US1417016A - Railway safe-running device - Google Patents

Description

A. R. ANGUS.

IIAIIwAv1sAEE .IIIINNING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. I0, |912.

Imm-m PANAMA AIAIANIAAA.

.2 SHEE'I'I-.SHIEPI'y I.

. 7544- -6 f2* -AIIIIIIIIII I 828 I 2\ fr AL-rfv. v

A. R. Ansus. RAILWAY SAFE `IIUNIIIIIIIG DEVICE. `APPLICATION FILED FEB. l0. 1912.

Patented May 23,1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W By "f Wr?" www f 23,'contacts 9, and wire mentioned to be broken except when certain conditions hold.y In the apparatus accord- `ing to the present invention the circuit is broken unless current of a certain predetermined normal value flows through track and train circuits and this only occurs in certain conditions of the track and apparatus connected thereto-that is, when the point section is clear of obstructions and when the electric circuits both on the train and track are. complete and in order, -a condition which is satisfied only if the generator is working satisfactorily, all electric conductors are unbroken, the points are home, and the unlocking and locking operation has been properly performed by the track apparatus.

The various features ofthe invention are hereinafter set out in the claims appended hereto and the invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings which represent diagrammatically and by way of example, apparatusaccording thereto.

Fig. l is a diagrammatic View of a generator and its connexions to a contact shoe and other means on a locomotive. Fig. 2 is a diagram show'ingpoint unlocking and lockingv apparatus and appurtenant apparatus together with connexions to the rails and track contacts of the track. c

Attached to, and insulated from, any desirable part of the locomotive is a contact shoe A, (Fig. l) adapted to be moved to different extents by contact with contacts placed on or about a railway track. The shoe A is connected through its casing, wire l2, coil of solenoid B, and wire l1, with a Vgenera-tor or, source of electrical energy (hereinafter called a generator) lO, and thence wire 22, contacts 9 (when bridged by contact plate on lever 33), and wire 23 with any convenient part of the engine frame.

Attached to, insulated from, the contact shoe A4 is a resilientlbridging contact *member l comprising lingers arranged to bridge, when the shoe is in its lowest position, the contact plates 2, 3, and el, and so Y complete two circuits-namely, (a) from the generator l0, through a branch from wire 1l to contact plate 2, bridging member l, contact 3, wire l5', wire 16, coil of solenoid @and wire 2l, frame of locomotive, wire 22, and thereby to energize the solenoid C and hold closed a valve 34 controlling means either for shutting off steam from the locomotive or for applying brakes on the train, or both; and Z2) from the generator l0, through a branch from wire ll to contact plate 2, bridging lmember l, contact e, wire 14, wire l?, coil pressure, auch as of solenoid D, wire 18, coils of magnet 19, wire 20, frame of locomotive, wire 23, contacts 9, and wire 22, and thereby to energize the solenoid D and keep valve 3l closed, against the action of l'luid pressure. which always tending to open it, to prevent the whistle 32 from being blown and also to energize the magnet 19, so as to attract its armature and maintain the visual signal 29 in the clear or oli?. position.

`rllhe shoe A, when passing over a contact such as i0, is raised, causing the bridging member l to pass olf the contact Ll, thereby breaking the connexion between the contacts 2 and il, and, us far as the bridging member is concerned, opening the circuit relating to the solenoid D and magnet i9, so that, unless the circuit of the solenoid D and magnet 1S is otherwise maintained, the whistle 32 is blown and the miniature signal 29 is raised into the caution position.

When the shoe A is still further raised by a contact such as '11, the bridging member is moved away from contact with the contacts 2 and 5, thereby breaking` the circuit of the solenoid C, and, unless other means maintain the circuit through the same, 4allowing the plunger of the solenoid C to be forcedv out by whatever pressure may be lifting on the valve 34, and to move with it the lever 32- (used for replacing the same) which then breaks, at the contacts 9, the connexion be` tween the generator 'l0 and the frame of the locomotive. lt is intended that the opening` of the valve 34, controlled and normally held closed by the plunger of the solenoid C. should allow or cause the admission of luid Y of steam or of air, to a suitable cylinder or cylinders lmving a piston or pistons or the like working therein and arranged inn known manner to close or throttle the steam supply to the locomotive or operate means controlling the application of brakes, or both.

Simultaneously with the raising of the contact shoe A by contact with thc track .contact -lO or el-l, a circuit from the generator l0, through the solenoid l, the shoe A, and the devices connected between the truck contacts and the rail or earth is completed or not according to the condition of such devices and the connexions thereto. l l? that condition is normal the resultant current flowing through B attracts its plunger 28 and the pivoted arm S attached to its lower end until the brass or other suitable metallic extension of the plunger, which slides withing` the coil of ll, comes into contact with the hinged stop ST. rl`he resistance which the said stop oiifers to the l'urther movement of the plunger 2S is controllable b v means of an adiustalne spring- Elo. which is so adjusted that. when the current l'lowing through the solenoid il exceeds the normal, it nievesthe. stop 3T away from a contact lll) current/ot, butinot exceeding, such normal value" flowing through` the solenoid B, resuits in the bringing, ot the pivoted arm 8 intoco-ntact with. the contacts 6 and 7, insulatedfrom the frame 38 otB, and in the completion ot' circuits by wiresli and "13, insulated `contact 27,l stop`37, traine 38, arni 8, through `the contacts (i and 7 and `tlielcoils ot `tlie"solenoids C, D and magnet 19,1ivliich,

L are normally energized by the currents that are broken bythe lifting of the shoe A; by the contact al; At the same time the arm 9 makes contact with the contact 5, also insulated troni the frameot B, and completes a circuit `froin'the `iO eiierator l0, through wire ll,wirel3, contact 27, stop 37,arni S, con- `tacti, wir-e 24, bellQ, Wire 26, and the trame of. 'the locomotive, `so that the ringing of the bell gives an audiblefsignal indicatinn' that normal `conditions exist in the `ciri With Whichgit interacts.

cuits exterior to the moving locomotive, wl'iich are `connected to the track contact Itsucli is not the case, `when the shoe A. passes over a contact such asd-O, 'it failure is due to the tact that Vsuliicient current does not, tlciv through the sol enoid B, owing to" breakage otjcclnductors or the like, the arm 8 is not raised into contact with the contactsf, 6, and 7," and `the bolliy does" notf give a! clear signal, Whilst Voivingrto failure oifcurient inthe `coils ,ot D

and i9 due to the noncoinpleticn ot the substitutioiial `circuit the Whistle 32 is blown `and Y theminiature signal 29, under the influence ci the spriiigy;` 36,"goes tocaution or danger.

