US1548029A - Ejector apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1925.

R.N. EHRHART EJEcu-oa APPAnAUs original Filed' sept. 18 1918 Patented fang. 1i, 19225.

UNITED STATES y PATENT ermee.

RAYMOND N. minnaar, or Encrzwocm,v

MANUFACTURING COMTANY, A COR,retail:.ION'or1 EENNSYL- House ELECTRICi a VANIA.

PENNSYLVANIA, SSIG'NR T0 WESTING EJECTOR APPARATUS.

Application filed September 18, 1918, Serial No. 254,663.V Renewed November 15, 1919. Serial No. 338,326.

T0 all whom t may concern.' j

Be it known that I, RAYMOND N. EHR- HART, a cit-izen of the United States, and a resident of Edgewood, in the county of Allegheny and 4State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and .useful Invention in Ejector Apparatus, of which the ollowingis a specij stage or stages, although multi-stage ejec-k tors have been provided with inter-conden-v that the ejectingv sers or coolers so arranged fluid of the initial stage orl stages is ycondensed' and subsequent stages are vthereby relieved of the work of ejecting this fluid;

Ejectors so equipped are usually objectionable both from the standpoint of initial" cost and the cost of maintenance and operation. The interstage and final condensers complicate the apparatus and increase the cost of manufacture' and the cost of installing and also occupy considerable space.

An object of this invention is'to producean ejector equipped with an inter-stage condenser or cooler which is simple and compactA and relatively cheap to manufacture and which is self-contained and forms in effect a single unit.

A further object is to produce aniejectrf apparatus in which a single water jet ejector serves to condense the ej ecting fluid issuing from the various stages of the ejectors.

Another object is to produce an ejector apparatus having an interstagev` cooler or condenser which is simple to operate and is durable and eflicient. y V

Another object is to produce an ejector apparatus 'wherein-'a'condenser is interposed be'- tween the final stage ofl the yejector and the feed tank, and forms a part of the ejector ap-VA paratus, thereby eliminating the usual pip-l ing and conserving a maximumamountv of heat.

after appear, are attained by the apparatus embodying the `fr`eature$ disclosed in the' M3 These and .other objects which lwill herein-` companying drawing, which illustrates one embodiment of the invention.

The figure is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawing, the apparatus includes a multi-stage ejector comprising an initial stage ejector 2, and a linal stage ejector 3, arranged to operate in series. The initial stage ejector 2 includes a combining or suction chamber 4, and a diffuser 5, through which the combined air and steam passes to the finalstage ejector 3. The combining chamber 4 is adapted to communicate with a condenser G-through an air offtake port 7, and the motive fluid is supplied to the ejector throught-he conduitS and divergent expansion nozzles pand the motive fluid vand discharge it ata high velocity through the combiningchain-v ber 4 and into the diffuser 5.

The steam'issu'ingxfrom, the diEuserv 5 is receivedby a condensing chamber 10 and is there subjected to the condensing action of a water jetejector which includes a water delivery nozzle 11 supplied with water under pressure through a' water conduit 12 extending through the casing'of the chamber 10. The nozzle 11 is directed downwardly and discharges through acombining and collect'- ing cone 13, which is mounted within the casing some distance below the end of the nozzle 11, and is designed to collect the water delivered from the nozzle 11 and to deliver it in "a substantially .unbroken stream to the flared upperfend of a diffuser 14, which extends 3 downwardly through the diffuser 19 ofthe final stage ejector 3. The water delivered to the nozzle 11 need be only at 'a pressure slightly above atmosphere, since a moderate vacuum exists at the discharge end of the dilfuser 5, and consequently a great amount of velocity energy` is not necessary to cause the water to force its way through the diffuser 14. The position of the nozzle 11 with relation to the inlet of the diffuser 14 must be such as to expose sufficient surface of the water jet issuing from the nozzlev 11 lto accomplish'the necessary 'condensa-v tion of the steam within the condensingchamber 10. f The inlet of thev diffuser 14 should also be materiallyabove the ejector 3, soas to prevent the motive steam delivered to the ej ectorBv from being drawn into the diffuser. It will be apparent that the jet of water issu ing from the nozzle ll Ilot'only cools 'the interior of the chamber 10 but also accomplishes condensation by mechanically entraining steam Wit-hin the chamber 10 and delivering it ,through the diffuser 14. In other Words, the nozzle 11, combining and collecting cone 13 and diffuser 114 operate as a combined condenser and ejector, the entrained steam being condensed by contact WithV the Water in traversing the passages of the Water ejector.

