US1561185A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 1 0Q'l925; 156L185 J. c. QUINN I OIL BURNER I Filed Nov] 7. 1922 1 I 2 sbeets sheet l 3 5752: Quinn Nov. 10 1925.

QUINN OIL BURNER v Filed Nov. '2. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 yr L Patented Na. 10, 1925-.

UNITED. STATES PATENT- OFFICE. I

I JOHN C. QUINN, OF STATEN ISLAND, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO QUINN OIL ".BURNER CORPORATION, -01 NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK..

- plants u-ing steam boilers, and infurnaces such as are used for the heating of houses during cold weather, though it may, of'

.- fore, is to produce a device which overcomesout of order.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed November 7,1922. Serial No. 599,534.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that J OHN C. QUINN, a citizen of the United States, residing at 28 Fort Place, St. George, Staten Island, in the county of New York and State of New course, be utilized for. marine propulsion and other purposes.

One of the objects of my invention is to 'provide a burner which may be used with crude oil; especially crude oil. of the coarser and cheaper grades.

been put upon the market which will burr oil quite well if it is of thebetter and finergrades,'but with oil of the coarser grades, or only partly refined, their operation is not satisfactory, resulting in the production of a great deal of smoke. I

Another object of my invention, therethis difficulty and which at the same time will not become clogged bv use, or easily get A further object of my invention is to so construct it that without the employment of special means to obtain a-forced draft, I obtain the same result by the proper arrange- .ment of the space-between the vaporization plate and the depending after more fully described.

A still further object of my invention is to cone, as hereinconstruct a device which operates with high efiiciency, has great durability of construction and yet possesses marked simplicity as a whole and in respect of each of its compo-- nent parts, so that its manufacture is econ'omically facilitated both as regards productionof the parts and their assembly.

lVith these and other objects in view which may be incident to my improvements,the i nvention consists in the parts and combina- 'tions to be hereinafter set forth and claimed,

A numbrof hydro-carbon burners have with the understanding that the severalnecessary'elements comprising my invention, may be varied in construction, proportions and arrangement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

In order to make my invention more clearly understood, I have shown n .the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical effect, without limiting the improvementsin their. usefulapplications to the particularconstructions, which for the purpose of explanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a coal furnace partly in section, showing my improved burner-located therein;

Fig. 2 is a detail view of the valve-f0 minishing the flow of the oil to the burn; A Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical longitudina sectional view of my burner in detail;

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows; .7

Fig 5 is a similar view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a similar view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view showingthei orifice under each foot of the battle plate, an e Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of my device.

The numeral 1 represents a steam furnace boiler of'the usual or any approved construction such as is used for heating houses,

the same being provided upon the top withla steam pressure guage 2.

The numeral. 3

represents a steam pressure diaphragm pro vided with a support/l in which rests the lever 5 pivotal'ly attached at one end 6, to an upright 7 l ed or otherwise securedt th p 8 of the boiler.

The other end of the leverb is provided.

withseveral niches or kerfsl), from onefof which hangs, a weight 11, by means of a metallic strap.

like

The extreme end of the lever is pivotally' connected to a rod 12 having'a turn-buckle 13, by means of which the length of the rod may be properlyadjusted with respect to the bell-crank lever 14 at its lower end, and to a valve 15" located within the pipe coupling 16. This valve is illustrated more part cularly in Fig. 2, and its purpose is to lessen the flow of oil to the burner (to be hereinafter more particularly described) when the steam pressure becomes too great, and as seen in Fig. 2, it does not entirely cut ofl the flow as there is a groove 17 provided in the seat of the valve which permits a small flow in order that the firc will not become extinguished, though its strength is greatly di-' minished.

Extending downwardly from this valve is a pipe '18, and at'its lower end another coupling 20, having a needle valve 21 with a pointer 22 which passes over the arcuate plate 23, the valve being adjusted by turning the hand wheel 24.

