US1550460A - Train-control-valve construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 18,, 1925. 1,550,460

C. F. SHADLE TRAIN CGNTROL VALVE CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet l *FIET E' 69 e W M INVENTOR.

(Myra/v F 5/1/9045.

A TTORNEYSI Au 1s, 1.925. 1,550,460

C. F. SHADLE TRAIN CONTROL VALVE CONSTRUCTION INVENTOR. (2 wrom F 5/1/9015 A TTORNEYS.

Aug. 18, 1925.

C. F. SHADLE TRAIN GONTROLNALVE CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 11, 1924 INVENTOR. KZ/Nra/v/FSY/YME.

Patented Aug. 18, 1925.

UNITED s CLINTON F. SHADLE, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO INDIANA EQUIP- MENT oonronn'rrom; or INDIANAPOLIS; INDIANA, A conrona'rrolvi TRAIN-GQNTRO'LLVALVE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed. January 11, 1924.1 Serial No.- 685,559.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, CLINTON FL, SHADLE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and Stateof Indiana, have invented acertain new and useful Train-Gontrol-Valve Construction; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description thereof,creference being had to the accompanying drawings in which like numeralsrefer, to like parts.

This invention relatesto a train control system, and particularly to a valve construction included in said system. This invention also is an improvement upon :and an extension of a valve construction: illustrated and described in the co-pending application, SerialNo. 621,262, filed February 26, 1928.

The chief object of the invention isnto provide a valve constructionsofth general rharacteir 'hereinbefore indicated Which .is adapted to function in a completetrain control system, or be otherwise applied as found desirable. i

The! chief feature ofthe invention consists in providing for a fluid cpressureconduit, an exhaust construction controllediby a valve, which valve is electro pneumatically controlled, and which exhaust is of a determinable character. Said exhaust is adapted to be manually controlled and is also adapted to be automaticallycontrolled by electro-pneumatic means. Said electropneumatic controls are connected in parallel both electrically and pneumatically and are so arranged structurally that one of the controls is only operable when the otherv control is operated,

Another and important feature of the-invention consists in providing an additional fluid pressure conduit, which also exhausts through the beforementioned exhaust construction and which is also controlled by the first-mentioned exhaust cont-rolling valve. T c "Still av further feature of the present invention consists inra normally open fluid pressure conduit which is simultaneously closed. by ithe cfirst men tion'ed valve vwhen both, of the fluid pressure conduits previously described are'assoeiated with the exhaust. The necessity for this particular construction is that in the present railway equipment upon heavy locomotives, it is imis unable to maintain the train possible for the engineer or engineman to know whether or not the driver brakes are creeping until such creepagej 1s. sufiicient to exert pressure by thebrake-shoes upon the .t1res, causing a heating of the latter and finally the throwingof the same.

Brake creepage of the engine brakes including drivers is caused by a drop in train pipe pressure-in the train line. On long freight trains, aswell as passenger trains where the pressure-is relatively high, the supply :pump ipe pres sure against train pipe leakage. buchleakage or drop in pressure causes the distributing valve piston to move from its normal position sufliciently which permits-air-to leak through to the graduating valve, moving the same suflicientlyto permit air to leak through to the engine brakecylinders, thus causing said creepage. In the present type of heavy locomotives, a U-pipe connection has been applied as ably-pass connecting the distributing valve. to the release brake, which 1 eliminates the foregoing -creepage.: The addition of an automatic control to a locomotive so'equipped will not function perfectlyunles's the train control valve construction herein described controls this U-pipe connection or'by-pass aswelly Still a further feature of :the invention which is capable of a broader application than the foregoing is "th'e'control of-a 'res'tricted communication from the exhaust conduit to the exhaust, which secures a re- 1n the exhaust 1f tardation or choking effect desired.