` it, olii the other hand, .the resistance ojli the circ s external to theshoe A vis" lowered, as )vrt-circuiti'ngyin or of connected devices Ior by excessive leakage, andthe currentrises above the norinahvalue, `then the increasedattraction of the plunger o comes the resistance ci the spring 35 controllin -"tliestop 37, thereby breakin,` l at'theinsulated contact.27,` the connexion hetiveen the generator l() andthe trame 38 oiB, and y theivhistleBZ and signalQQ are operated i as licreinbetoredescribed. Similarly, When "position thefsolenoid C i thattlie b il y the shuttingroit ottlie motive power of the the slice passesl a contact such as Lil, Whether there 'failure ot normal cura renter the current is above the iiornialfin add'. Aon" totheblowing ofthe ivliistleand the `nioveinent ci? the signal tof the danger is `de-eiieiggii" d are applied.` with or Without train andthe toenratei l() is, as above descril i discoi'inccted at the contacts 9 trom the traniecl the locomotive and will remain disconnected therefrom until again connected by means ofthe handle 53. i" lie said handle 33 andthe solenoid C `are preiierahly enclosed in a` suitable? cover or boi; and

V iockedlherein. `.`He-iice it .ivill hessen that on the passage ot a train, adapted-as de` overscribeclto" interact `With contacts cn or about the railway track tlieieivill be given either a visual and audible clear signal or a visual `and audible Warning'` on the train, or the the foregoing` description foil the ligure it f will be seenrthat the operation of `the apthe replacing` ot the plungers oi the sclenoicls Cj and l), by means oiythe 'levers B3 and 30, `into such positions that when current jlio-Wsjthrough the coils the plungers' and the valves connected thereto are held against the opposing `forces acting,u on` them. it should be understood that, in order that the" connexion at the locomotive contacts Q, 3, and a may not be broken until the current 'through tliel track circuits shall have reached its tull stationary value, the ends ot' the track conta-cts such as 4:0 and fil are inclined at such an angle or are of suoli a length as to give the necessary time inter`- val between the first contact ci the slice A with each ot' such track `contacts and the breaking` oi. either ot the locomotive contacts` -at 3cr et, 'for the current through the trackcii'cuits in question to have reached its constant value. i i i 'Figa Q shows an arrangement :for unlockincl and locking points by electrical means, and `the disposition ot electrical connexions relating` to a section of track including the points, the# condition ct which controls oi' `pernii-ts the lunlocking or locking of such points, either iii'oin an ad'vaiicingtrainer from a place adjacent to thein. The electriparatus is automatic with the exception ot calinains shown are adaptedto cio-operate 1viththe apparatus showninltig. l. sofas to .indicate the condition ci? such pointsection the `mainline distant troni the points, are

`lai'i'aiigedthe contacts 39, 4.0, and 1li For interacting` with tlielccutact slice iii. (Fin. l) carried on the locomotive oi' train. The contacts 39 and l-(l produce equal extents oli' inoveinenjt,` `While the contact i-l. causes a (greater extent o'liinoveinent or travel, of the slice The contacts 39, y-l-(hfand il are iii each case inside the `track section, the said contacts 39 and i150 being` suiiicienltly distant 'from the contact .lil ilor apdi'ivei' on inissing` over either contact 39 or a0, to stop his train where required be'l'ore passing over the said contact all, and the said contact il being;1 suilicientliiY distant l'rcni the points to enable a train', when required, to .he automatically stopped ther' by utter passing over the saine y before reacliincj the Joints.

y The point lock lift may heol4l any li'noiffn construction, butiis preterably ci" the type" in which a slot in the locking bolt, when in thefunlocking position, comes into alignment with the body of the stretcher bar so as to permit the stretcher bar to be freely moved, and in which, whenv the points have been thrown 'telly over into either position, a similar slot in the stretcher bar comes opposite the bolt and permits the bolt to be moved into the locking position. The locking bolt is directly vattached to a movable plunger commento the solenoids K and J, tor unlocking and locking respectively. r By means `o1 acatch on 'the cranked extension 62 of the armature oithe magnet .L and a projecting lng on the plunger in the space between J and K, the plunger 'can in turn be locked in position after completii'ig its stroke. rlhe arrangement and connexions of the windings of the magnet L and solenoids K and J are such that, on a current being put into L and either K or J which at the time is in series with it, the whole or the coil L and only part of K. or J receives current, but, on the attraction of the armature oit L to an extent sufficient to release the lock 62, the circuits are rearranged so that the larger portion of the coil L is cut out and the whole of the coil ,of either K or J is put into the circuit. The object oi this arrangement is to obtain a rapid action ot both armature and plunger with minimum waste of energy and at theK same time the resistanceo'r the coils aii'ected is maintained atan approximately uniform value.