The final stage ejector 3 consists of an annular expansion nozzle or an annular series of expansion nozzles 17, a combining chamber 18 and adiffuser 19. The chamber 18 surrounds the upper end of the diffuser 14 and is in open communication With the chamber 10. The diffuser 19 is annular in form and surrounds the diffuser 14.

The diffuser 14 terminates adjacent the loiverend of the diffuser 19, and discharges the Water passing through it against a coni-- cal spreader 2O, located Within the diffuser 19 and below the discharge end of the diffuser: 14. The spreader 20 deflects the Water radially ytoward the outer Walls of the diffuser 19, thereby forming a conical sheet of Water extending from the center of the diffuser to the Walls thereof, through which theV ffluid exhausting from the diffuser 19 must pass in exhausting to the atmosphere or into a feed tank 21 which may communicate with the exhaust of the multi-stage ejector.

Theefiiciency of the condenser is increased by reason of the Water jet ejector condenser functioning as ejector. The energy required for circulating the Water through the usual surface condenser vused in connection Wit-h ejector apparatus is therefore employed in an ejector embodying my invention in augmenting the ejector action. The cooling Water forI the Water jet ejector may be supplied by the condensate pump of the main condenser and therefore no additional circulating Vpumps are necessary for the operation of the apparatus. It Will be apparent, however, that the Water must be supplied at a pressure sufficient to produce sufficient velocity to accomplish the necessary velocity conversion Within the diffuser 14 since the pressure at the outlet of the diffuser 5 is less than that at the outlet of the diffuser 19, and Vit will be apparent that the apparatus is simple and compact, and that the condenser is, in effect, an integral part of the multi-stage ejector. The steam issuing from the initial stage vejector 2 is subjected to the condensing action of the Water jet traversing the chamber 10 and, in addition, is entrained by the Water jet, so that the major portion of the condensate resulting from the condensation of the steam in the chamber 10 is automatically discharged by the condensing jet.

'While I have illustrated and described but invention,

one embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, additions and omissions maybe made in the appal'atus described and illustrated Without departing from the spirit and scope of the as set forth by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. The combination With a multi-stage ejector, of a jet condenser adapted to entrain the exhaust from one ejector by means of the cooling fluid from the condenser, and to-discharge the condensate and cooling fluid into the diffuser of a second ejector.

2. rlhe combination With a multi-stage steam operated ejector, of a Water jet ejector having its suction in the diffuser of one stage `ejectorr and discharging into the diffuser of another stage ejector.

3. The combination with a multi-stage steam operated ejector, of a Water-jet ejector having its suction communicating with the diffuser of one ejector stage and discharging into an exhaust passage of a second ejector stage.

4,'The combination with a multi-stage steam operated ejector, of a Water jet ejector' having its suction communicating with the diffuser of one ejector stage and discharging radially into an exhaust passage of a second stage. A

5. The combination With a multi-stage steam operated ejector, of a Water jet ejector having its suction communicating With the diffuser of one ejector stage and discharging radially into the diffuser of another ejector stage.

6. A limiti-stage ejector operating in series comprising an ejector stage, including a diffuser, a Water jetejector having its suction in communication with the exhaust of the ejector stage, a second ejector stage having its mixing chamber and `diffuser surrounding the Water jet ejector and provided With expansion ynozzles surrounding the Water jet ejector, and means for discharging the fluids exhausted from the Water jet ejector into the exhaust passage of the second ejector stage.