Another feature of the invention whlch is herein associated with the foregoing retardation or choking effect is the control of a control valve, whereby the same may be manually rendered operative or? inoperative, thereby providing for which is known as the high speed or low speed braking usually of the unitary valve construction, exhaust means associated therewith, a control therefor, and a pipe bracket mounting for said valve. Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4 and in the direction of the arrows with the exhaust removed therefrom, and a portion of the pipe bracket broken away. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 and in the direction of the arrows and illustrates in detail the restricted communication and control therefor. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the parts shown in Fig. 4 and is similar thereto except that the main valve is shown in a second position.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the valve face and is taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6 and in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the valve seat and is taken on the line 88 of Fig. 6 and in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 9 is a central sectional view of a graduating adjustable exhaust construction included in the valve construction. Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view of an electro-pneumatic valve associated with the valve construction. Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of the electric and pneumatic connections embodied in the invention. Fig. 12 is an elevational view of the invention taken from the opposite end of that shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the pipe bracket. Fig. 14 is a front elevational view of the same. Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 1515 of Fig. 5 and in the direction of the arrows.

In Fig. 11 of the drawings there is diagrammatically illustrated the valve construction with its connections and the various controls. In this figure, illustrates a valve body which contains a piston 21. The piston 21 is operated by air pressure upon either face thereof, and said piston in its movement carries a valve member 22 to and fro. The valve member 22 is adapted to sever the connection between the pipe 23 and the pipe 24 (which connection herein includes one portion of the valve body 20) and is adapted to close the pipe 23 and make a connection between the pipe 24 and a discharge pipe or conduit 25. The valve mem ber 22 also is adapted to sever the connection between the lines 26 and 27 connected through and by said valve 22 when in the running position, but disconnected and blanked when in the exhausting or second position. The valve is also adapted to blank and uncover the pipe .24 in the same movement.

The discharge conduit discharges into a chamber 28 which normally communicates with said conduit 25 by a restricted communication. The conduit also is adapted to communicate with the chamber 28 in free communication by means of a valve 29 carried by a stem 30. Communicating with the chamber 28 is an exhaust construction 31 which may be. of any preferred construction, but herein is illustrated as of the grad uated type and provided with adjustable means for regulating the same.

From the foregoing, therefore, it will be apparent that the exhaust 31 is controlled by the valve 22 and an intermediate control, the valve 29. A piston 32 is carried by the stem and is operable in a chamber 33, one face being exposed to the chamber 28. Pressure is supplied to the chamber 33, to maintain the valve 29 in the closed position, throughthe conduit 35, which conduit is connected to an elec-tro-pneumatic valve 36. The exhaust construction 31 is shown in detail in Fig. 9 and the electro-pneumatic valve 36 is shown in detail in Fig. 10. The electro-pneumatic valve 36 is provided with an exhaust 37, and pressure is supplied thereto by a conduit 38. The conductors 39 and 40 control said electro-pneumatic valve, and herein the operation of the same is that when current is not supplied to said valve, the pressure supplied through the conduit 38 is cut off, and the air supplied to the cylinder 33 by the conduit 35 formerly in communication with the conduit 38 is exhausted through the port or vent 37, thereby releasing the pressure in the chamber 33 to permit the air pressure in the conduit 25 to open said valve 29 and thus secure free communication to the exhaust 31. The manually operable means 41 is so associated with the valve 29 that said valve may be maintained in an operative condition, or in an inoperative condition, as desired. The purpose of this will be explained hereinafter.

The piston 21 is included in a chamber 42 connected by a conduit 43 to another electropneumatic valve 44 substantially similar to that shown at 36 and illustrated in detail in Fig. 10. A conduit 45 connects said electropneumatic valve 44 with the conduit 38 to a common supply conduit 46. Thus, the electro-pneumatic valves are connected in parallel pneumatically. The electro-pneumatic valve 44 is provided with a vent 47, and said valve construction is adapted to cut off the pressure supplied through the conduit 45 to the chamber 42 through the conduit 43 and exhaust the pressure in said chamber through the vent 47. The operation of this valve is controlled by the circuit wires 48 and 49; the wire 49 and the wire 39 of the other electropneumatic valve 36 being connected together to connect said valves in parallel electrically. Suitable means for controlling the circuits 48-49 struction will be described in. detail.

and 39-450 may be provided, but herein the same forms no part of the present invention. In Fig. lithe normal operative positions'oif the parts are illustrated and the full line arrows indicate the direction of air flow or pressure; while the dotted lines indicate the direction of the air flow after the valves have been operated.