ylVhen a train is running towards the tacing points and its contact shoe A passes over a track contact 39, a current flows from the `generator on the train, through the shoe .A

and contact 39,'by wire e2, to magnet G (the attraction roi the armature oit .vhich breaks at the contact 107, the connexion between the wires 69 and 57 and so disconnects the solenoid J), wireY 16 to magnet- N., wire 47 to rail 76, wire7 96,'con'tacts 103 until magnet N is energized, and subsequently wire 60, contacts106 (bridged by the attracted armature of N, the resiliency ot the contact tingers at 103 permitting oi? the establishment ot contact at 106 betere that oiE 10i-l is Vin-ally broken), and wire 63, and thence by wire 97, rail 7S, wire 41S, whole et coil L, wire 53, contacts 61, wire 511, branch wire 55, portion ot coil K, wire 50, contact 10S, armature ot F, wire 69, to contacts 50. wire 49 to rail S0, wire 81, rail 11S, wire 119, and rail 92 to the wheels' and 'trame ot the locomotive or train. The energizing ot the magnet L attracts its armature and releases the catch 62, on the cranked extension thereof, 'troni engagement with the common plunger ot the soienoids J and l and breaks, at the contact 61, the connexion between the wires 53 and 51, but simultaneously makes, at the contacts 59, apa/th from part of the winding ot L, through wire 52, contacts 59, wire 58,

and the whole oit the coil K to wire 56, and thence back to the rail 82 as before described. The energizing ot the solenoid K attracts its plunger with the attached locking bolt and, by withdrawing it irom engagement with the stretcher bar, unlocks the points. The plunger, when over in the unlocked position, effects contact, by means oil an insulated contact plate on a projecting portion thereof, between the wires 111 and 115 at the contacts 110, and completes a circuit, from the rail 7 6, through the wires 96 and 60, the contacts 1.06, the wire 114e, contacts 110, wire 115, resistance 116 and wire 113 to rail 62, so that the coils L and K are shuntcd. The eiiect ot' this shunt path is to produce a current (which is greater than that necessary to withdraw the locking bolt), through the solenoid B on the train, which is of what have called predetermined normal value,7 and which will restrain a warning operation and produce a lineclear intimation on the train. By current of predetermined normal value is meant a current which is suiiin cient on energizing the solenoid B to operate its plunger so as to complete the a'fore` `said substitutional circuits on the train but it is insuflicient to break the train circuits bv' breaking the contact between the contact E27 and the stop 37. If, however, the plunger is not moved over into the unlocking posi` tion the above described shunt circuitwill not be completed at the contacts 110 and a warning operation will therefore be produced on the train, owing to failure of current of predetermined normal value to i'low through the solenoid B on the train.

The train proceeding, the contact shoe A makes contact with the track contact 10 and current then Hows from the generator on the train, through wire L13, resistance 117, magnet F, wire 16, magnet N, wire 47, to rail 76, and as before, through wires 96 and 60, contacts 106, wires 63 and 97, rail 78, wire 48, whole of coil L, wire 53, contacts` 6 1, wire 54, portion ot coil J, wire 57 to contact 107, armature of G, wire 69, contacts 50, wire 49, to rail 80, wire 81, rail- 118, wire 119, and rail 82 to the wheels and trame oi" the locomotive or train. traction of the armature by L releases the catch 62, cuts out portion or the coil ol L at the contacts 61, and, by the bridging of the contacts 59, connects through wires 52 and 4S, the remaining part ot the coil L with the whole of the coil J. The ei'iengizing of the coil J attracts the common plunger with the attached locking` bolt, which` engaging with the slot or oriiice in the stretcher bar, locks the points in position. Then the points are locked the insulated projecting contact plate on the plunger conipletes at the contacts 109, a path, from the rail 76, by wires 96 and 60, contacts 106, wire 1141, contacts 109, wire 111, resistance The at through the` coilsF, N, J and L as before 1 112, and wire 113` to yrail 82, so

to parallelthe coils J `and L. The value 'of the n resistance l112 is such that the current which flows from the trainthrough the resistance 117 and the coils la andd shunted by the resistance 112 is equal approximately to the current which flows from the train through the coils K and L When shunted by the resistance 116 the value of Vwhich may differ considerablvfrom that of 112, but is com-` pensated for bythe addition of the resistancel17 in the locking circuits in order that the current through B (Fig. l) may,when

"thelocking operation has been duly per formed, "be `ot predetermined normal value, so that the production of a warniingoperation on thetrain is restrained and a line-clear intimation given. lf, however, the plunger is not moved over into the locking` position,y the abovedescrihed shunt circuitwill not becoinpleted at the contacts 109, anda `ivarning operation will there` fore be produced `on the train, owing to failure of current of predetermined normal value to flow through the solenoid .B on the itlJlIl. i i 1 i i Then current ceases to flow through L its armature is drawn avvay bythe infiuence of gravity or a spring or both, and the catch .62, forming part `ot .the cranked extension of the armature engages With the project` ing ,lug on the plunger and so locks `the plunger in position if it has completed .its stroke. When the train passes over the contact `4:1 its contact shoe makes contact therewith, and current flows, as before,`from the generator on the train, throngli portion of the wire ad, ivire 15, contacts 64.-, Wire 4165, and either 66 or yG7 and 0S (according to the position 1of the points)` to Wirejt, and

described for track contacts 40.` The arrangement and disposition of the contacts at the points and the insulated fingers attached `liaise spr-ad sufliciently to be dangerous, or

vare not right home.

f llVhen, after the train has passed over the points, the contact shoe again makes contact with thetraeh' contacts the operations are repeated in reverse order-that is, the checking or testing isthe first," and the unlocking' of the points the last, operation. lf

