US1540042A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

S A M O H T w E. 5 2 9 .1 2 e n u J on; BURNER Filed Sept. 9, 1922 lu b 6120mm;

' cnwmn w. Thomas, gm mm IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII /IIIllIII!III/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/ //III Il/IIIIIIlIlIIl/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Patented June 2, 1925. i

UNITED STATES EDWARD w. THOMAS, or i-rousron, TEXAS.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed September To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I EDWARD IV. 'lnonus,

a citizen of the United States, residing at ment in Oil Burners, of which thefollowing' is a full, clear, v tion such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use,

the same. 7

My invention relates to oil burners for use in sprayingoil in furnaces.

The object of my invention is to provide an oil burner for thepurpose stated, which maybe used for-either force or gravity feed, and which will thereby be adapted for employment either. on stationary or locomotive boilers. i

A, further object of any invention is to provide an oil .burner wherein the. oil is discharged from othe burner by an ejector effect through the force ofajet of steam, in the most eflicientmanner. 1 I Another object, is to provide a passage for the steam through the burner nozzle which will allow the use of the steam at a high temperature whereby the most efiioi'ent effect may beobtained. p 1

It is a furtherobject of. my invention to so construct the burner in a pluralityrof parts that the same-maybe made fluid-tight and may be .cleanedor repaired without dithculty when necessity arises. I I

It is also an object of my invention to form a removable wear plateupon the lip of the nozzle in suchmanner as to make said plate removable and replaceable when wear occurs. These and other objects and advantages .will most clearly appear from the more detailed description which follows, and thepoints of novelty therein will be set forth with more particularity in the claims appended hereto. r

Referring to the drawing herewithwherein a preferred embodiment of my invention is disclosed, Fig. 1 is a perspectiveview of my improved nozzle, showing the manner-in which it is connected up. Fig. 2 is central vertical section through the. nozzle.

Figs. 3 and e are perspective views showing the construction of the lip of the spraying nozzle used with my invention, and Fig. 5 shows a wear plate which I employ.

In forming this improved type of nozzle I employ an upper oil-conducting chamber,

and exact descrip downwardly directed opening 9 for the 9, 1822. Serial No. 587,182.

1. This chamber is approximately rectan gular in shape, having the rearward end extending upwardly slightly at2, and having a threaded opening 3 therein for connection with an oil-conducting pipe 4: extending to an oil supply tank, not shown. The chamher is somewhat flattened internally. at 5 and the forward end thereof is flared outwardly and provided with o enings at 6 through which bolts or screws maybe inserted for thepurpose of securing the nozzle in assembled position. The forward end. is curved and extended upwardly slightly at S. Spaced back slightly from the forward curved end of the chamber I provide a discharge of oil from the chamber.

The oil is drawn from the chamber and: discharged by means of a jet of steam, and to provide a passage for thissteam to-the forward end of the nozzle I form acl'ia'mber 10 similar in general outline to the oil chair ber 5. It has a threaded opening 11 at the, rearward end for connection with a steameonducting pipe 12, having connection with a steam boiler or other source of steam sup ply, The chamberis flattened similar to the one above, and is spaced slightly from the chamber 5by the thickening of the walls of thetwo chambers at 12 at the rearward end, and by means of a spraying "plate 13 then forwardly to'a point spaced slightly from the forward wall 16 of the chamber. By-thls means the passage of steam through the chamber 10 is directed downwardly be- I low the wall 14 around the forward end thereof, and then 'iipwardly through an opening '17 in the upper wall of the chamber innnediately' below the opening-9 inthe oilchamber above. o The steamchambcrand the oil chamber are spaced slightly from eachother at the forward end by, the spraying plate 13. This plate is shown in detailin Figs. 3 and I.- It is of the same width as the forward end of the nozzle and extends forward so astolie flush with the forward face 16 of'the steam chamber, It will be noted that this face of the steam chamber projects slightly beyond the forward wall of the oil chamber. The

upper surface of the plate 13 is cut away centrally thereof to provide a downwardly extending recess 18 terminating at the lip 19" over which the oil is allowed to run. A curved connecting member 20 is formed above and slightly forward of the lip 19 to connect the two sides of the plate as shown in Fig. 3, and to limit the discharge opening of the fuel. This connecting member is it-.

self spaced slightly rearwardly from the forward end ofthe plate-and thesides of the opening in front-ofthe lip are inclined or beveled outwardly at-21 so as to'form a fanshaped opening for the discharge of the oil H intothecombustion chamber.