Bei'ore'proceeding to a description of the valve proper, two of the parts associated therewith and included in the valve con- In Fig. 1 1 the numeral 81 indicates an exhaust construction. In Fig. 9 the details of said construction are shown. This valve is known the lVestingnouse E. Speed Valve, and is illustrated in the Instruction Pamphlet No. 50341914, entitled the lb. and N. Passenger Car. The parts of this valve are the body 54, cap nut 55, valve stem 56, stem 57, spring 58, regulating nut 59 and locking ring 60. vi li-en the pressure in the cavity 01 is suiiicient to overcome the pressure exerted by the tension of the spring 58, the valve 56 is raised from its seat, which upward movement closes the end oft-he port 62 in the valve bushing and opens the ports 03, permitting air to flow through the conduit 61 through the chamber 64 and port 63 to the shroud chamber 170 and thence to the atmosphere through the port 171. As the pressure below the valve decreases, the tension of the spring 58 forces the valve 56 downward which restricts the opening at the port 63 to the atmosphere and opens the upper end of the. port 62 to the spring chamber 65. Although the spring chamber 65 is open to the atmosphere at all times through he ports 66, these ports are suiliciently small to restrict the exhaust so that the pressure builds up very rapidlyin the spring chamber 65 and assists the spring 58 in forcing quickly the valve 56 to its seat. Adjustment of this valve construction is that described in the beforementioned pamphlet and may be observed from Fig. 9. Thus within certain limits the closing pressure can be regulated, as well as the pressure at which the valve will open, and moreover this valve opens and closes with a quick action, permitting air to escape to the atmosphere .quiclrly when opened and causing the valve to seat firmly and promptly when closed. Thus, an adjustable graduating exhaust is secured. The shroud 170 reduces the usual intermittent forceful putt-like exhausts to a pulsating intermittent exhaust. As shown clearly in Fig. 9 and also in Fig.5, the air discharged through the exhaustconstruction indicated generally by the numeral 31 passes through filter or screen 67 from the valve'construction, the details of which will be hereinafter. described.

Since the. electro- pneumatic controls 36 and 44, see Fig. 11, are substantially simi- Vstem 101.

lar, a description of one will suiiice for an understanding of them both, and herein such construction is illustrated in Fig. 10, and this is substantially a standard construction and is illustrated and described in the Railway Electrical Engineer, page 313, of September 19, 1919. It may be assumed that we are describing this constructionwith reference to the electro-pneumatic control 44, and herein the body portion is indicated by said numeral 44. The body portion is connected to the pressure supply pipe 45 and to the outlet or conduit The body 44 is provided with twochannels or conduits 8'? and 88 which communicate respectively with the conduits 45 and 43. The conduit 87 discharges into a chamber 89 and the conduit 88 communicates with a chamber 90. A plug 91 is provided with a channel 92 and includes a valve seat 923 closed by a conical valve 94 having a stem 95 which extends through the conduit 92. The valve 94 carries a spring seat 96 with which is associated a spring 97 retained in position by a spring retainer and plug closure 98. Thespring 0'? tends to maintain the valve 96 in closed position. Communicating with the chamber 95 and by means of the plug 91 conduit 99 controlled by a valve 100 carried by the stem 101. The conduit 99 discharges into the chamber'102, which has free access to the atmosphere at 1.03. The position of the construction hereinbetore described is such that communication is provided betweenthe conduits 45 and 43 but when operated it closes or severs said connection and permits the air in the conduit 43 to discharge through the port 108 to the atn'iosphere. The means for operating said electro-pneumatic valve or control is as follows: A core 101 is threaded into the body portion 44 and has a channel 105 extending longitudinally therethrough.- Said channelis adapted to slidably support the valve stem 101. Concentric with the core 104 and supported by the body portion 44 is an electro-magnet 106 which comprises a solenoid having the terminals: 107. Said magnet is secured in position and retained therein by the locking nut 108 which engages the core 104. The valve stem 101 which passes through the channel 106 of the core 104 carries an armature 109. Said armature is slidablysupported in a cover 110, which together with the body portion 111, integral with the bodyportion 104, forms a closed housing for the one electromagnet construction. The closure 112 slidably'supports an extension 118 of the valve lVhen the elect-ro-magnet is energized, the same operates the valve through the armature and maintains communication In order to prevent rotational movement of the valve by reasonof rotational movement of the stem, a pin 11 1: is interposed in the path of the stem 101; and while pe anitting longitudinal movement, prevents rotational movement thereof. Deene zation of the electro-magnet permits air in the pipe 3 to exhaust through the port 103.