the train approaches thepoints from the opposite direction to that assumed, either on the branch or the mainline, the` description hereinbefore given holds good with the eirception that `the return path to the train `may vary; in the case of a train on the `branch the return would only include a por tionof the `rail 118, Wire 81, and the bond? i `ed section of rails 80 and wire 49, but in the Case of a `train on the ina-inl line `thereturn would be through the Wire 49 and the bonded rails`80 only. `It should be explained that the functions of the magnet N when energized are (l) gto cut out, at cont-acts- 104, 105 and `102, the extraneous `parallel cir`- cuits through rail. 78, Wire 99, contacts 104, wire 98, `rail77,` Wire 100, contacts 105, Wire 101, rail 120 and resistance 86, and through contacts 102,.1 Wire 75, rail 74, wire 72, resist ance 72, contacts 90, 89, Wire 71, battery 70, Wire 83, magnet E,`and Wire 87, Which are not requiredrfor performing the operations just described, the objects being to prevent a train, vvhen interactingwith a track contact `1, from automatically stopping itself ovvinn to the completion, by means of those parallel circuits, of a circuit which` would be of practically no resistance because of its oivn presence on the vrails 120, 80, 77, 118, or 74, 82, as the case may be, and to conne the leakage `to that between the compara` tively `short bonded lengths of rail 76 and 76a and 78, and the raih82 and its connei:n ions and (2)1110 make, through Wires 96 and 60 and the contacts 106, a path through theshunt resistances 112 or 116 to the rail. Thel completion of the operations just described, from and by an advancing train Without warning or stopping' the same, beingdependent on the maintaining of current strength of"predetermin,ed normal value7 through themagnet `B (Fig. 1) when the shoe is passing overtlie contacts 39, ll0, and .4:1 it follows that, unless the plunger with the attached locking bolt is `home in one position or the other, making at the contacts' 109 or 110 the shunt to the operating coils, and the points themselves aire in order, current of predetermined normal value vrill not flow through B, and the advancingtrain "will be warned or warned and onthe bonded point section of track they7 shunt the coils L, K, and J and an advanc-y ing train Willvbe warned of their presence Whenpassing over contacts 39 and 10 and have steam shut olf and brakes applied, on `contactingwith the contact al, owing tothe fact that the current through B exceeds the predetermined normal value on account of the shunting ofthe coils L, K and J by the wheels and axles of the train in the area mentioned. Conversely, failureof any part of the circuit including the `generator on the train and the contact shoe, vand the parts external thereto Will result inthe similar Warning and stopping of the train `when passingl over the contacts 39, 10, and '211 respectively.

to be unlocked or locked apart `from `the stopped. Further, if vehicles `are standingr l train there may be provided, in a signal box orplace adjacent thereto, a battery or other generator 70 connected` to a switch (comprisingthe eirtensionSS for bridging the segments 89 and 90 and the contacts 91 and 92) shown attached to the catch handle ot part ot a lever H (which may be either the `lever working" the points or merely a device used for switching purposes). On gr'asping and closing the catch handle, vthe extension ,SS effects contact with and bridges the segments and 90, which, together with the contacts 91 and 92, are insulated "from each other and from the lever, thereby completiiuf,- a circuit through wire 71, resistance 72a, wire 72, rail 74, wire 75, armature oi N and Contact 102, wire 47, rail 76, wire 96centacts 103, wire 97, rail 7S, wire y 99contacts 104, wire 98, rail 77, wire 100,

contacts 105, wire '101, rail 120, resistance v 86, rail 80, wire 81, rail 118, wire 119, rail 82, wire 87, magnet E, and wire 83 to part et the battery 70.l Then current flows through E of a value corresponding to the state ot the tracks so connected but unoccupied by vehicles,the armature 9 4 of E is attracted sutiiciently to effect contact with y. the pivoted stop 51, which is weighted or otherwise controlled to limit the travel of the armature when currents of the value mentioned traverse the coil of' E. The attraction of the armature 94 breaks, at the contacts 50, connexion between the wires 49 and 69, and so Ydisconnects the coils J, K, and L 'from the rail 80, thereby preventine' any advancing' train from operating the point lock from the contacts 39, 40 and 41 while the points are in the course of being moved lfrom the signal boX. The attraction oit the armature 94 further makes a connexion between the whole of the battery 70 and-the coils L and K, or J, by means of the vwire 73, the armature 94, stop 51, contact 95, and the branch to wire 69, U' current, Vwithin the limits of value to which E has been adjusted, does not flow. owingto thek shunting of the resistance 86. by anvehicle on the track or to failure of the circuits, the armature 94 is either not lifted (owing` to `failure of the battery or derangernent of the circuit) or is attracted with suflicient force to lift the stop 51 from its contact 95 (owing to excess current resulting troni the shunting of some portion ot the rcircuit containing; the magnet E by vehicles standing,` or moving on the bonded track section, or to the production of a short or cross circuit therein). 1t is intended that a dise beattached to the armature 94, or an extension thereof, to indicate the three relative positions ot the same to show the condition of the track when testl ing, that is' (1) when the armature 94 is at rest vrowing` to no (or insuiticient) current passing through the magnet E to attract it, (2) when the armature 94 is attracted by the normal strength ot current through E, corresponding to the tracks being :unoccu` pied, and (3) When the armature 94 is attracted by excess current through E. resulting trom the production of a short or cross between the wires 72 and 87, or from the presence o t vehicles on the bowled track section. and the shuntine' ol the resistance S6. lt Vfollows that, it the bonded track section is occupied, the circuits tumbling:- the points to he operated 'trom the box are not made and the saine cannot he interfered with atter a train, advancing' from any direction, has entered the track section until it has, on running out ot such seetioincleared them and lett the points `tree to ha again set for either road from the signal box,

lilith the tracks unoccupied, and normal current flowingV through the coil l, the armature 94 is attracted, so that it makes contact with the stop 51 and provides z, path from the generator 70. through wire 73, armature 94` stop 51, contact 95, to wire (i9 which is completed to the generator through either the wire 71. contacts 99 and 91 bridged by 88, wire 84, wire 42, magnet (l (which attracts its armature and breaks the connexion to coil J) wires lli and "t7 (ln-'n leed at the contacts 93 by the armature al), rail 76, wire 90. contacts 103, wire 97, rail 7S. wire 48, coils L and K, wire contact 108, and armature ofi the magnet lt1 which is joined to the wire (39, thus unlocking the points; or (7)) the wire 71, contacts S9 and 92 bridged by 8S, wire 85, wire 43, resistance 117, magnet l", wires 46 and 47 (bridged at the contacts 953 by the armature 94), rail 76, wire 96, contacts 103,l wire 97, rail 7S. wire 4S, coils L and J, wire 37, contact 107, and armature o'l' the magnet .1 which is connected to the wire (i9. thus locking; the pointsthat is to say, the closing; of the catch handle on lilV to the Yfullest extent unlocks the points il thc tracks are clear. and, after throwing;- the lever il (if the Doin operating;- lever). the momentary restraining ot the catch handle after the operation of throwing` the points has been completed enables the locking;- ol" the noinls to he el'- ected through the rontael's .Q9 and 92 which are then bridged by the extension 99..

