US1557696A - Loaded shot cartridge - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 20l 1925.

C. LjE R. HOLDEN LOADED sHo'r cwm'rxuncfial Filed July 17, 1922 Patented Get. 20, i925.

CHARLES ROY HOLDEN, OF KINGS MILLS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE PETERS CAR- TRIDGE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

LOADED SHOT CARTRIDGE.

Application filed July 17, 1922. Serial No. 575,552.l

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES Ln ROY HOLDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kings Mills in the county of Varren and State of hio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Loaded Shot Cartridges7 Vof which the following is a specification. My invention relates to loaded shotcar tridges and has for one of its objects the provision of a device of this character which will give improved distribution of shot and cover long ranges.

A further object is the provision of a loaded shot cartridge in which there is means for preventing the exploded powder charge from coming in contact with the shot charge.

A still further object is the provision of means for providing a member which will have a gas-tight connection with the firearm in which the cartridge is exploded between the shot and powder charges.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

An embodiment of my invention. is illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification and in which- Fig. A is a central sectional view of a 30 loaded cartridge embodying my invention;

Fig. B is a bottom view of the same;

Fig. C isa side view of a member used in the construction; and Y F ig. D is a bottom view of the cup member shown in Fig. C.

Referring more'particularly to the drawing, I have indicated a tubular container l for enclosing a shot charge 2. The member l is preferably closed at` its outer or'upper end, as viewed in F ig. A. This closed end may be semi-spherical, as indicated, or have any other desired configurations. The bottom end of the container l may be closed by a wad 2 of ordinary or any preferred construction. The container l may be formed of Vany desirable substance, either metallic or non-metallic, which will hold the shotY in place while being propelled through the barrel vof the firearm and prevent the shot from coming in contact with the barrel of said rearm. This has ,a particular advantage in preventing the shot from sticking to the gun barrel or leading the latter. i A cup member 3 has its bottom disposed against the lower open end of container l with the walls of said cup extending downwardly partially over a powder charge l which is disposed in the bottom of a shell or cartridge 6. The cup 3 has its side walls 3 of yieldable material so that when the' cartridge is used the wall 3 of the cup will expand out against the barrel of the firearm and prevent the explosive gases from passino' by said cup. This cup therefore provi es a sealing means and also provides a means for preventing the excessive heatof the exploded gases from melting or injuring the shot adjacent saidy said cup. The wall 3 of the cup is preferably thinner at the open side of the cup than adjacent the bottom, as clearly indicated by dotted lines in Fig. C. This construction helps the wall 3 to be expanded easily Yby the exploded powder charge.vv

The shell 6 may be provided with a primer 5 of ordinary orany preferred construction.

The cup 3 is preferably of metal such as copper, brass7 gilding, tin, cupro-nickel, steel or iron, or any other metal which may be suitable for this purpose. The sheet metal cup 3 may be formed in any desired manner to have cylindrical walls gradually tapering in cross-section toward the bottom of the shell.

With the use of my improved cup 3 a means is provided for uniformly controlling barrel pressures and velocities, which is necessary'to insure proper functioning of automatic or semiautomatic firearms. This improvement isequally applicable to automatic, repeater, double barrel or single barrel firearms.

The cup 3 is propelled through the bar rel of the firearm immediately behind the shot container, thus preventingthe latter from becoming torn, distorted or ruptured by the gases created vby the explosion of the powder charge, and insures uniform and perfect functioning. As soon as the shot leaves the muzzle ofthe firearm it is released from the protection of the gun barrel and the covering l breaks, permitting 'the shot to spread but slightly. The cup 3 immediately breaks up upon leaving the-gun barrel. Y

The cup- 3 will be held substantially intact until it reaches the end of the gun ,barrel when the force of Vthe explosion will tear it to pieces since it is no longer protected .by the gun barrel. The covering on the shot is also torn as soon asthecharge leaves the gun barrel for the saine reason. The shell 2 in ay be .indented circumferentially at'7 to more securely hold the covering orshot container l inthe open end of the shell with a large portion of thecontainer l projecting from the shell. The container l is therefore in the shape of an elongated. cup with a semi-spherical Y closed end, as shown in Fig. A; The shot charge may vary "according to the length `of the elongated cup l. The wad 2 holds Ythe shot charge inplace in the elongated Ycup conf tainer. yAlter the container is inserted into theopenend or' the shell, as Ashown inlfig. A, the wad Qxoccupies va positionintermedi:

l .ate the ends of the shell adjacent the bot tom Vof the Vsheet metal gas check cup 3, af-

fording an air space or cushion ahead of.VV

the cup 3. I

I claiinzl. A loaded shot cartridge comprising a shell open at one end and closed at the other; a charge of powder in said shell ad` jacent the closed end thereof; a charge of shot; a covering around the shot closed at one end -and having its other end extending into the shell with the end in the shell open and its vother -end vclosedgafwad in the open end of the shot. covering; :and .a cup in the shell with its open side facing .towardfthe powder; charge and its walls disposed ,against the inner wall of the shell.