Reference will now be had more particularly to Figs. 1 to i inclusive, and Figs. 12, 13 and 14, wherein the pipe bracket or valve mounting is illustrated. Herein the same is shown including a substantially rectangular plate 50 having the bolt openings 51 at the corners thereof fonsecnring the same to a suitable support, such the locomotive, in the most convenient position thereon. Herein said plate 50 is shown provided with a raised portion 68, which raised portion 68 includes a projecting portion 69 provided with a threaded opening 70 by which the valve is secured thereto. Qther openings 71 are provided in the raised portion 68 for the same purpose. Herein the raised portion 68 is recessed or channeled at '72, and this channeled construction is adapted, by a suitable gasket means associated therewith, to form leak-proof connections to the valve construction hereinafter to be described. Herein the following openings are provided, 73, 7d, 75, 76, 7?, 78 and 79.

Each of these openings communicates with a conduit which terminates in a threaded opening. Said threaded openings, as follows, are connected to the before-men tioned openings, respectively, in the recessed portion 72, to-wit: 80, 81, 82, 83, 8 1, S5 and 86. The threaded opening 80 is adapted to be connected by a conduit to the electromagnet valve control at and supply pressure to and relieve pressure from the chamber 42. The threaded opening 81 is adapted to be connected to the pipe 2%. The threaded opening 32is adapted to be connected to the pipe The threaded opening 83 is adapted to be connected to the pipe 27; and the threaded opening 8% is adapted to be connected to the pipe 26. The threaded opening 85 is adapted to be connected to the conduit supplying pressure to and relieving pressure from the chamber controlled by the other elect1'o-piiei .niiic valve The threaded opening 86 is adapted to be connected to the fiui d pressure line 21 normally closed by the valve 22.

Reference will now be had particularly to Figs. 3 to 8 inclusive and Figs. 11 and 15 wherein the detailed construction of the automatic valve and associated parts is illustrated in detail. It will be remembered that the valve body has been indicated by the numeral 20, and in said body there is formed a chamber 12. Said chamber 42 is adapted to receive a piston 21 carried by a valve stem 115. The stem 115 extends into and through the chamber 53 within the body 20;

slide or F-valve 22.