Aj. the instant ot switchingn a current flows momentarily vfrom. part o?, the genervator through a circuit containing* the magnet E, and the coils L and the coils rl and K in parallel, normally @hunting the resistance 86, butn as the armature 94 mores away from the contacts 30. the shuntingr circuit containing L. and .l and li, is broken and the current. through ll is then delermined by the resistance ot the circuit in cludine 86 and 72, which (ailiart -from the variations duo to leakage) determines its value when the resistance is not f-hunted by a vehicle. It the circuit is complete, the value of the current passing through the. magnet E is dependent on whether the track is occupied or not. The bridging ot the points the apparatus hereinbefore specitlifi-infile` contacts 93"by the attraction of the arma.-

` ture 9-1 shunts the magnet N, so that, when 'the operations of unlocking and lockingare carried on` apart from. the train, the resistances 112 and 116 Vcannot shunt tlie coils L, K, and J, or the resistance The movement of the points orswitclies themselves may be eiected in any. suitable manner. y y y When tliesection of track does not contain cally described may obviously' be much simplified by, the omissions of` such circuits as are only necessary for operating the point unlocking or locking apparatus from atrain or fromfatrack station.` Also when it is `only desired to operate the unlocking or lockingapparatus from a track station, the

track contactsfand connexions thereto may conyenientlybe omitted," y h "The means on` the` locomotive, or brakevan or the like,"ior applying `the brakes on the train,

the train, or shutting oil? the motive power of may comprise one or more cylinders with a suitable piston or pistons or the like; This "pistoni or one oftliese pistons is tending to operate, restraining" means adapted normally to restrain the operation of said also includes a connected` with tliebrake lever for applying the brakes on the train, and, ifitis desired also to shutfotf` the motive power of the train, the piston or the other ot the pistons is suitably connected withv the lever for fsliutting off the power of the train.

"Bythe `term ".ftrain I herein, include (except where otherwise "inconsistent there` `with) the following railway vehicles-flocol motive, carriage, "cai, truck.V brakevan, or `the`like rollingstock: andtheterm trainl `Various modilicatioiis may beinade with-` out `departing from the scope of the invenw tion.` Wha-t I claim is 1. Train protecting apparatus comprising indicating'apparatus `on a ,train constantly i indicating apparatus, a normally cle-enen gized electromagnetic device carried by said `train `and adaptedjwhen energized by curindicating apparatus, a normallylopen elec- `partly on the trackand adapted to include cuit being adapted]` to have its resistance,

`which is normallyoiI ya `value to` allow the flow through the said electromagnetic `device `folwfcurrent or said predetermined normal value,`varied by a trainl in a particular section of track, and 4means including a track i Contact `ancbaclapted"to close `said circuit .o and then to aliect saidfrestrainingmeans so `locomotive coupled to `any suitable number of above railway vehicles.

as to remove therestraint thereof on the `operation oi' said indicating apparatus;

2. Train protecting apparatus comprising `indicating` apparatus oiia train constantly tending' to operate,` restraining means adapted normally to restrain the operation ot said indicating` apparatus, a normally7 de-eneil `gized electromagnetic device carried by said train and adapted when energized by current of a predetermined normal value also to cause restraintot' the operation of said indicating apparatus, a normally. open electric .circuit` arranged partly on the train `and partly on the track and` adapted to include said electromagnetic device and a generator of electricity, the trackfportionof said circuit being `adapted to have its resistance,

`whicli is norinallyof a value to allow the dica-ting apparatus. y

B. Train protecting apparatus conilnising indicating` apparatus on a train constantly tending to operate, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to prevent the operation ot said indicating apparatus, a generator of electricity on said` train, a normally closed electric circuitincluding said genera f tor and said electromagnetic means, a nor-4 mally` open secondy circuit on said train adapted to `include said generator and said electroinagneticV means, a normally cle-enerv gized "electromagnetic `device on said train adapted when energized by current of a pre`- determined normal value to complete said second circuit, a normally `open third circuit arranged partly. on the train and partly on the track and `adapted to include said electromagnetic device anda generator oi electricity, the track portion of said'circuit being adapted to have its resistance, which is normally of a value `to allow the How through the circuit of current of said predetermined normal value,yaried by a train in a particular section of track, and means including a track contact and adaptedto close said third circuit and then to break the first mentioned circuiti` 4l.; Train protecting apparatus comprising indicating apparatus on a train constantly tending` to operate, restraining means adapted normally to restrain the operation of said indicating apparatus, `a normally deenergized electromagnetic device `carried by said train and adapted. when energized by current of a predetermined normal value also to cause .restraint oit the operation ot said indieating apparatus, a normally open electric circuit arranged partly on the train and partly on the track and adapted to include said electromagnetic device, a generator ot electricity, the track rails on opposite sides of a section of track, and a resist-ance device which normally allows the tloiv through the said electromagnetic device ot current ot said predetermined normal value,hut which is adapted to he shortfcircuited by a train standing onthe Asaid track rails of the said section,` and means including a track contact and adapted to closevsaid circuit and then to affect said restraining means so as to remove the restraint thereof on the operation of said indicating apparatus.