It will be observed that the pipe. 18 extends still lower, as seen at 25, into the coupling 26 where it turns at right angles, extending to the coupling 27, then upwardly into the globe Valve 28, thence to a coupling '29 where it turns at right angles for a short openings having door closures; 34 being the door to be opened when it is desired to clean You-t the fiues; 35 the door which'is opened when it is desired to coal the furnace, it

being understood that for purposes of illustrating, my device is herein shown as applied to an ordinary coal-burning furnace;

and 36 is the'door for regulating the draft from the front of the furnace through the grate bars 37 and'the flame to" the pipe 38' leading from the furnace to the chimney.

The numeral 40 represents a fuel supply pipe running from the valve 16 to .the burner pro er, and the numeral 41, an overflow pipe w icli'runs from the burner to theoverflow can 42 hanging from the hooked end 43 of the lever 44, to whose other end is attached a weighted ball 45. The lever 44 is" fulcrumed upon the Valve '46and when the weight of the overflow oil is morert-han sufi'lcient to balance the weight of the ball, the valve 46 shuts off the flow of the fuel from the tank 31 and the flame of the b u'rner is extinguished.

Referring to Fig.3, the'burne'r consists of a circular base plate or pan 47, provided with orifices 48 through which extend head ed bolts 49 whose lower ends protrude through and below the. grate'bars of the furnace and are there secured by means of nuts and washers, as clearly'seen inFig. 1,

- which firmly hold the burner in 'pla.

; Extending upwardly from the base plate and equi-distantly located each. from the other, are legs 50, with an annular plate 50' fitting loosely over them, and between the legs and extending upwardly from the base plate, is a metallic wall 51 cast integrally with the base plate. At the center of the base plate is a tubular air nozzle 52 provided with slotted openings 53 and 54, for the admission of air from below the grate bars'into the combustion chambers Located upon the base plate 47 is a metallic vaporizing plate 55, provided withintegrally cast lugs 56 which enable it, When placed upon the base plate, to rise'slightly above it, and leave space beneath for the oil.

The base plate, metallic annular wall 51 and the vaporizing plate resting on the base plate in eifect comprise a retort, since the heat directed on the vaporizing plate causes the oil underneath the plate and contained within the enclosure of the base plate and annular wall 51 to become va orized, and the gas generated rises and unites with the oxygen of the air to produce a very hot flame.'

Mounted-on top of the legs 50 is the plate 50', above referred to, extending to the side walls-of the furnace, covered with a layer of fire-clay. Resting on the inner edge of said plate is the flange 56' of a depending cast iron cone 57 adapted to be located over the tubular air nozzle heretofore described, said flange being adapted to rest upon the legs 50. v Just exterior to the cone-and at equidistantly located points, are" openingsv 58 for the passage of air, and. located upon the top of the cone 57, but separate and distinct therefrom, is a baffle plate 60 to spread the flame, having legs 61 provided with passages corresponding to the openings 58, the legs being so arranged as to correspond with the openings below and to set over the same. In this way-their position may be somewhat changed, as seen in Figs. 4 and 7 and the air at such points partly out on. It will be noted that the raised edge 62' of the vaporizing plate 55 adjacent the tubular nozzle 52 is higher than the edge 62, so that no ,oil can flow against the sides of the nozzle. a

"This burner is designed to efliciently burn agiven quantity of oil in a given period, and will be made in a number of sizes for the varying requirements of service. In order to obtain complete combustion, a predetermined quantity of air under high velocity is delivered to a given quantity of oil. This condition is obtained by constructing the burner of a de'finiteproportional size, with a proper opening between the outside of the v cone 57 and the wall 51, and also for the control'and' delivery of the required volume of free air at proper velocity or pressure at the area or field of combustion. The exterior noisy effect.

stantially /2, and it has been found in practice that a variation of 1 1 to 12 to 25% either way will render the operation less inefficient for the following.

