US1439519A - Cotton goods with linenlike effect and process of producing said effect - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 19, 1922.

UNH'ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDUARD HEBERLEIN, OF WATTWIL, SWITZERLAND;

COTTON GOODS WITH LINENLIKE EFFECT AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAID EFFECT.

N0 Drawing.

To all zc/mm. 1'1- muy concern:

lie it known that I, EDUARD HEBERLEIN, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, and resident of \Vattwil. Canton of St. Gall. Switzerland, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Cotton Goods with llinenlike Effect and Processes of Producing Said Effect, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cotton goods with lineulike effect and process of producing said effect.

The objects of the invention are to produce cotton goods having permanent linen-- like effects; that is to say, cotton goods, webs and yarns having the characteristics of linen, and a process or processes by which such goods may be made by the treatment of cotton with certain reagents or chemicals.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following description setting forth preferred examples of processing such goods, and the invention will be pointed out more particularly in the appended claims.

When cotton is treated according to the process of United States Letters Patent No.

' 1865.082, granted to me May 7, 1918, i. e.,

with caustic soda of the concentration used in mercerization and at temperatures below ()0 the cotton acquires a transparent appearance. Transparent effects are also produced by processing fine cotton goods according to the process of United States Let-' ters' Patent to Georges l'leberlein. Nos. 1.1444355, 1,201,961 and 1,288,885.

While this production of permanent transparent effects by'the treatment of thin cotton goods was known by said prior patents, they did not teach the production of the linen-like effects. According to the present invention the coarse, thick cotton webs and the corresponding yarns which are not capable of being transformed into transparent webs and yarns. acquire when treated according to theprocess of said United States Letters Patent No. 1,265,082, not a transparent appearance, but a completely novel effect. Such coarse cotton goods (yarns and webs) are profoundly changed. They acquire a certain lustrous effect and a certain resistance to change of character by washing. and also acquire a considerable increase of strength. These new properties which such goods ac Application filed June 30, 1922. Serial No. 572,032.

quire when processed according to this invention, constitute as a whole an effect very accurately resembling linen, which is quite different from the transparent effect taught by the'aforesaid prior patents. In the usual and well-known so-called linen finish produced on cotton webs there is merely produced a temporary sticking together of the fibers, and the effect is completely lost after the first washing. g

T heremarkable behavior of the cotton goods which could not have been prophesied by knowledge of said prior patents, may be explained by saying that although the chemical reactions on the individual cotton fibers infine and in coarse yarns are the same, the effect as a whole is entirely different, according to the constitution of the yarn or web. Itis not possible to draw a sharp boundary between the transparent effect and the new linen effect. However, it may be affirmed that yarns or webs made therefrom which are of the order of fineness of the English Nos. above 80 exhibit translucency or border on transparency, whereas all coarser yarns, that is to say, those under N0. 80, exhibit the typical linen effect. It is to be remarked that according to the quality of the spun cotton, and in the case of webs according to their thickness, the dividing line between the linen effects on the one hand and the transparent effects on the other hand. may vary somewhat from the yarn number above given.

In my saidLetters Patent No. 1,265,082 it was pointed out that the said permanent transparent effect could be obtained if the cotton fabric was treated for a sufficient period with caustic alkali cooled below 0. C. and of such concentration as would mercerize the cotton at the ordinary temperature, that is to say, of at least 15 deg. B.

specific gravity. It is also pointed out in .treatment of the goods with the said cold caustic soda as set forth in said patent, could be used to replace the mercerization treatments at ordinary temperature in the processes described in the other aforementioned patents.

It has also been found here in the production of linen effects that, as was the case in myv said process for producing transparent effects according to Patent No. 1,265,082, variations in effect could be obtained accordingly as the textile material is under tension during the cold mercerization, or is allowed to shrink more or less. Enhanced linen effects may be achieved if the coarse textile material mercerized at low temperature is-subjected to the action of a suitable concentrated mineral acid, i. e., such for example as concentrated sulfuric acid of over 50.5 B. specific gravity or sulfuric acid of a lesser strength at a low temperature,'or, if the textile material is first treated with concentrated sulfuric acid of over 50.5 B. specific gravity, or sulfuric acid of a lesser strength at a low temperature, and then treated with the caustic sodaat low temperature. The sulfuricacid may also be used at a low temperature, say for example around 0 C. in orderthat the duration of its action may be extended, particularly in the case of thick textile goods. The operation of cold mercerization in the place of mercerization at room temperature, in thesense of the said United States Letters Patent No. 1,288,885, may also be used; that is to say, the treatment with caustic soda at low temperature may occur once or several times in alternation with treatments of the acid. Finally, the usual mercerization at normal temperature may be combined with the cold merceri: zation in the sense of my co-pen'ding application for Letters Patent Serial No. 520,264, so as to enhance the lustrous effect.

The said coarse cotton goods when processed according to my present invention acquire or are converted into goods having a typical true linen effect. The web or cloth when thus treated and as compared to the said, goods before treatment, becomes harder, stiffer, has more of a sheen, and appears smoother and more glass-like, seems cooler to the touch and acquires greater tensile strength, all of which are characteristics of linen, and as contrasted with the softer and more fuzzy, uneven looking cotton goods character or improved. by subjecting the tex-- tile material after the chemical treatments, .to mechanical finishing operations, such as Example I.

Boiled cotton yarn, of English yarn N o. 2, is impregnated with caustic soda lye of 30 Baum specific gravity at 10 C. for one giinute, then stretched, washed, bleached and ried.

Example 2.