'5. Train protecting apparatus comprising indicating apparatus on a train constantly tending to operate, electromagnetic means adapted when energized` to prevent the operation of said. indicating apparatus, a generator of electricity on said train, normally closed electric circuit including said generator and said electromagnetic means, a normally open second circuit on said train adapted to include said generator and said electromagnetic means, a normally cle-energized electromagnetic device on said train adapted when energized by current of a predetermined nermal value to complete said second circuit, a normally open third circuit arranged partly on the train and partly on the track :and adapted to include said electromagnetic device, a generator of electricity, the track rails on opposite sides et a section oit track, and a resistance device Which normally allows the {iovv through the said electromagnetic device of current of said predetermined normal value, lout which is adapted to he short-circuited by a train standing on the said track rails of the said section, and means including a 'track contact and adapted to 'close said third circuit and' then to break the iirst mentioned circuit.

6. Train protecting apparatus comprising` track apparatus relating to the making of Va clearl road for a train along a railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the locking operation of said locking` device, a track contact on said track, a generator ot electricity, a contacting device on said train, a normally open electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted toloe completed through said generator and through said electromagnetic means on contact et said contacting device With said track contact, said electric circuit loeing adapted-to have the `How of current through the train portion thereof on Contact of said contacting device With said track contact normally of a predetermined value, hut affected hy a train in a particular section of track, indicating apparatus on said train constantly tending to operate hut no1jmally under a restraint adapted to he reinorcd on crnitact of said contacting device ivith said track contact, and electromagnctic means on said train included in said circuit and adapted when energized hy thc fion' therethrough ot current ot said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation of said indicating apparatus. A

7. rllrain protecting` apparatus comprising track apparat-us relating to the making olf a clear road for a train along a railway track. a locking device adapted Vto lock said track apparatus, electro-magnetic means adapted vvhcn energized to cause the locking operation oi' said locking device, a track contact on said track, a generator of electricity, a contacting device on said train, an electriccircuit arranged partly on said train Iand partly on said track and adapted to he completed through said generator and through said electro-magnetic means on contact of said contacting device with said track con tact, indica ting apparatus on said train, and electro--magnetic means on said train adapted to cause the operation of said indicating apparatus, according to the iioiv of current therethrough, said locking device heing adapted to control the said flow of current.

8. Train protecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relating to the making ot' a clear road for a ytrain along a railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electro-magnetic means adapted when energized to cause the locking operation oi said locking device, a track contact on said track, a generator oiE elec tricity, a contacting device on said train, an electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted to he completed through said generator and through said electro-magnetic means on contact ot said contacting device With said track contact. indicating apparatus on said train, and electro-magnetic means on said t fain adapted to cause the operation oit said indicatingapparatus according to the 'loiv ot current therethrough, said track apparatus a d said locking device heing hoth adapted to control the said non? of current.

9. Train protecting apparatus comprising` track apparatus relating to the making of ii clear road for a train along a railway track.l an unlockingdevice adapted to unlock said track apparatus, electro-magnetic means adapted when energized lo cause thc unlocking operation of said unlocking device, a track contact on said track, a generator ol electricity, a contacting device on said train` an electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track-and adapted to he completed through said generator and through said electro-magnetic means on il O said track and adapted to be completed through said generator and through the .secondly mentioned electro-magnetic means on contact of said contacting device with the other of said track contacts, indicating apparatus on said train, and electro-magnetic means on said train adapted to cause the operation ofsaid indicating apparatus according to the iiovv of current therethrough, said track apparatus andr said locking and unlocking device being both adapted to control the said flow. of current.

l5.y Train protecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relating to the making of a clear road for a train along a railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted When energized to cause the locking operation of said locking device, a track contact onsaid track, a generator of electricity, a contacting device on said train, a normally open electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted to be completed through said generator and through said electromagnetic means oli-contact oi" said contacting device Withy said track contact, said electric circuit being adapted to have the flow ot current through the train portion thereof on contact of said contacting device with said track contact normally of a predetermined normal value, but affected by a train in a particular section of track, indicating apparatus on said train constantly 'tending to operate but normally under a restraint adapted to be removed on contact of said contacting device with said track contact, and electromagnetic means on said train included in said circuit and adapted when energized by the flow therethrough of current off said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation o'l said indicating apparatus, said track apparatus being also adapted to control the said flow of current.

16. Train protecting apparatus compris- `ing track apparatus relating to the making ot a clear road for a train along a railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means yadapted vvhen energized to cause the locking` operation of said locking device a track contact on said track, a vgenerator ot electricity, a contacting device on said train, an electric circuit arranged partly on said ytrain and partly on said track and adapted to be completed through saaid generator and through said electromagnetic means on contact of said contacting device with said track contact, said electric circuit being adapted to have the floiv et current through the train portion thereof on contact of said contacting device with said track contact normally ot a predetermined normal value, but affected by a train' in a particular section of track, indicating apparatus on said train constantly tending to operate but normally under a restraint adapted to be removed on contact of said contacting device with said track contact, and electromagnetic means on said tain :included in said circuit and adapted when energized by the tloiv therethrough of current ot said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation ot said indicating apparatus, said locking device being also adapted to control the said tion' o current.

li'. Train protecting apparatus compris` ing track apparatus relating to the making ci a clear road tor a train along a railvvay track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the lock ing operation ot said locking device, a track contact on said track, a generator oi' electricity, a contacting device on said train, :in electric circuit arranged partly on snid train and partly on said track and adapted to hc completed through said generator and through said electroniagnetic means on contact of said contacting device vwith said track contact, said electric circuit being` adapted to have the flow ol" current through the train portion thereof on contar-t ot said contacting device with said track contact normally of a predetermined normal value,r but atlected by a train in a particular ser tion oi track, indicating apparatus on said train constantly tending te operate but normally under a restraint adapted to he removed on contact oi said contacting dcvice with said track contact, and elcctromagnetic means on said train included in said circuit and adapted when energized by the tloiv therethrough of current ci said predetermined normal. value to restrain the op` eration ot said indicating ainiaiutus. said track apparatus and said locking device hcing also adapted to control the said flow o." current.