reasons: I

One pound of oil .containing approximately 16000 B. t. u. (British thermal units) requires approximately three and one-half poimds of pure oxygen for complete chemical action in the production of CO gas and water yapor according to the following equation illustrating the combustion of one heavy oil:

o n plus 6101 000 plus 21H 0. 282 parts: 976 parts or a ratio of 1 3.46.

fllo obtain this quantity of oxygen approximately fifteen pounds of free air, or approximately 185 to 200 cubic feet in volume, must be fed to the fire. Should'the indicated space he appreciably less than the required amount of airwill be insufiimake not a steady flame, but rather aseties of rapid'explosions with an undesirably Should this space beappreciably more than A;", an excessive-amount of air is admitted and since this must be heated the efliciency of. the burner and the heat given up to the boiler or stove, etc., is

diminished. With this optimum distance of A, fixed,- it follows of course, that the burner can take care of a variation of' a few per cent in the oil consumption during,

the short periods of adjustment thereof by steam pressure is slightly too high or too low.

The size of each burner is based on the average amount of oil consumption for the imposed duty in each installation, as'ifor carrying a constant steam pressure in a boiler. In every case, however, the propertionate distance between the inner cone and vaporizing plate is maintained. Analysis shows that this important feature of my invention automatically'makes the volume of air coming through the space 65,- and the volume of vapor issuing from under the vaporizing plate 55, both propo tional to the circiunference of the vaporizing plate 55 and therefore constantin the ratio needed for most efficient combustion.

It will be noted that the edge 62 of the plate 55 is beyond the lower edge of the. inner cone 57, and this arrangement auto matically causes the draft of air coming down the space 65 to become thoroughly ad and the use of the top bafiie plate cause the incoming air and oil vapor to form a better combustion mixture and practically a solid blue flame filling such combustion chamber and issuing therefrom through the port-holes of the baffle plate.

- To the above there is this one exception as follows: It will be observed that there are several set-screws 55 shown in the flange 56 resting upon the supporting standards which are for use only in the case of a high wind to lower the cone so. as to reduce the aperture between it and the vaporizing plate 55-tof or of an inch,.and where there is a lack of wind, to increase the distance to or of an inch. In other words, this adjustment is to be made only under abnormal conditions in order to maintain the desired ratio of air to oil discussed above. The operation of my device is as follows: Oil is admitte'd to the burner through the pipe 40, and the vaporizing plate on-the base plate of burner is formed to allow 4, space. on..lits under surface for the accumulation of-the fuel oil. In starting combustion, oil is allowed to flow in this space until it'is-filled and rises over the outer edge and flows over the topsurface of plate; a torch or piece of oil-soaked rag or waste to which a match has been applied is then thrown into the burner which produces a gather smoky combustion for the period of from one to two minutes, after which the combustion becomes perfect with an entire absence of smoke. plate soon burns oifand the plate becomes the steam pressure diaphragm 3, when the i The free oil on top of ighly heated. From this point the oil, be

ing fed in small quantity, is turned into gas by the heat of the plate, and this gas, rising at the periphery of the plate, is met by the incoming preheated air, producing a combustion which is practically perfect.

Fig. 8. shows a modified formof my invention and it. is to be observed that the base plateis not perforated as shown in Fig. 3,

. WVhile I have shown and described the pro ferred embodiment of my invention, I wish standing cylindrical wall upon its uppersur fade cast integrally therewith, supporting standards rising above the cylindrical wall, and avaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the baseplate, of a (one adapted to, fest upon the su 'iporl'ing standards and to depend therefrom, a flanged rim on the cone having air openings therein a baliic plate adapted to rest upon the cone and to spread the flame outwardly, and legs on said baffle plate adapted to tit over said openings having passages therethrough to correspond with the openings in the flanged rim whereby a portion of the air may be diverted to the periphery of the batlic plate,

