US1419011A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

A. A. BRUDER.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT 19, I920.

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Patented June 6, 1922.

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gvwenl'ox RU DER RLBERT pairs ALBERT BRUDER, 0E HOLLY, MICHIGAN.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 6, 1922,

Application filed October 19, 1920. Serial No. 418,065.

T 0 all 10 how it may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT A. BRUDER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Holly. in the county of Oakland and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specifica tion. reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

In my application allowed May 15, 1920, Ser. No. 372.741, there is disclosed a furnace of novel construction and in this application will be found certain material improvements by which the eiiiciency of the furnace is greatly increased.

The different improvements will be hereinafter described -and reference will now be had to the drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the furnace;

. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the furnace;

Fig. 3 is a similar view of a furnace designed for hot water heating system, and embodying features of my invention;

Fig. 41 is a horizontal sectional view of the same;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the preferred form of furnace, taken on the line VV of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the furnace, and

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of the furnace taken on the line VII-VII of Fig. 2.

As in my former furnace there is an outer casing 1 having a somewhat dome shaped top 2 adapted to communicate with one or more hot air exhaust fines (not shown). The bottom of the casing 1 has one or more cold air inlet openings 3 and the front wall of the casing is provided with an ash pit doorway 4 having a door 5, and a combustion chamber doorway 6 having a door 7. The doors 5 and 7 are hinged to the casing 1 in the usual manner and each door has the convent-ional form of draft regulator or damper 8.

In the bottom of the casing 1 is an ash pit or box 9 with which the doorway 4: communicates and suitable mounted on the ash pit or box 9 is a combustion chamber 10 which has the bottom thereof provided with tiltable grate bars 11 on which a fire is maintained by fuel placed through the doorway 6.

The side walls of the combustion chamber 10, at the bottom thereof. have flared or wide up flue connections 12 for up flues 13 and the upper ends of said flues meet above the top 14 of the combustion chamber 10 and communicate therewith by a neck 15 in which is located a conventional form of damper 16 having its operating rod or member 17 extending out of the front wall of the casing 1 and provided with a crank 18. The crank 18 is pivotally connected to an arm 19 on the upper end of a door actuated rod 20 slidably mounted in bearings 21, carried by the front wall of the casing 1. Un the rod 20, adjacent the doors 5 and 7 are cam members 22 against which the doors impinge when opened and raise said members, thereby imparting movement to the rodh20 and the damper 16 articulated therewit At the juncture of the-up flues 13 there is a readwardly extending exhaust fine 23 provided with a conventional form of damper 24, said exhaust flue carrying ofi' burned gases and such gases as are not consumed within the combustion chamber 10.

The rear wall of the combustion chamber 10, at the top thereof communicates with a down fine 25 which extends downwardly and communicates with the rear wall of the ash pit or box 9 below the grate bars 11, as best shown in Fig. 1. Extending into the upper open end of the flue 25 is a tubular draft mem ber 26 and this member extends out of the front wall of the combustion chamber 10 and through the front wall of the casing 1 where it is open to the atmosphere. The inner end of the draft member 26 is concentric of the upper end of the flue 25 and the cold air entering the draft members 26 produces a siphonic action by which an induced draft is set up in the down flue 25 to pull products of combustion from the combustion chamber 10 into the down flue 25.

Communicating with the inner end of the draft member 26 are cold air inlet flues 27 vertically disposed against opposite walls of the combustion chamber 10, said fines having the lower ends thereof provided with branches 28 extending to the rear wall of the casing 1, and branches 29 extending to the front wall of said casing. These branches receive cold air which is conducted to the heated walls of the combustion chamber 10, so that before the cold air can reach the draft member 26 the air is heated prior to entering the down flue 25. The air admitted by the draft member 26 is also heated due to the draft member 26 being in the top of the combustion chamber 10 and subjected to the heat therein.

