US1436779A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

A. J. ROWLEY.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION,

APPLICATION FILED DEC.9, 1920 Patented. Nov. 218, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHED l.

A J. ROWLEY.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED opus, 1920.

1A36 7?9, Patent-e51 Nov. 28 N22 2 SHEETS3HEEI 2.

Patented Nov. 28, T92.

unites ALFRED JOHN BOTVLEY, 0F REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- TENTH TO HENRY ILLINGVIOETH, ONE-TENTH TO NORMAN FRED ARCHIBALD, AND

ONE-FIFTIETH TO G-OBDDN VIRIGHT FORBES, ALL OF REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN,

CANADA;

. BUILDING conisrauorron.

Application filed Wat s 9, 1920. Serial No. 429,468.

1 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED JOHN Rowmrr, of the city of Regina, in the Province of Saskatchewan, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is the specification. p

The invention relatesto new and useful improvements in building construction and particularly to a special form of tile or brick for use in the construction of walls, floors, roofs, piers, buttresses or any other portion of a building or structure either as a hollow type of construction or as a solid type and the object of the invention is to provide a special type of tile or brick, the use of which will considerably simplify the work of building any of the above structures and effect a considerable saving in material, time and labor. 7

A. further object isto provide a type of tile which, employed in a building, will give a particularly pleasing appearance to the building and which provides astrongly reinforced structure and which can. be used to provide. a ,lrollow, single or double wall structure or a solid wall as desired.

A further object of the invention is to construct the. tile so that the tiles in themselves form an interlock between walls as the structure is being built.

A still further object is to construct a tile whichlendsitselii for floor or wall structures which can be readily moulded and which provides in a hollow wall forlconcrete reinforcements in the form of pillars.

With the above more important objects in view and certain other minor objects which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter inorc particularly described and later point ed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1. is a perspective viewofa portion of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention, parts being brokenlaway to expose construction. 1

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the tiles or bricks...

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion ofa wall formed from my tiles.

Fig. 4: is an enlarged detailed sectional view of a part of the wall.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view at 5-5, Fig. 4. i

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a number of tiles as they appear in a floor construction.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view through a floor formed from my tiles.

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional View through a portion of the floor showing the dowel pins.

In the drawingslike characters ofrei'erence indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The tile which I utilize in'building construction is best. shown in Fig. 2 and comprises a faceor body part 1 and a tail or anchor part 2, the said parts being integrally cast or moulded. The body part is substantially rectangular and has the tail part formed as an angular extension thereof.

At the juncture of the tail part with the body part I provide a slight offset forming a seat or ledge 3 passing across the tile and with the seat in a plane parallel to the body part. The end of the tail, part terminates in a nose 4.

The tail part is provided centrally with a. groove or notch 5'which passes part way across the tail part and has the opposing sides thereof preferably cut at an angle to the tail'part, the said sides being in reality positioned at right angles to the face or body part, The end of the body part remote from the tail part is formed to'present an angular end6.

The length of the tail part is virtually the distance between the inner and outer walls of the building constructed and the angular position of the tail part in respect to the. body part is preferably forty-five degrees, although I donot wish to be limited to this particular angle.

The tiles utilized in building a vertical wall with an air space in the wall are all similar andin erecting a wall structure a suitable foundation is laid and the tiles are then erected on the foundation. The tiles in the various courses ofthe wall are best groove or 'uotch' up. Thesec'ond tile'is then turned with. the notch down and the two notches are then brought together so that the two tiles lie with the body parts spaced apart and parallel and the tail parts crossing one another in an X-shaped manner. After the first pair of tiles have been laid the next pair in the same course are put together and laid in the same manner and the crossed tail parts are located between the free ends of the body parts of the adjacent pair of tiles and with the ends 6 of the said latter pair of tiles resting on the ledges or shoulders 3. ()ther pairs of tiles are subsequently laid until the first course is completed and the appearance which the tiles then have is as best shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings where it will be seen that they all lie regular and with the tail parts crossed in pairs at fixed intervals.

The second course of the wall is laid in the same manner as the first course but the tiles are reversed end for so that the tail portions of the tiles of the second course whilst lying directly above those of the first course effect also with the tail portions of the first course a bond or tie between the walls and in the alternate courses. This alternate reverse laying of the tiles in the successive courses is continued throughout the building of the wall.

By observing Figures 1 and 3 it will be seen that the wall so formed really presents an inner wall 7 and an outer wall 8 separated by the crossed tail pieces to provide an in tervening air space 9 and that both the outer and inner faces of the' walls so formed are perfectly regular.

After having built a portion of the wall I fill in the substantially V-shaped cavities formed between the crossed tail pieces and the walls 7 and 8 with a reinforcing material 10 such as cement or concrete and as the said cavities go from the top to the bottom of the wall the wall is actually reinforced at these locations by vertical cement or concrete piers or columnsand it will. be noted that when the cement or concrete hardens the two walls are permanently bonded. together.

The shoulders 3 herein. before mentioned are so made and the ends. 6 are so tapered that the body parts of the wall lie with the exposed joints flush.