and upon its opposite end there is a piston 116 with which is associated a coiled spring 11"? retained in position by a spring closure and can 113 having a threaded engagement with the closure 119 also having a threaded engagement with the body 20 concentric with the cylinder Mounted within the cylinder or chamber 53 is a tubular sleeve 120 whicl is recessed at 121 to form a groove or trough adapted to slidably receive the The slide or D-valve 22 is acti. ed by the stem 115 which is suitably providen with the enlargements 122 for said purpose. The usual spring 123 is associated with the beli'orementioned slide and is pted to maintain said slide valve upon its The valve 22 is provided with a lonhnally extending groove or channel 124: which is offset at 125 and is inclined as at 126. The valve is also provided with a channel or groove 12?. The valve seat 121, see Fig. 8, is provided with a port 129; another port 130 in substantial alignment therewith and a port 131 to one side thereof. Also to one side, but oppositely positioned, is pair of ports 132 and 133. As shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 6, the valve member 22 is adapted to close the port 131 when positioned as shown in Fig. 1-, and to lnaintain the ports 132 and 133 in communication. The valve 22 likewise does not cover the port 129 but does cover the port 130 when in this position. he port 130, however, is adapted to communicate with the chamber 121 by means of the restricted passage 13%. This is to permit any air trapped in the passages 12 1-, 125 and 126 to escape therefrom and discharge into the port 130. lVhen the valve member 22 is moved into the position shown in Fig. 4, as hereinafter will be explained more in detail, the communication between port 129 and the chamber 53 is severed, and said port 129 thereupon is connected to the port 130. Likewise, the port -31 is connected to the port 130 while the ports 132 and 133 are disconnected and are blanked.

It will be remembered that the pipe bracket 50 was provided with a recessed channel 72 and three openings 70 and 71. The valve body 20 is provided with a triangular fiange 135 by which the same is secured to the pipe bracket 50, as shown most clearly in Figs. 1, 2 and 12 by suitable means such as the bolts 136 and nuts 137 respectively.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 3 and 4t, and herein it will be noted that the threaded oli ening 83 in the pipe bracket through the opening 76 communicates with a registering opening in the valve body which in turn communicates with the passage 133. The threaded opening 31 through the open ing '4"? similarly communicates with a registering opening in turn communicating with. the conduit 139. The conduits 138 and 139 register respectively, see Fig. 8, with the ports '132 and 1331'in'the valve seat; The threaded opening 85 throughthe opening 7 8 and a registering'open-ing in the pipe bracket which communicates with a conduit 140, terminates at 141- in the chamber 33, see

Fig; 5. The threaded opening 81 through the' port 74 and registering port in th'evalve body" communicates with the conduit 142 that registers with, see Fig. 8','the valve seat opening 129. Likewise,the threaded opening 86 through the opening 79 communicates with a registering opening'in the valvebody thatcommunicates with a conduit 143 which registers with the opening 131 in said valve struction'escapes through the port 130 and the restricted opening 134' to the channel.-

124 in the valve, and thence to the valve seat opening 144 and the restricted duct 145 to the atmosphere, to reduce and equalize the same to atmosphericpressure, thereby relieving the pressure in the exhaust construction when the valve 22 is: not in the exhausting position. The port 130, see Figs. 3, 4 and 8, communicateswith a conduit 146, which conduit 146 isextended laterally at 147 to a body extension 220. The body extension 220 forms a chamber 25, the same as conduit 25 shown in the diagram in Fig. 11. In said body extension220 there is formed the chamber 28 and the chamber 33. Here'- in the conduit 25 isformedby a bushing 148 having a valve seat 149 adapted to receive and seat the valve 29L The valve 29 has a stem 150 cross shaped in outline, and this terminates in a projection 151 about which is coiled a compression spring 152 retained in position and under compressionby the cap 153. The opposite side of the valve 29 is provided with a boss 154 having a recess 155 adapted to receive the stem 156 of a piston 32. The piston 32 is positioned in the chamber 33 supplied with pressure by the conduit 140 at 141 as previously explained, and the chamber 33 is closed by 'a head 157, which head is apertured to 're-- ceive a stem 158 carrying an abutment or bumper 159 positioned within the chamber 133 and adapted to engage the piston 32 for adjusting or limiting the movement there of. A threaded connection on said stem 153 is shown at 160 and exteriorly positioned and secured to thethreadied portion is a hand wheel 161, whereby said bumper may be adjusted laterally with respect to the piston 32to maintain the piston in any position and thus] maintain the valve 29 in closed position or only permit Said valve to pending upon the adjusted stroke ofthe piston 32. The chamber 28 into which the conduit 25 discharges includes a drain cook 19 and discharges by means of the conduit 162 through the screen 67 'to'the channel or chamberz6l, see Fig. 9, of 'the'exhaust con-- struc tion previously described, which exhaust construction has a'threadedconnec tion 163 as shown in Figs. 5 and 9.