18. Train protecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relating` to thc making ot a clear road tor a train along` a railway track` an unlocking device adapted 'tu unlock said track apparatus clectronrignctic means adapted when energized to cause the unlocking operation oft said unlocking dc vice, a track contact on said track. :i genH erator ot electricity, a contacting device on Said train, an electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted to be connileted through said `gcnerator and through said c cctroniugnctic means on contact ot' said contacting device with said track contact, said electric circuit being adapted to have the flou' oi current through the train portion thereof on contact ot said contacting device with said 'track contact normally ot a predctermineil normal value, but aiiiected lj i train in a particular section ot track, indicating apj 55 adapted to he completed paratus on said train constantly'tendingn to operate but normally il under a restraint adapted `to he removed on contact `ot said contacting device with said track contact, and eli-.ictromagnetic nieaiison `said train `iiicluded in said circuit and adapted when energized hy the` flow therethrough `ot curi rent ot said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation of said indicating ape paratus, said `track apparatus heilig also adapted to control thesaid ioiv oi? curi-entf.

i9. rlrain protecting apparatus coin}ii"i ing track,apparatus relating tothe makingfOt acclear `road tor a train along a rail.-

l `lw ivay track, an unlocking device adapted to unlecksaid track apparatus electromagnetic meansadapted 'When energized to `cause the `uclocking operation `ot said unlocking de` vice, a track Contact on said track, a gen- 12o eratorotelectricity, a contacting` device on p saidtrain, an electric circuit arranged `partly oir said train and partly on `said track and adapted to he` completed,through said gea `1era/tor and through said 'electromagnetic incanson Contact oft said contacting` de-v vice with said track contact, `said electric circuit being adapted to have the flow ol? `current through the train portion thereot on conta-ct ot said contacting` device 'withysaid 3,01 track contactnormally/ot a predeterinined norm al value, hutali'ected hy a train in a p.: ,ular` section oit tracldindicating ap.- pj paratuson said traincoiustantly tendingto operate` hut normally under a restraint adapted `to he removed on contact ot said contacting device `with said track Contactn @and electromagnetic means on said train ia eluded in said circuit "and `adapted when energized hv theftloiv therethrough ot cur-- 40 rent oit said predetermined normal value to y restrain the operation ot said indicating apparatus, said unlocking" device being also fadapted to controlthe said flow opt current. p20; `rllrain protecting` apparatus compiA` lng track apparatus relating tothe maki i ol` a clear road for a train along a reil-y track,` an"unlocking;V device adapted to un- @yl cksaid track apparatusielectronuignetic track contact normally, oi a fpredeteianined normal value, hut attected h v trainin wparticular sectionffof track,A indicatingap-J i :iar.ftusf on said train vonstattly tenilingto lifestrain the operation ol pai'atus, said track apparatus land said un lockingdevice being also adapted to con* i ot'a clear road `i'or a train operateihut normally under a restraint adapted to heireiiioved on Contact oit' `saifl contacting device with said track contact,

i and electromagnetic means on` said train iiicludedfin said circuit and adapted when energized hy ,thetlow therethrough oft cur-` rent ot. said predetermined normal value to trol the said iloiv of current.

2l. Train protecting` apparatus ing track apparatus relatingto the making ot a clear road for `a `train along a railway track, a locking and unlockingdevice adaptcd to lock and unlock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the locking operationot said said indicating ap#- coniprisdevice, electromagnetic means adapted when energizedito cause the unlocking operation ol said device, two track contactsoii said track,` a `generator of electricity, a contacting device fon said train, aiielectric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said tract and `adapted to be completed through said generator and through the First mentioned electromagnetic means on` contact oi said track contacts, an electric circuit arranged partlyon `said train `andpartly` oiisaid track and `adapted to be completed through said generator and` through the secondly men` tioncd electromagnetic' means on contact of said contactiiigidevice Withtlie other of said track contacts, each of said electric circuits: `being adapted to have the p iioiv ot current through the train` portion thereofon contact oit said `contacting `device mally of a predetermined normal value,` but affected by a train in a particular section ot track, indicating apparatus on said trani,` constantly tending'to operate but normally under arestraint adapted to he removed on contact ot saidcontacting device with each circuits and adapted when energized by the flow therethrough ol current of said pi-e determined normal value to `restrain the opt* eration ot `said` indicating apparatus, said i track apparatus being also adapted to control the said flow otcurrent.` 1

n22i Traincprotecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relatingto theiinaking track, a locking and unlocking device adapted to lock and; unlock gized` tocause the lockingoperationof said device., electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the unlockingoperation ci? said Ideviceytyvo trackcontacts on saidz track, a `generator of electricity,` a contacting device on said train, an electric circuit ar` contacting device with one oi said with the corre-` f ispondingione, ot said track contacts nor-` said track zuiparatus;` electromagnetic meansV adapted When encrey `ot' said track contacts, and electromagnetic i means on` said train included, in each ot said `izo along arailway i i' 'ranged partly on said train and partly on said f track and adapted to loe completed through said Igenerator and through the first mentioned electromagnetic means on contact ot said contacting device with one olf said track cont-acts, an electric circuit arou contact ot said contacting device jivith the other or said track contacts,

each ot said electric circuits being adapted to have thev liovv oi" current through the train portion thereoi on contact of said contacting device with the corresponding one of said track contacts normally of a predetermined normal value, but ailected by a train in a particular section ot' track, indicating apparatus on said train constantly tending to operatehut normally under a restraint'adapted to he removed on contact ot said contacting `device with each oit said track contacts, and'electromagnetic means on said train included in each of said circuits 'and adapted when energized bythe flow therethrough ot current ot said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation of saidfindicating apparatus, said locking andnnlocking device being also adapted to control the said flow ol" current.