If one desires to have the effect of a double insulated wall he inserts in the air space as indicated at 9 Fig. 3 an insulating plate or partition 11, the partition being positioned parallel. with and centrally between the walls 7 and 8 and appearing as shown in Fig. at. 'Inactual practice the length of these partitions will be such that they will just fit snugly in between the V-shaped corners provided by the intersecting tail parts so that in reality it is not necessary to; otherwise fasten when erecting as they can be slipped in one on top of the other as the work progresses. The piers or columns cast in the cavities 10 can be reinforced if desired in the ordinary way to strengthen the structure.

In forming a corner with my tile I utilize a short tile 12 on the inner wall and a short tile 13 in the outer wall together with a right angled corner tile 13 (see Figures 1 and 8) and reinforce the corner with cement as indicated at 14 and 14 in the same manner as in the other part of the structure.

Where a partition 15 is to be inserted it is done at the point where the tail pieces cross. Here again a short tile 16 is used in the wall and the ends 6 of the partition tiles are toed in against the inner wall as best shown in Figures 1 and 3. The partitions are reinforced with cement in the same manner as are the walls, the cement also bonding the tiles together.

In utilizing my tiles for fioor construction the tiles are put together in the same manner as in the wall with the exception that they lie horizontally instead of vertically (see Figures 6 and 7). However, in the floor tiles I desire the grooves or notches 5 to be longer than in the wall tile so that when the pairs of tiles forming the floor are brought together there is a horizontally extending opening 17 reserved between the inner ends of the grooves or notches.

In erecting the floor it would be temporarily supported such as by boards 18 and uprights 19, the boards 18 temporarily closing the V-shaped cavities appearing at the underside of the laid tiles. When the tiles are so laid and temporarily supported one then fills in the under and top V-shaped cavities with cement or concrete, the under cavities being filled by the cement passing through the opening 17. The cement in these latter cavities can be reinforced if desired. In the present instance I have shown a tie rod 20 imbedded in the cement in the under cavities, this tie rod being suitably anchored to the side walls and have shown dowel pins 21 passing downwardly through the opening 17 from the upper cavities into the under ones, the dowel pins being fitted with forked ends spanning the rod. 'llhis latter arrangement reinforces thejoint be tween the tiles and amply supports the floor, it being understood. that the temporary supports 18 and 19 are removed after the coment has set.

From the above disclosure it will be apparent that this type of tile readily lends itself for use in the various parts of building construction and allows the work to be cheaply, quickly and effectively done and gives a finished structure amply reinforced and provides a particularly good insulating wall which can have a single or double air space as desired.

Whilst I have entered into the details of construction at length it will be readily understood that I do not wish to be restricted to the special details shown, such as for instance the angular position of the tail part. the size or thickness of the tile, the length of the notch and so on as such will be designed to suit the existing requirements in the building to be constructed and can be varied to suit requirements.

What I claim as my invent-ion is 1. A tile for building construction com- InlSlllg integral angularly related body and tail portions, the tail portion being formed intermediate its length with a transverse notch extending inwardly from one longitudinal edge thereof.

2. A tile according to claim 1, wherein the side walls of the notch formed in the tail are perpendicular to the body portion of the tile.

A tile for building construction, comprising integral angularly related body and tail portions, the tail portion being provided with a notch extending inwardly from one longitudinal edge and with an offset affording a seat contained in a plane parallel with that of the body.

t. In a hollow wall construction, outer and inner walls provided with interlocking projections bonding them together, and an intermediate or partition wall comprising sections maintained in spaced relation to the first mentioned walls by means of said interlocking projections.

5. In a hollow wall construction, the com bination with inner and outer walls interconnected at a plurality of points of an intermediate or partition wall held in place by engagement with the means interconnecting said first walls.

6. A wall construction comprising spaced outer, inner and intermediate walls, each composed of a plurality of superimposed courses of tiles, corresponding tiles of the inner and outer walls being provided with interlocking projections engaging the tiles of the intermediate wall to maintain the same in proper relation to the outer and inner walls. a

7. A tile for building construction comprising a substantially rectangular fiat body part having one end cut at an angle and the other end extending into a tail part inclined at an angle to the body part and fitted with a notch extending inwardly from one edge thereof and with an offset forming a seat adapted to receive the angular end of a following tile.

8. In a hollow wall construction, outer and inner spaced tile walls separated by spacing members formed as parts of the tiles of the outer and inner walls and intersecting in an X-shaped manner.

9. In a hollow wall construction, outer and inner spaced tile walls separated by spacing members formed as parts of the tiles of the outer and inner walls. and intersecting in an X-shaped manner and bonded at the intersection points by cement or such like columns.

10. In a hollow Wall construction, outer and inner tile walls spaced apart and connected together by angular extensions formed at the ends of the tiles notched and intersecting in an X-shaped manner and forming in the wall and at opposite sides of the intersection vertical cavities and a cement or such like column, forming pillars, contained in the cavities and bonding the wall.

11. In a double wall construction, similar spaced tiles forming the outer and inner walls, the tiles being arranged in pairs laid end to end and one on top of the other and with the tiles of each pair formed with angularly disposed and intersecting extensions located between walls and fitted with complementary notches and with the extensions of one pair of tiles received between the ends of the next pair of tiles in that tier and the pairs of tiles in the successive tiers lie one directly above the other so that the intersecting end pieces stack vertically.

Signed at Regina, in the Province of Saskatchewan, this 30th day of August, 1920.

ALFRED JOHN ROVVLEY.

In the presence of HENRY ILLINGWORTH, MILDRED MAY PERRY.

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