2. A loaded shot cartridge comprising a shell. proper; a charge of Apowder in the bottom portionof the shell; a cup disposed against .the powder 'chargeA with its side walls extending'par'tially over said powder charge and of yieldable non-expolsive maf terial; and a charge of shot having a cover? ing `therefor extending into the shell in close proximity to the bottom of vsaid cup, the

.the latterand said cup; and a shot charge having a covering the edges thereof extend# Y ing beyondsaid 'shot and adjacentsaid cup.-

4. A loadedshot cartridge comprising a shell proper; shot and powder charges in the shell; and a cup in the shell betweenfsaid Vshot and powder charges 'with the sides ofr said cup ofyieldable material and engaging Vsaid shell, there being `an air spacefbetween said shot charge and saidfcup, the openV surrounding the powder charge; a charge of shot extending into the shell; a covering on the shot charge open at its'end inthe shell;

and a wad between the cup and said shot charge with agportion lof the shot `covering spacing `said wad Afrom Ithe bottoni ofthe cup.

6.V A loaded*shotlcai'tridgeY comprising a Y shell proper open at one end and 'closedat the other end; a charge of v.powder in the shell adjacent the closed end thereof, a cupshaped gas check in said shell intermediate the ends thereotl with itsop'en .side disposed toward the closed end or'. the shell fand partially surrounding the powder charge, a charge of shot; a container for said shot extendinginto the4 open end of said shell to the bottom of said gas check7 and a Wad for holding the shot charge in said container `and occupying va position adjacent the gas check when said container is in said shell.

'7. A loadedjshot cartridge'coniprising a shell, a charge of explosive in the lbase of the shell, a sheet metal inverted A.cup with walls adapted -to be expandedradially to form a. gas check in the gun barreliipon discharge of the cartridge, a shot charge7 a containe-r for the shot charge and :extending into the shell to said cup, said container being adapted to prevent the shot charge from contacting with the inner surface fof gun walls, said container being further vadapted upon discharge .from theY gun barrelY to break and permit the shot to be free to spread.

8. A loaded shotrcartridgecomprising a shell, a charge of explosivetherein, an inverted cup of sheet metal with the circuini'eiential cylindrical portion gradually tapering in cross-section toward the bottom of the shell, a shot charge, and a container for the shot charge extending into the shell to said cup and adapted to prevent the shot charge from contacting with walls of the gun lbarrel upon discharge of the cartridge and to allow. the-shot charge to spread after.

passage therethrough.

9. A loadedshotwcartridge comprising a shell,/an exlosive charge in the base of the shell',` anainverted ,cup with its cylindrical vwall extending Ytoward the bottom of .the

shell, a shot charge, an elongated cup-shaped 'container for said shotvcharge and extending into said shell to saidcupgleaving 'a portion of said container projecting from the shell, and a wad in the open end of said container to hold the shot therein and to occupy a position adjacent the bottom of said cup.

10. In a cartridge, the combination with a shell, of a primer therefor, a charge of explosive in said shell adjacent said primer, a shot container having side portions ex tending past the shot to provide an air space in said cartridge, and an inverted sheet metal cup in said shell intermediate the ends thereof, said cup having cylindrical walls gradually tapering in cross-section toward the bottom of the shell. Y

11. A shot charge for cartridges, the combination with a charge of shot, of an elongated cup-shaped container of non-explosive material adapted to hold the charge intact and prevent the same from contacting with the gun barrel walls when discharged therefrom, said container permitting spreading of the charge after passage through the barrel, and a wad at the open end of said container for holding the charge in said container and adapted to occupy an intermediate position in a cartridge shell.

12. A loaded shot cartridge comprising a shell, an explosive charge in the base of said shell, a shallow inverted cup enclosed wit-hin said shell intermediate the ends thereof and above said explosive charge, and a shot charge comprising shot in an elongated container of non-explosive material, adapted to be inserted into the open end of said shell with the edges of said container engaging said cup.

13. A loaded shot cartridge comprising a shell open at one end and closed at the other, a charge of powder in said shell adjacent the closed end thereof, a charge of shot enclosed in a holder for insertion into the open end of said shell, and a cup enclosed within said shell with its walls disposed againstthe inner walls of said shell and its bottom engaging the edges of the Walls of said holder.

14. A shot container for insertion into cartridge shells comprising a tubular member having an open end and a closed end, a wad disposed in said container below the edge of the opening at the end thereof to cause the walls of said tubular member to extend slightly apart from the exposed surface of said wad to provide an air space between said wad and the powder chamber of said cartridge, and a plurality of shot fills ing the space between said wad and the closed end of said tubular member.

15. A shot container for insertion into cartridge shells, comprising a tubular member having an open end and a closed end, and a wad for closing the open end of said tubular member, said wad being positioned relative to the end of said tubular member to provide an air space within said cartridge below said wad when said shot container is inserted into a cartridge shell.

16. A shot charge for cartridge shells, comprising a cylindrical container having a semi-spherical closed end, a plurality of shot filling said container, and a wad for closing the open end of said container and for holding the said shot therein, the outer surface of said wad being spaced from the bottom edges of Asaid container to provide an air space when the said charge is inserted into a cartridge shell charged with explosive material.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification on this 12th day of July A. D. 1922.

CHARLES LE ROY HOLDEN.

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