US1418186A - Manufacture of nails and the like - Google Patents

Description

M. HOWARTH.

MANUFACTURE OF NAILS AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED.SEPT. 30. I919.

M. H n/a. rf/Q Patented May 30, 1922.

MARK HOWARTH,'0F IPADGATE, WARRINGTON, NGLAND.

' r Afi F TU 0F il s l fii EL k- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Ma 30 1922 Application filed September 30, 1919. Serial No. 327,525.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK HowAR'rH, a subject of the King of England, and residing at Padgate, Warrington, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented Improvements in the Manufacture of Nails and the like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to the manufacture of nails made from wire, and has for its object to eifect the rapid and economical production of helically grooved wire nails.

A nail according to this invention is provided with a plurality, say three, four or more helical grooves of long pitch, furnished with a head and pointed, and it is produced by first continuously drawing wire through a die consisting of a pluralityof balls held in a carrier, practically touching one another, and forming an aperture between them, and constituting a die, and revolving the balls around the wire at a high rate of speed, and at the same time drawing the wire rapidly throughthe ball die.

The wire so formed is a helically grooved wire having round parts or ridges, between the curved or concave grooves,-an illustration of the section being shownin the ac companying drawings-and subsequently to the manufacture of the wire, it is taken and cut into lengths slightly greater than that of the nail to be produced, and introduced into a machine of any known suitable kind,

and one end swaged or pressed and formed into a head, and the other end pointed.

The ball die for making the helically grooved wire, is illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a general outside view, and Figure 2 is a section, whilst Figure 3 shows a section of the wire and nail produced, and Figure 4 a view in elevation of the completed nail.

It may be assumed that the wire will be drawn through the ball die by the usual way of drawing wire. As above stated the die is revolved round the wire at a high rate of speed, while the wire is being drawn through it, and the following rates of revolution and draught are given as an illustration. If the drawing rate be 36 feet per minute, the revolution of the die will he. say 2,400 revolutlons per minute, which will produce a wire 1n which the pitch of the helical grooves is about 1% inches.

With regard to the die, as will be seen this conslsts of a hollow spindle or body 1 supported in a headstock or bearing 2, say of:

the roller type, and having at one end a toothed pinion 3, which is driven from suitable gearing at a high rate of speed; and in this head portion there is a chamber 1 in which the drawing balls 5 are placed, they being held in a cylinder or container 6 which is of such an internal diameter that when in operation, and the wire is being drawn through the aperture formed between the balls, they will be pressed at their outside surfaces on to the inner surface of the cylin der 6, and will practically touch'each other at their adjacent faces. The balls are held in the longitudinal direction by an end thrust plate 7 fitting on the end of the cylinder, and held in place by the gland device 8, which screws into or isotherwise held in po sition in the chamber 4 as shown.

Referringv to the enlarged section of wire or nail given in Figure 3, 10 denotes the concave grooves, and 11 the ridges between them which as seen have a curvature on their surface of the round wire which is used and passed through the die, and constitute the parts which are not acted upon by the balls.

In action, by the wire being drawn through the aperture formed by the balls, they will be kept in the position shown in the drawing; the spaoebehind the balls 5 in the die cylinder 6 being filled with powdered soap, or waste pressed lightly down to yieldingly hold the balls in position.

' It will be obvious, that in making nails of different pitches of groove, different ratios of revolution of the die, for a given velocity of draught of wire through the die will have to be employed; and the variations of the number of grooves required will be produced.

by varying the number of balls in the die, that is three, four, or more.

The nail of the type described, and made in the manner described, by the one drawballs into determinate lengths and. forming 10 heads on said lengths. v a

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses. MARK HOWARTH. Witnesses: SOMERVILLE GoonALL,

ELSmEJORDAN.

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