23. Train-protecting apparatus compris ingvtrack apparatus relating to the making ot a clear road ltor a train along a railway track,.a locking and unlocking` device adapted to lock and unlock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the locking operation ot said device, electromagnetic means adapted When energized to cause the unlocking roperation of said device, two track contacts on said track, a generator of electricity, a contactingl device onk said train, an electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted to he completed through said generator and through the first mentioned electromagnetic means on contact of said contacting device with one of said track contacts, an electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly onsaid track and adapted to hev completed through said generator and through the secondly-mentioned electromagnetic means on contact oit said rcontacting device with the other ol ysaid track contacts, each ot' said electric cir- .cuits being adapted to have the lioiv of current'througli the train portion thereof on Contact ot said contacting device with the corresponding onel of said track contacts normally of a predetermined normal value., but affected by a train in a particular section of track, indicating apparatus on said trainrconstantly tending to operate but normally under a restraint adaptedto he removedvon contact of said contacting device li ,ci/ed hy the i'low therethrough olf current oi' said predeterinimd normal value to restrain the operation ol' sind indicating :ip--

eus, said track apparatus and said lockand unlocking dericn being also adapted to control the said (low ol" current.

flle. V.liuin priitcctiug apparatus comprising track apparatus rel ating to the making o l' road 'lor a train alongl a railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus., electrounaguetic iueaus adapted when enernfiixd to cause the operation ol' said lockii dcvicc, :l track contact ou said track, :i generator ot clw'tricity`r a contacting.; device ou said train. :in electric circuit arranged partlv on said train and partly on said track and adapted to he completed through .said generator und through said clectror ``uetic icans on contact oi' said contacting device with said track contact, indicating apparatus ou said train. electromagnetic iueaus on said train included in said circuit and adzii'ited to preventthc operation ot said indicating apparatus vwhen energized h v current ol" :i prcdeterinined normal Ialine, and :i resistance adapted to he connected in said circuit h v said locking device when in its loi-kine' position and ot such u value as to cause current ol' :said predeteruiined n unu.l value to iioiv through said electroinagnetic inuins and lherehy to prevent the operation o? said indicating :ip-

paratus.

train, an electric circuit arranged partly on said trainI and partl),v on said track und adapted to he completed through said lneneratoiand through said electroniagnelic means on contact oi" said conflicting device. With said track contact, indicating appa ratus on said train, clectr unuguetic incans on said train included in said circuit and adapted to prevent the operation ol' said indicatingapparatus when enel-greed hv current oifr a predetermined normal value. und a resistance adapted to he count-eind in said circuit hy ,said unlocking` device ivheu in its unlocking position and ol such a value :is to cause currentol said predeteriniued normal value to rioni through said clectroniag netic means and tlierehv to prevent the operation o't said indicating api` urutuff.

26. Train protecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relating to the making lOO adapted when energized to cause the locking `iflinoie `ot a clear road tor a train alonga railway track, a locking device adapted to lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means operation of said locking device, a track contact on said track, a generator i elec# tricity, a contacting device on said train, `aw

normally open electric circuit arranged partly on said train and i partly on said trackand adapted to be! completed` through said generator and through netiomeans on contact of said` contacting device with Asaid track contact,` indicating apparatus on said train, and electromagnetic means on said train adapted to cause `the operation ot said indicating apparatusac` cording to the ilow ci current therethrough, said locking device being adapted to control the said flow ot` current.

2?'. rlrain protecting apparatus comprising track apparatus relating to the making of a clear road for a train along a railway' track, an unlockingdevice adapted to un-` lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cai unlocking operation oit said unlocking vice, a track contact on said track, a genera-` l tor ot electricity, a contacting device on said train, a normally open electric circuit arranged partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted yto be completed through said generator and through said x electromagnetic means on contact `of said contacting device with said ytrack contact,

indicating apparatus on said train, and electroinagnetic means on said train adapted to cause the `operation oit said indicating ap- `paratus according to the flow otcurrent` 1 being adapted to contro] `the said l'loiv oli" current.`

28.` Train protecting apparatus comprising therethrough, said unlocking `device track apparatus relating to the making of a clear road for atrain along a railway` track,

" trackcontact, said resistancedevice includl a locking device adaptedfto lock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the locking operation oit said locking device, a. track contact on said track,`a generator of electricity, a contacting device `on said train, `an electric `circuit arranged `partly on said train and partly on said track and adapted.tohelcoin-` pleted through said generator, through the" track rails on opposite sides of a section of track, and through a resistance device, `on` contact of `said contacting device with said ing `said electromagnetic means, and being adapted to allow the flow throughthe train said clectroinagthe portion of "said circuit of current of predei termined normal value, but being adapted to p be short-cirruited by a train standing on the rails ot said section, indicating apparatus on `said train constantly tending tovop rate but normallyunder arestraint adapted to be removed on contact ol said contacting device with said track contact, and electron'iagnetic means `on saidtrain included in said circuit and adapted when energized by the `flow therethrough of current of said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation ot said indicating apparatus.

29. rllrain protecting apparatus compris` ing track apparatus relating to the making ota clear road for a train track, an unlockingdevice adapted to unlock said track apparatus, electromagnetic means adapted when energized to cause the .unlock` ing operation ci? said unlocking device, a track contact on said track, aggeneratcr ot electricity, a contacting device on said train, an electric circuit arranged partlyon said train and partly on said traekand adapted to be completed through said generator, through the track rails on oppositesides oli' a` section of track, and through a resistance device, on contact ot: said contacting device with said track contact, `said resistance device including said electromagnetic means, and being adapted to allow the How through the train` portionof said circuit of current ot predetermined normal value, but being adaptedto be shortfcircuited by a train standing on the` rails of' said section, :indicating apparatus on said train constantly tending to operate but normally under a restraint adapted to be removed on contact `of said contacting de- "vice with said track contact, and electromagnetic means on said train included in said circuit and adapted when energized by the llo'w therethrough of 'current of said predetermined normal value to restrain the operation of said indicating apparatus.

30; rlrain protecting apparatus compris- "ing track apparatus with means adapted to along a railway

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