()n the lower side of the plate 13 is formed a similar recess 22, beveled upwardly and terminating in a downwardly extending flange 2.3 of short lengtlnbetween which and 'the upper faceof the oil chamber below is formed a constricted flattened passage 24 for the steam. The discharge of steam under pressure from this constricted passage has been found to wear the surface of the plate somewhat, and I therefore contemplate the provisionwofa removable wear plate 30 of hardened steel between the lower face of the plate 13 and the chamber 10. This plate is shapedtofit-the plate 13 and has anopening 25therein registeringwith theopenin 'li to allow the exit of steam. This plate w ll protect the st eamchamber surface from wear and may be replacedwhen worn.

Inthe operation of this device'the oil is ordinarily admitted by gravity through the pipe t' into the chamber 5 of the burnerthrough which-itpasses to the opening 9 and downwardly upon the beveled discharge plate at 18. The'steam'ent'ering through the pipe 12 tothelower chamber 10, passes around tlKB fOIWQId' end of the baffle 14 and upwardly through the opening 17,-into the space be ow the plate 13', and issues under pressure-through the constricted passage 24:

' and outwardly through the fan-shaped openi ng'in the nozzle. This steam, ejected with force, acts as an ejector to'draw the fuel oil,

outwardlyi-from the chamber 5 above. It will thus-be noted that theoil willbe-blown from the nozzleof the burner bytheforce of the steam, even-though it enters the nozzle simply .by the force of gravity. The oil will flow downwardly over the lip 19 in a thin filnnand: willxbe caught by the steam and discharged with great force through the forwardopening at 21, and will issue in a fanshaped spray into the firebox. A narrow passage between the walls 21 will be'sufficient. to accommodate a large amount of oil when thus: dischargedwith great force. The nozzleitself is set in the rear end of the the box and will be heated to a high temperature by the combustion within the furnace. The passage of the steam below the separating wall or .balile14 in the forward end of the nozzle and around the forward end of said wall, will allow the steam tobe somewhat super-heated to a'high temperature before it issues beneath the lip 19. It will therefore be a dry steam, and willbe projected out under high pressure. This atomizes and gasifies the oil and facilitates the action of the nozzle to a marked degree.

The formation of the burner in two sections as shown, makes it possible to construct the burner most effectively, and will allow for expansion and contraction under heat, thus preventing crack ng. No opening forleakage of gas aboutthe-burner will be all0wed,and* defects in the burner whereby gas might escape maybe easily remedied.

Theremovable spraying plate 13' is secured firmly in position between the two parts of the nozzle when the screws or bolts 7 are extended downwardly through the twoparts of the burner and the plate, and no tendency for leakage about the nozzle will exist. \Vhen it i's desirable at any time to clean the parts of the burner, this may be done through the provision of an opening at 26 toward'the rearward end ofthe oil chamber. l his opening will be closed by screw threaded plug 27 under ordinary circum-- stances, but this plug may be removed and a steam jet inserted in said opening and the chamber 5 thoroughly cleaned, even when 7 the burner is operating. The; lower steam chamber .10 may bealso-cleaned at its for: ward end by a similar opening 28, closed by the plug 29; i

The-use of this type of burner will make it possible to use heavy grades of oil without the necessity of heating such: oil-beyond theordinary atmospheric temperature.

Thisis due largely to the efiicient action ofthe steam jet and the-construction of thenozzle whereby the ejectoractionis exerted upon the oil as it is drawn; downwardly over the llgi 19. I have thus provided a strong and e cient burner which may be economically constructed and which will" last for between said openings, there being an oil conducting passage the lower side of which terminates'ina spray lip on the upper sideof" said plate,eanda constricted passage'belowsaid lip for the steam, said burner hav- The further objects and ing a fan-shaped flattened orifice at the mouth of the burner for the discharge of the spray.

2. An oil burner comprising an upper oil chamber, a lower steam chamber, said chambers having opposite discharge openings adj acent their forward ends, a spray plate between said openings acting to space said chambers apart, there being a downwardly inclined oil channel on the upper face of said plate terminating above a lip on said plate, and a constricted passage for steam below said lip on the under side of said plate, the walls of said plate diverging in front of said lip to form a discharge nozzle. I l

An oil burner comprising oil and steam chambers extending longitudinally thereof,

said chambers being spaced slightly apart centrally, a spray plate fitting closely between the forward ends thereof, said chambers having discharge openings directed upon said plate, a forwardly inclined lip on the upper side of said plate, a flattened constricted channel on theopposite side of said lip for the steam, whereby the discharge of steam under pressure will draw oil from said oil chamber and spray it from the burner. V

4. In an oil burner, the combination of an oil discharge member, an adjacent steam discharge member, a spray plate between said discharge members, a lip on said plate ,for said oil, means in said steam discharge member 'to increase the length of the passage of steam therethrough, and means to direct said oil and steam from said burner in a flattened fan-shaped spray.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature this the 5th day of September, A. D. 1922.

V EDWARD W. THOMAS.

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