Reference will now'be'had particularly to Figs. '5 and 15, and in these figures the means for securing restrict-ed communication between the chamber28 and the conduit 25 orconduit 147is preferably illus trated as included in the valve construction. Broadly, however, it may be independent of said valve construction, although it may be made variable or adjustable by equivalent constructions. Herein the valve29 is shown provided with a plurality of ports of variable size' extending therethroughl Herein the port 164 is shown open; while the port 165 of different diameter is shown closed by a plug 166; Similarly, the ports 167 and 168 are similarly controlled. hen it is desired to decrease the amount "of restriction in the restricted communication, the

desired plug or plugs in the openings or ports 165,167and 168 are removed. This provides a readily accessible and removable adjustable construct-ion which'could not be 7 obtained if the restricted communication were provided through the body portion. "Reference will now be had particularly to Figs. -'4, 5, 6'and 11. The operation of the valve constructionis as follows: Fluid un-' der pressure is supplied'bythe pipe 23 to the chamber 53 and this passes through said chamber and through the cond'uit 24 to the desired destination. The pressure exerted upon the piston 21 to move the same and the valve 22' from the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig; 6' is the difler ential area between "the piston 21 and 116 times the pressure supplied to the chamber. Upon the opposite face of the piston 21 and in the chamber 22, there is exerted a pressure substantially equal to the pressure supplied in the pipe 23,'but said pressure may be ing the same. In the "particular-system in whichth-is valve has-been incorporated, the pipe 24 is connected to the brake pipe or its equivalent.-- hen the elec-tio-pneumatic val-ye "is energizedtoex'hanst through t be opened to a predetermined amount, de-

vent. 47, the pressure in the chamber 42 is relieved and said exhaustion permits the pressure in the chamber 53 to move the piston 21 together with the valve 22 into the position in Fig. 6. When in this position, the pipe 24 is cut off from communieating with the chamber 53. If the conduit 23 is directly connected with the conduit 24, then said connection will be severed and the conduit 23 blanked and the conduit 2 1- connected to the conduit 25 by means of the valve 22. As herein illustrated the conduit 23 is blanked, although it is in free communication with the chamber 53. The pressure in this chamber serves to maintain the slide valve 22 upon its seat and in sealing posi tion. Simultaneously the conduit 24 is connected to said exhaust conduit 25. When the exhausting pressure is supplied to this exhaust conduit, the same passes through the restricted communication into the chamber 28 and thence to the discharge or adjustable graduating exhaust 31. Since, as shown in Fig. 11, high pressure air is supplied to the chamber 33 through the conduit 35 controlled by an electro-pneumatic control 36, the valve 29 will remain seated until such time as said electro-pneumatic control is actuated. hen this occurs the pressure in the chamber 33 is relieved but the valve 29 does not open immediately unless the spring 152 is sufliciently strong for such purpose. The valve 29, however, will open immediately upon the supply of air pressure to the conduit 25. When it is desired to prevent or to cut out the operation of the high speed brake and secure only slow speed braking, the hand wheel 161 is turned to force the bumper 159 into engagement with the piston and move said piston to its extreme position for maintaining the valve 29 upon its seat independent of the operation of the electro-pneumatic control 36. In addition to the foregoing arrangement, the operation of the several parts of the valve construction, the conduits 26 and 27 are included as a part of a train braking system and normally are in communication with each other. In certain instances where long trains are handled, what is known as a U-pipe connection is provided as previously explained and the features thereof are retained herein by connecting the pipes 26 and 27 as such through the valve 22. Thus the valve 22 severs said U-pipe connection when moved into the position shown in Fig. 6, and this cooperation among the several parts of the valve is necessary under the before-mentioned conditions, although it may be omitted when said conditions do not apply.