7. A multi-stage ejector operating` in series comprising an ejector stage, including a dif-V fuser, a` Water jet ejector having its suction in communication With the diffuser of the ejector stage, a second ejector' stage having its mixing chamber and diffuser surrounding the Water jet and provided With expansion nozzles surrounding' the Water jet ejector, and means for discharging the fluids exhausted from the Water jet ejector across the exhaust of the second ejector stage.

8. Ejector apparatus comprising in combination a feed tank, a multi-stage steam operated ejector discharging into the feed tank and a zWater jet ejector having its suction I communicating with `the diffuser of one Cil stage and discharging into the discharge passage of the ejector stage opening into the feed tank.

9. Ejector apparatus comprising in combination a feed tank, a multi-stage steam operated ejector discharging directlyl into the feed tank and a water jet ejector having its suction communicating with the diffuser' of one stage and discharging into the diffuser of another ejector stage.

10. In combination with a multi-stage ejector, means for exposing fluid issuing from one stage of the ejector to the cooling action of a water jet, and means for exposing the fluid issuing from another stage of the ejector to the cooling action of water from the water jet.

11. In. combination with a 'multi-stage ejector, means for exposing fluid issuing from one stage of the ejector to the cooling action of a water et, a diffuser' receiving said jet and discharging so as to expose the fluid issuing from a subsequent stage of the ejector to the cooling action of water which has traversed said jet. Y

12. In combination with a fluid operated multi-stage ejector, a nozzle kfor delivering a ljet of water through an exhaust passage of a stage of the ejector, a diffuser spaced from said nozzle receiving the water from said nozzle and discharging the water Vthrough an exhaust passage of a subsequent stage of the ejector.

13. In combination in a fluid translating device, a combining chamber having an inlet port, a diffuser communicating therewith, a nozzle for delivering water to said combining chamber, and a plurality of' noz-l zles for delivering steam to said diffuser, said steam nozzles surrounding said water nozzle.

14:. In combination in a fluid translating device, a combining chamber having an inlet port, a diffuser communicating therewith, a nozzle for delivering motive steam to said diffuser, a nozzle for delivering water to said combining chamber, and a hollow member spaced from said Water nozzle fory receiving the jet from said water nozzle and a portion of the fluid to be entrained.

15. In combination, an initial ejector having a port adapted to communicate ywith a receptacle to be evacuated, and comprising a steam delivery nozzle and a diffuser communicating with said port and through which steam delivered from said nozzle passes and from which all the entraining and entrained fluid is delivered, a second ejector communicating therewith comprising a combining chamber, a diffuser communicating therewith, a nozzle for delivering steam into said diffuser, and means for subjecting the entraining and entrained fluid traversing said diffuser to the condensing action of a cooling medium.

16. In combination in a multi-stage ejector, a steam actuated initial stage communieating with a source of fluid to be expelled, and a second stage comprising a steam actuated ejector and a liquid actuated ejector operating vin parallel and receiving fluid from theJ initial stage.

17. An ejector apparatus comprising a steam operated initial stage, and a secondary stage comprising a steam actuated ejector and a liquid actuated ejector operating in parallel on fluid expelled from the first stage and in which the fluid traversing the working passages of the steam actuated ejector is subjected to the cooling action of liquid traversing the liquid actuated ejector.

18. In combination in an ejector apparatus, a fluid actuated ejector, means for exposing fluid entering the ejector to the condensing and cooling action of a liquid jet, and means for exposing the fluids issuing therefrom to the cooling action of liquid from said jet.

A19. In combination in an ejector apparatus, a steam actuated ejector, means for subjecting fluid entering the ejector to the entraining and cooling action of a. liquid jet, and means for subjecting the fluid traversin@ Workino' assa es of said e'ector to the cooling action of water from said jet.

20. In combination with a multi-stage ejector, each stage being actuated by a jet of condensable motive fluid, and an ejector condenser disposed in parallel with one of the stages of the ejector.

VIn testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 14th day of September, 1918.

RAYMOND N. EIIRHART.

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