Mako-twist (twist-thread made of Egyptian cotton) of English yarn No. 50/2-fold, which has been bleached and mercerized under tension in normal manner, is impregnated with caustic soda lye of 28 Baum specific gravity at 13 0., for one and a quarter minutes, then washed and dried.

.Jwamp le 3.

Bleached cotton fabric having 21/21 threads per one-quarter French inch and of English yarn No. 30/30 is impregnated with caustic soda lye of 30 Baum specific gravity at 10 C. for one minute, then washed and dried.

E wample 4.

Bleached cotton fabric having 19/ 17 threads per quarter French inch, and of English yarn N o. 38/44, is impregnated with sulfuric acid of 52 Baum specific gravity for 5 seconds, washed and then treated with caustic soda lye of 27 Baum specific gravity at 12 (3. for two minutes, and finally washed and dried.

Example 5.

Thick- (closely woven), bleached cotton fabric having 25/27 threads per one quarter l rench inchand of English yarn No. 48/50 is impregnated with caustic soda lye of 31 Baum specific gravity at -10 C. for, one

minute, then washed and then treated for 15 seconds with sulfuric acid of 54 Baum specific gravity at 5 C. It is finally washed and'dried.

Example 6.

Lye-washed cotton fabric having 12/12 threads per one quarter French inch, and of English yarn No. 12/12, is impregnated with caustic soda lye of 20 Baum specific gravity at 5 C. for half a minute, and then washed; during 10 seconds it is then drawn through sulfuric acid of 51 Baum specific gravity at +5 C., again washed and finally treated with caustic soda lye of 25 Baum specific gravity at -10 for 5: of a minute; it is then washed. bleached and dried.

121mm pic '7.

Bleached cotton fabric having 1(3/10 threads per one quarter French inch and of English yarn No. 20/20, is treated with caus tic soda'lye of 32 Baume. specific gravity at 8 for 1; minute and then mercerized under tension in normal manner, washed and dried.

Having thus described my .invention in accordance with various preferred illustrations of the manner in which the process may be practiced on various characters of goods what I claim is:

1. rocess for producing a permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose. fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and treating such goods with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baume. at a temperature below 0 C.

2. Process for producing. permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn N0. 80, treating such goods with caustic soda at low temperature, then stretching the goods and washing it.

3. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of ch mical treatments, one a treat-v ment with caustic alkali atlow temperature to chemically structurally change the fibers. and another a treatment with a different cellulose solubilizing reagent which will dif- 5. Process for producing permanent linen-like eftects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80. and subjecting the goods to a. pluanother a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid.

0. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed. English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least l5 ,Baume at a temperature below 0 and another a treatment with sulfuric acid above 50; Ilaume, and washing the goods after said acid treatment.

7. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness doesnot exceed English yarn No. 80. and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baume at a temperature below 0 and another a treatment withconcentrated sulfuric acid, and washing the goods after each of said treatments.

Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods. which comprises.taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 llaume at a temperature below 0 6., and another a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid. and stretching the goods while being acted. upon by at least one of said reagents.

9." Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods. which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, aml subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments. one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baum at a temperature below 0 C, and another a.

ment with caustic alkali of at least 15- Baum at a temperature below 0 and another a treatment with a suitable concentrated strong mineral acid, and washing the goods after each of said treatments.

11. Process for .producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic alkali of at least 15 B-aum at a temperature below 0 (1., and another atreatment. with sulfuric acid at low temperature.

12. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plue rality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic alkali at low temperature, and another a treatment with a suitable concentrated strong mineral acid to produce in conjunction with said caustic alkali treatment, said linen-like effect, applying said treatments alternately in such manner that at least one of said treatments takes place between two applications of the other treatment. l

'13. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baum at a temperature below 0 C., and another a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid, applying said treatments alternately in such manner that at least one of Said treatments takes place between two applications of the other treatment, and washing the goods after each acid treatment.

14. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects. in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baum at a temperature below 0 C., and another a treatment with sulfuric acid of over 50% Baum, applying said. treatments alternately in such manner that at least one of said treatments takes place between two applications of the other treatment, and washing'the goods after each treatment.

- 15. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baum at a temperature below 0 (3., and another a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid, and a third a mercerization treatment at ordinary temperature. j I

16. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and subjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baum at a temperature below 0 C., another a treatment with sulfuric acid at low temperature, and a third a mercerizing treatment at ordinary temperature.

17. Process for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and treating such goods with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baum, at-a temperature below 0 (1., and then subjecting the goods to at least one mechanical finishing operation.

18. Process 3 for producing permanent linen-like effects in cotton goods, which comprises taking for treatment cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and stibjecting the goods to a plurality of chemical treatments, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baum, at a temperature below 0 C., and another a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid, and then subjecting the goods to at least one mechanical finishing operation.

19. Cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and having a permanent linen-like effect produced by chemical treatment of the goods, comprising 10 a treatment with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baum, at a temperature below 0 C.

20. Cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads Whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and having a 21. Cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and having a permanent linen-like effect produced by chemical treatment of the goods, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 liaume. at a temperature below 0 (1, and

another a treatment with concentrated suli'uric acid.

22. Cotton goods (yarns and webs) constituted of threads whose fineness does not exceed English yarn No. 80, and having a permanent linen-like et'fect produced by chemical treatment of the goods, one a treatment with caustic soda of at least 15 Baum, at a temperature below 0 (3., and another a treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid, and washing the goods after each of said treatments.

chemical treatment of the goods, one a treatment with caustic alkali of at least 15 Baum, at a temperature below 0 C., and 20 another a treatment with sulfuric acid at low temperature.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EDUARD HEBERLEIN.