In the foregoing specifications and in the following claims exhaust is intended to broadly include any exhaust port or exhaust mechanism unless otherwise modified- Likewise, the terminology pipe, line, conduit, passage are used interchangeably and are to be considered as equivalents.

While the invention has been described in great detail in the foregoing specifications, the same is to be considered illustrative and not restrictive in character, for the invention consists in the broad combination and assembly of parts whereby a predetermined operation under predetermined conditions and by means of predetermined adjustments can be obtained. The various modifications which will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art to which this invention applies are all considered to be within the broad purview of the invention as out lined by the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. A valve construction including in corrbination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication.

2. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, a graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication.

3. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connect ing said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supplying pipe for connecting the same to the exhaust in free communication.

1. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

5. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and pneumatic means for controlling said valve.

6. A valve construction including in com bination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and electric means for controlling said valve.

7. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said pneumatic condition.

haust in free communication, and electro-' pneumatic means controlling said valve.

8. A valve construction including in com bination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a cor.- duit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, pneumatic means i" r controlling said valve, and manually operable meansfor preventing valve operation.

9. A valve construction including in conr binationa pipe, an exhaust therefor, conduitnormally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, electric means for controlling said valve, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

10. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted. communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, electro-pneumatic means controlling said valve, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

11. A. valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a con duit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and an unbalanced pneumatic control for said va vc operable when the i'inbalancing is reversed.

12. A valve construction including in combination a. pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conrluit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree com .iunication, an unbalanced pneumatic control for said valve operable when the unbalancing is reversed, and electrical means for reversing the unbalancing.

13. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said iipe and said exhaust in tree communication, an unbalanced "pneumatic control for said valve operable when the unbalancing is reversed, and manually operablc means for preventing valve operation independent of the exhausting i i. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a. com duit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, an unbalanced pneumatic control for said valve operable when the unbalancing is reverse l, electrical means for reversing the unbalancing, and manually operable neans for preventing valve operation independent of the exhaustng pneumatic condition. y I

15. Avalve construction including in com- I bination a pipe, an adjustable exhaust the-reior, a. conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means for connecting said exhaust therefor, a conduit normally con necting said pipe one said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free comnnuiication.

17. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, an adjustable exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the same to'the exhaust in free comnuinication.

18. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, a graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means operable by heexhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the same to the exhaust in free communication.

19. A valve construction including in conibination a pressure supplying pipe, an adjustablegraduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, and valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the some to the exhaust in free communication.

20. A valve construction including in combination pipe, an adjustable exhaust there for, a conduit normally connecting said. pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said ex must in tree communica tion, and manually operable means for preventing valvc operation.

21. A valve construction including in com bination a pipe, an adjustable graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in re stricted communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

22. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, an ad- Lil iii)

justable exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the same to the exhaust in tree communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

23. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, a graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the same to the exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

24:. A valve construction including in combination a pressure supplying pipe, an adjustable graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connectin said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, Valve means operable by the exhausting pressure supplied thereto by the pressure supply pipe for connecting the same to the exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

25. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication.

26. A valve construction including in com bination a pipe, a graduating exhaust there for, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted cemmunication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication.

27. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an adjustable exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication.

28. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an adjustable graduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in r stricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, and valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication.

29. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an exhaust therefor, a con duit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communicat-ion, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

30. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, agraduating exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

31. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an adjustable exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in tree communication, and manualy operable means for preventing valve operation.

32. The combination of an exhaust, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure line, and a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust.

33. The combination of an exhaust, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure line, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust, and a balanced pneumatic control for controlling said valve.

The combination of an exhaust, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure li -e, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust, a balanced pneumatic control for controllin said valve, and an electrical control for distril uting said balance.

35. The combination of an exhaust conduit, an exhaust therefor, a restricted communication between said exhaust and said exhaustconduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure lines, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one o1 said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust conduit, and means controlling the restricted communication loctween said exhaust conduit and said exhaust.