2. In a device of thecharacter described, the combination;-with a base plate, an upstanding cylindrical wall upon its upper surface cast integrally therewith, and supporting standards rising above the cylinof the cone.

dricafl wall, a vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, of a cone adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom interior-1y of said cylindrical wall, a flanged rim on the cone, having openings therein and a removable bafiie plate adapted to rest upon the cone and to spread the flame outwardly, and legs on said baffle plate provided with openings adapted to fit over said openings in the rim 3. In a device of the character described, the combination of a base plate, a tubular air nozzle located thereon and extending therethrough, an upstanding cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, a vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate, supporting means, a cone carried by said supporting means, said cone being spaced from thecylindrical wall for the admission of air between the wall and the cone, and a baffle plate adapted to rest upon the cone and spread the flame outwardly.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, a tubular air nozzle located thereon, an upstanding cylindrical wall upon its upper surface and supporting standards rising above the cylindrical wall, and a vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the base plate. of a cone adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom, a flanged rim on the cone having air openings therein and a ballie plate adapted to restupon the coneand to memes spread the .i'liune outwardly, legs on said batlle plate adapted to fit over said openings having passages therethrough to correspond with the openings in the flanged rim whereby a portion of the air may be diverted to the periphery of the bafiie plate.

In a device of the character described, the combination of a base plate, an upwardly extending cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, supporting standards rising above the cylindrical wall, a loosely mounted vaporizing plate'adapted to rest upon the base plate, a cone adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom leaving a passageway between the cylindrical wall and the cone, and a baflle plate adapted to rest upon the cone and spread the frame outwardly.

(5. In a device of the character described, the combination with a base plate, an upstanding cylindrical wall upon its upper surface, supporting standards rising aoove the cylindrical wall, and a vaporizing plate adapted to rest upon the supporting standards and to depend therefrom, a flanged rim on the cone having air openings therethrough and a battle plate adapted to rest upon the cone and to spread the frame outwardly, and legs on said bafiie plate adapted to tit over said openings having passages therethrough to correspond with the openings in the flanged rin1. i

7. In a device of the character described, the-combination of a base plate, an upstanding cylindrical wall upon its upper surface cast integrally therewith, supporting standards rising above the cylindricabwall, a vaporizing plate, and means to space the vaporizing plate from the base plate, and an, adjustable con-e adapted to rest upon the j supporting standards and to depend therefrom, and spaced from the cylindrical wall to provide a passageway.

- 8. In a device of the character described, a container, a vaporizing plate therein, an adjustable hollow depending member, and means to support the latter above the vaporiz-iing plate, the wall of the container forming'with the depending member a passageway for directing a hea ed current of air against the vaporizing plate and the de pending member and the vaporizing plate forming another passageway.

9 In a device of the'character described, a container, a vaporizing plate near the base of the container and spaced therefron'i, adepending member forming with the container an air passage, and adjustable means to support the depending member abovc'the vaporizing plate, whereby its height above said plate may be varied. 1 10. In anoil burner, the combination with means for vaporizing oil, of an upwardly extending wall a hollow depending member adapted to rest upon the base plate, of a cone cooperating with said upwardly extending wall to direct heated air against said vaporiizing means, a support for the hollow depending member, and means cooperating with said support for varying the distance between the 'hollow depending member and the vaporizing means.

11. In an oil burner, a base plate, a wall extending upwardly theretronn a vaporizing structure, and an adjustable hollow depending member, the wall and the depending -1nember forming a passageway for directing a heated current of-gas against the vaporizmg structure and the depending member and the vaporizing structure forming another passageway.

12. In an oil burner, a base plate, a Wall extending upwardly therefrom, a vaporizing structure, a hollow depending member, and

means for varying the distance of the lower edge of the depending member from the base plate, the wall and depending member forming a passageway for directing a heated current of gas against the vaporizing structure.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature.

JOHN G: QUINN.

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