At the side and rear walls of the combustion chamber 10 is a water basin or trough 29 which has one end thereof protruding through the front wall of the casing 1, as best shown in Fig. 5, so that it can be easily filled with water. This water basin supplies moisture to air heated within the casing 1 and by reason of the greater part of the basin being between the up flues 13 and the combustion chamber 10, and more especially against a wall of the combustion chamber, the water in the basin will be heated and should any steam be generated or heat given off by the water a portion thereof will be trapped by a hood 30 over a portion of the basin, as best shown in Fig. 2. One of the cold air inlet flues 27 has a series of openings 31 under the hood 30, so that the steam or heat liberated by the water beneath the hood will enter the cold air inlet flue and be conducted to the draft member 26.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I show features of my invention embodied in a furnace which may form part of a hot water heating system. The outer casing of the furnace cooperates with the combustion chamber 10 in providing a water jacket to which water is admltted by a pipe 32. Instead of the up flues 13 being in the form of wide conduits, as shown in Fig. 7, the up flues take the form of individual conduits 33 having the lower ends thereof communicating with the up flue connections 12 and the upper ends thereof communicating with headers 34. In this form of furnace the water basin 29 is dispensed with, also the cold air inlet fiues 27, as it is only necessary to use the draft member 26 to produce the desired action.

In the operation of the furnace, the damper 16 is normally closed or partially so preventing the escape of products of combustion from the chamber 10, so the products of combustion are caused to enter the down flue 25 and pass downwardly into the ash pit or box 9 and through the grates 11 where all inflammable gases and particles not previously burned are ignited by the live flre in the lower part of the combus tion chamber. To sustain combustion of these gases and particles the draft member 26 causes air to be intimately commingled with the gases and particles and consequently a fire of considerable intensity is retained above the grate bars 11. In con sequence of this constructive arrangement of parts the chances of unconsumed gases or material entering the exhaust flue 23 are reduced to a minimum with the result that there is no excessive smoke and smothering of the fire is practically out of the question, as there is always a strong draft beneath the fire, and the cold air inlet flues 27 further contribute to such a draft besides supplying the necessary oxygen of combustion.

When the door 7 is opened to place the fuel in the combustion chamber the damper 16 is turned to place the upper portion of the combustion chamber 10 in direct communication with the exhaust flue 23, and it is obvious that a draft will be produced in the upper portion of the combustion chamber which will carry off the smoke and gases without any danger of the same escaping through the doorway 6.

As in my former construction the various flues have a shape conducive to a compact arrangement within the furnace casing, without sacrificing space available for the passage of cold air through the furnace casing. The walls of the various flues will afford a large heated wall area, with which the air may contact and be heated, and since plenty of air is supplied to the fire within the combustion chamber it is apparent that a very intense fire may be maintained for consuming various grades of fuel.

On account of the flue branches 28 and 29 being located at the bottom of the water basin 29 and at the base of the combustion chamber 10 it is obvious that the cold air entering these flue branches will tend to cool the bottom of the basin and prevent the water therein from boiling. The walls of the combustion chamber will be more or less cooled where the flue branches contact therewith thus preventing excessive heat that might cause castings to crack or become unsafe.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace comprising a casing, a combustion chamber having grate bars, a draft flue between said casing and said combustion chamber adapted to conduct products of combustion from the top of said combustion chamber to a point below the grate bars in said combustion chamber, and means communicating with the atmosphere at the front of said casing and extending into said flue to cause an induced draft therein and draw the products of combustion from said combustion chamber into said flue.

2. A furnace as characterized in claim 1, wherein said means is in the form of a tubular member disposed transversely of the top in the combustion chamber and adapted to be heated in said combustion chamber to supply warm air to the flue.

3. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber adapted to have a fire therein, a draft flue outside of the combustion chamber adapted to conduct products of combustion from above the fire to a point below the fire, a tubular member communicating with the atmosphere and extending into the draft fiue to produce an induced draft therein, and cold air inlet fiues communicating with said tubular member.

4. A furnace as in claim 3, characterized by a water basin about said combustion chamber and communicating with said cold air inlet fiues.

5. In a furnace having a combustion chamber with a fire therein, means producing a draft and adapted to cause products of combustion to travel from the top of said combustion chamber to a point below the fire therein, and means communicating with the combustion chamber at the fire therein for conducting heat units upwardly above the combustion chamber and independent of the first mentioned means.

6. A furnace comprising a combustion combustion above said combustion chamber where the same may exhaust to the atmosphere, said means being of large area so that the products of combustion may be slow in exhausting to the atmosphere.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT A. BRUDER. Witnesses:

KARL H. BUTLER, ARTHUR MINNIOK.

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