, the fluid level in tank 1 will continue to rise after the valve 105 is fully opened and in full operation, so that there is still danger that the apparatus may became filled with the fluid and cause damage to the vacuum pump. In

such case the further rise of the lever 102 will cause the float-switch 101 to operated as to cause the motor control 148 to stop the motor 27 driving the vacuum pump 26. This condition will remain until the fluid level in tank 1 is again lowered. when the reverse action of the governor 100 will first cause the float-switch 101 to operate to start the motor 27 and pump 26 and then to close the valve 105. The, functions of the governor 100 are therefore to first prevent the raising of the fluid level in the tank 1 above a predetermined height by opening valve 105 and allowing a portion of the fluid to be pumped back from the tank to the source of supply. and, secondly, to automatically stop the pump 26 if the first operation does not prevent undue rise in said tank. The governor 100 thus acts to prevent the raising of the fluid level in the tank 1 above the level of the spraying devices, to prevent improper operation of the apparatus due to interference of too high a fluidlevel in the fluid tank with the proper agitating of the incoming fluid.

The recording vacuum and pressure gauges permit proper regulation .and .maintenanee of pressure within the tank and at the nozzles, and their function is well understood.

It will be understood that the present ap paratusembodies coordinate means for maintaining a vacuum in the tank 1, and also for controlling the absolute pressure ratio of the partial pressures due, respectively, to freed gas and the vapor of the liquid. This insures continuous conditions Within 7 the tank such that air will be effectively released from the liquid.

On account of the arrangement herein shown and described it is not necessary to heat either the incoming water or the sprayed water in the tank.

What I claim is 1. A deactivator, embodying a fluid cham .ber, means for maintaining a vacuum there in, means for spraying a fluid thereinto, a

screen within said chamber for further breaking up said fluid,means for removing freed gases from the chamber, means for removing treated fluid therefrom, means for maintaining a constant flow of liquid within the apparatus, and an auxiliary waterline governor adapted to operate upon failure of said first governor.

2. A deactivator, embodying a fluid chamber, means for maintaining a vacuum in said chamber, means for spraying a fluid thereinto, a screen within said chamber for further breaking up such fluid,means for re moving freed gases from the chamber, means for removing treated fluid therefrom, a recirculation pipe line leading from said fluid removal means to said fluid chamber,

and means for preserving a fixed fluid level therein and also for controlling a recirculaction of the fluid within the apparatus further breaking up said fluid, means forremoving freed gases from the chamber, moans for removing treated fluid therefrom, and an automatic float-operated device for preventing rise of fluid level above a predetermined po nt to cause a part of the fluid in the apparatus to be pumped back to the source of supply or elsewhere withoutthe apparatus.

4. A deactivator, embodying a fluid chamher.'means for maintaining a vacuum in said chamber, means for spraying a fluid thereinto, a screen within said chamber for further breaking up of said fluid, means for removing freed gases from the chamber, means for removing treated fluid therefrom, an automatic float-operated device for preventing the rise of the fluid level above a predetermined point to cause a portion of the fluid in the apparatus to be pumped back to the source of supply or elsewhere without the apparatus, and an auxiliary automatic float-operated device adapted to cut when the fluid level rises beyond a predetermined point and again applying power to the vacuum maintaining means when said level in the apparatus has been reduced below the predetermined level.

5. A deactivator, embodying a fluid chamber, means for maintaining a vacuum therein, means for spraying a fluid thereinto, means for removing freed gases therefrom, means for removing the treated fluid, a recirculation pipe line leading from said fluid removal means to said fluid chamber, and a float-operated fluid-level governor for maintaining a fixed fluid pressure in the tank and controlling the recirculation of the fluid through said recirculation pipe line.

6. A deactivator, embodying a fluid-chamber, means for maintaining a vacuum therein, means for spra ing a fluid to be treated thereinto, means or removing the freed gases from the chamber, means for removing treated fluid therefrom, a recirculation pipe line leading from said fluid removal means to said fluid chamber, a float-operated fluid-level governor for maintaining a fixed fluid level 'in the chamber, said governor nuisance chamber, means for removing treated fluid therefrom, a recirculation pipe line. leading from said fluid removal means to said fluid chamber, and means for maintaining a fixed fluid level therein and also for controlling a recirculation of the fluid within the apparatus through said recirculation pipe line in order to assure a suitable mechanical agtation'both when raw fluid is being admitted and when little or no raw fluid is'admitted.

8. A deactivator, embodying a fluid chamber, means for maintaining a vacuum in said chamber, means for delivering a fluid to the chamber, means within the chamber for breaking up the delivered fluid, means for removing treated fluid from the chamber, a recirculation connection, and means for preserving a fixed fluid level within the chamher and for controlling the recirculation of fluid through said connection.

9. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a supply connection therefor, an off-take connection to an ex ternalload, liquid recirculating means, and means responsive to. the rate of liquid olftake for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating means.

10. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid ofl -take to an external load, liquid recirculating means, and means responsive to the rate of fluid supply to the chamber for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating means. i

11. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid off-take to an external load, liquid recirculating means, means responsive to the rate of liquid off-take for regulating the amount of recirculation through said means, and means for controlling the absolute pressure ratio of partial pressures due to freed gases and the vapor of the liquid, respectively.

12. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid off-take to an external I load, liquid recirculating means, means responsive to therate of liquid supply for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating means, and means for controlling the absolute pressure ratio in said chamber of the partial pressures due to freed gases and the vapor of the liquid respectively.

13. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid off-take to an external load, a recirculating connection between said oif-take and supply, and means for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating connection.

14:. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid off-take to an external load, a recirculating connection between said off-take and supply, and means for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating connection, said last -mentioned means being responsive to variations in the oflF-take to an external load.

15. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid ofl -take to an external load, a recirculating connection between said off-take and supply, and means for regulating the amount of recirculation through said recirculating connection, said last mentioned means being responsive to variations in the rate of liquid supply.

16. In a liquid handling apparatus, a liquid receiving chamber, a liquid supply therefor, a liquid off-take to an external load, a recirculating connection between said ofl-take and supply, and means for regulating the amount of recirculation PERRY WEST.

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