US1405633A - Fuel vaporizer for carburetors - Google Patents

Description

M. 0. SMITH.

FUEL VAPORIZEH FOR CARBURETORS.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.25, 1918.

1,405,633. Patented Feb. 7, 1922..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

nannrcn o. slrrrn,

F DALLAS, TEXAS.

FUEL VAPORIZER FOB. CABBURETORS.

A with carburetors for hydrocarbon fuel engines and in such connection it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of such heater or vaporizer.

The heavier hydrocarbons including crude oil or its derivatives from refining operations such as kerosene, etc., can be used as fuel for internal combustion engines provided that such oil can be heated before -entrance into the cylinders and after admixture with air in the carburetor to a temperature at which the oils readily vaporize and commingle with the air to form an explosive charge.

My invention consists essentially in providing a fuel heater or vaporizer arranged to be readily attached to the engine and con nected to a carburetor of any well known type, said heater comprising a hollow casting wherein a certain tubular portion comprises an exhaust manifold and a certain tubular and enlarged portion comprises an inlet manifold, the enlarged portion-projecting into the exhaust manifold in such manner as to be surrounded by the exhaust at the point where the charge enters the inlet manifold from the carburetor.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which- Y Figure l is a side elevational view of a manifold structure embodying my inventionand designed to heat the lmixture from a carburetor.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view lof the same, the section taken on line, 2 2 of Fig. 3.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Figure 2. j

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 2, and

F igure-5 isa cross sectional view taken on line 5 5of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the casting has Specification of Letters Patenti Patente-d Feb. 7, 1922.

Application lcd January 25, '1918. Serial No. 213,711.`

an upper horizontally arranged tubular portion l into which ports 2, conducting the exhaust yfrom the engine, (not shown) empty at points in the under surface of said portion l. The tubular portion l connects by an elbow or bend 3 with the lower somewhat U-shaped tubular portion 4 which in turn terminates in a nipple 5 for connection with the exhaust pipe (not shown.)

In the space between the upper portion l and lower portion 4 of the exhaust manifold is located the intake chamber consisting of the horizontal tubular portion 6 terminating at each end in a bend 7 leading to or terminating in a port 8 the ports 8 connecting respectively the intakechamber with the common intake for the first and second engines and a common intake for the third and fourth engines. l

Intermediate of its ends' the tubular portion 6 is expanded into an enlargement 9 extending into the lower portion 4 to deform the walls thereof so that the base of said enlargement is surrounded and encircled by the lower portion of said exhaust manifold and therefore arranged to be heated by the gases passino' through portion 4 and diverted by the deformation of the assage through said portion so as to encirc e the lower portion of said enlargement. 1

The enlargement 9 is connected by elbow 10 with a carburetor (not shown) and a portion of this\elbow 10 traverses the portion 4 of the exhaust manifold so` that it will be encircled lwith and heated by the gases in their passage through said portion 4. The bowl 9 and its elbow 10 diverge from the vertical plane of the exhaust manifold (see Fi 3)l for greater convenience in the attac Vent ofthe elbow l0 to the carburetor.

The attachment may be readilysecured to the side framing of the engine through'turn buckles 11 or other suitable fastenings.

I have found from actual operation of my device that the mixture from the carburetor of dry gas out of various kinds of fuel of whlch the following is an example. The gasoline of to-day is of about forty-nine Specific gravity and it takes a certain degree of heat to form a dry gas, in other words, to Separate the liquid particles from' the gasoline when it is vaporized; and by the enlargement of the intake tube, a certain amount of gas is held in reserve, that is-not all ofthe gas is withdrawn from the enlargement during the intake stroke of the motor, so that it has time to become highly heated and thus give a gas which is more explosive and powerful than a moist gas would be. It is also possible to use my device with coal oil or kerosene. This takes a greater degree of heat to form into a dry gas, but when it is converted it has more power than gasoline and being cheaper, ef-

fects quite a saving. By putting dry gasv into an engine, that is, a gas in which no liquids are present, .the thinning of lubricating oil in the crank case ,is eliminated, whereas, if a liquid fuel is drawn into the cylinder a certain amount is bound to be carried down into the crank case by the piston rings and thus ruin the life of the lu-v bricating oil. Furthermore, dry gas ignites a great deal quicker than raw or liquid fuel. I have also been able by the use of my device to run an internal combustion engine of the explosive type with filtered crude oil.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A manifold structure for heating explosive mixtures from the carburetor of an internal explosive engine, comprising' an gine, a tubular intake formed integral with and lying along the upper portion of the lower tubular exhaust member, an enlargement formed on said tubular intake and extending into the lower tubular exhaust. and an elbow formed integral with said enlargement and extending through the lower tubular exhaust, whereby a dry gas is delivered to the engine. l

2. A manifold structure comprising upper and lower integrally formed tubular exhaust members communicating with each other at one end, the upper member adapted to receive the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, a tubular intake member formed integral with the lower tubular exhaust and located between the upper and lower tubular exhaust members, an outlet formed at each end 0f said intake member, an enlargement formed midway between said outlets and extending into the lower exhaust member, said enlargement acting as a reservoir for the fuel to insure the heating thereof, an elbow formed integral with the lower part 0f the said enlargement and extending through the lower exhaust member, its projecting end adapted to be secured to a carburetor, whereby a highly heated dry gas is delivered to the cylinders of an internal combustion engine.

In testimony whereof I have signed 4my y name to this specification.

MAURICE O. SMITH.

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