The combination of an exhaust conduit, an exhaust therefor, a restricted communication between said exhaust and said exnaust conduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closedflui'd pressure lines, a single valve means "for el'osing said normally open fluid pressure li-nes and for connecting one of's'aid closed lines-and the normally closed line to saidexhaust conduit, and electrically operable means controlling the restricted. communication bet'i'veen said exhaust conduit and said exhaust.

37. The combination of an exhaust con-.

cally operable means controlling there-- stricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust. j a

38. The combination of an exhaust conduit, an exhaust therefor, restricted communication between said exhaust and said exhaust conduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure line, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust conduit, and electropneui'mitieally operated means controlling the restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust.

39. The combination of an exhaust conmunication between said exhaust and said exhaust conduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressure line, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust conduit, and means operable by the exhausted pressure controlling the restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust. 7

4:0. The combination of an exhaust conduit, an exhaust therefor, a restricted communication between said exhaustand' said exhaust conduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and normally closed fluid pressureline, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust conduit, means controlling the restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, and manually operablemeans for preventing the operation of said controlling means.

41; The combination of an exhaust conduit, an exhaust therefor, a restricted communication between said exhaust and said exhaust conduit, a plurality of normally open fluid pressure lines, another and nor mally closedfluid pressure line, a single valve means for closing said normally open fluid pressure. lines and for connecting one of said closed lines and the normally closed line to said exhaust conduit, means operable by the exhausted pressure controlling the restricted .cominiuiication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, and manua'lly operable means for preventing the operation of said controlling means.

all The combination of a fluid pressure conduit, an exhaust, conduit therefor, a valv controlling said exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and saidjexl1aust,and a second valve forsecuring unrestricted communication therebetween. r

' lid. The combination f a pair of normally communicating,fluid pressure lines, a third fluid pressure line, .an exhaust conduit, a valve for severing the communication b tween said of lines and connecting one of said connected lines and said third line to the exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, and a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween.

44, The combination of a fluid pressure conduit, an exhaust conduit therefor, a valve controlling said exhaust, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween, and means for varying the restriction in said communication.

l5. The combination of a pair of normally communicating fluid pressure lines, a third fluid pressure line, an exhaust conduit, a valve for severing the communication between said pair of lines and connecting one of said connected lines and said third line to the exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said ex haust conduit and said exl'iaust, a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween, and means for varying the restriction in said communication.

46. The combination of a fluid pressure conduit, an exhaust conduit therefor, a valve controlling said exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, asecond valve for securing unrestricted comn'iunication therebetween, and manually operable means preventing the "operation of said second valve.

47. The combinationof a pair of normally. communicating fluid pressure lines, a third fluid pressure line, an exhaust conduit, a valve for severing the communication between said pair of lines and connecting one of said connected lines and said third line to the exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a rernebqeco stricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween, and manually operable means for preventing the operation of said second mentioned valve.

48. The combination ofa pair of normally communicating fluid pressure lines, a third fluid pressure line, an exhaust conduit, a valve for severing the communication between said pair of lines and connecting one of said connected lines and said third line to the exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween, means for varying the restriction in said communication, and manually operable means for preventing the operation of said second mentioned valve.

49. The combination of a fluid pressure conduit, an exhaust conduit therefor, a valve controlling said exhaust conduit, an exhaust, a restricted communication between said exhaust conduit and said exhaust, a second valve for securing unrestricted communication therebetween, means for varying the re striction in said communication, and manually operable means for preventing the operation of said second valve.

50. A valve construction including in combination a pipe, an adjustable graduat ing exhaust therefor, a conduit normally connecting said pipe and said exhaust in restricted communication, means for varying the restriction in said communication, valve means for connecting said pipe and said exhaust in free communication, and manually operable means for preventing valve operation.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature.

CLINTON F. SHADLE.

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