US1488216A - Apparatus for treating organic material - Google Patents

Description

March 25 T924; 1 w. E. OVERTON APPARATUS. FOR TREATING ORGANIC MATERIAL Origihal Filed April 14, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 NMI March 25 1924.

v w. E. OVERTON APPARATUS FOR TREATING ORGANIC MATERIAL 1920 s Sheets-Shet 2 Original Filed April- 14 w m NMN March 25, 1924. 1,488,216

' I w. E. OVERTON APPARATUS FR TREATING ORGANIC MATERIAL Original Filed April 14, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 N f 7/ (III on;

3 u 1 N Q v l N N I I 1 lllllll I v Patented ar. 25, 1924.

wrrrrs n; ovnrtron, or sarr rmoan, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING ORGANIC MATERIAL.

Application filed April 14, 1920, Serial No. 373,990. Renewed August 20, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIsE. Ovnn'roN, a

. ing, with arts ence being organic material, having for timore, in the county of Baltimore City and State of Maryland, have made a certain new and useful Inventionin Apparatus for Treating Organic Material; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the invention, referhad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side view of a machine embodying the invention.

igure 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same.

Figure 3 is an end view of the same.

Figure 4 is a cross-section, showing the shell rotated 180 from normal osition.

Figure 5 is a similar View, with the parts in normal position.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the piproken away.

F1 ure is a view similar to Figure 5, showing a modified form of shell and piping connection.

Fi ure 8 isa side View, partly in section, of an end of the shell, with pressure'establishing connections.

The invention has relation to apparatus fortreating fish, garbage, sewage,- or other an object/to provide means to shorten the time needed in cooking, drying or cooling the material, and to enable large volumes of material to be economically treated without waste of fuel.

In the use of dr heat in direct contact with the material eing treated it is now common to introduce the flames or gaseous products of combustion at one end of the heating chamber r oven above the surface level of the material in said chamber and to blow or cause the hot gases to pass through said chamber to the opposite end thereof, and in such cases it has been found practicable to use only a comparativelythin layer of material as a charge in the oven.

The invention is designed also to provide means for cooking a charge of material'as stated and for cooling and drying the cooked material, Without removal of the charge from the container or transferral to a cooler and dryer.

' arranged horizontally sion 9, whereon is mounted Another object is to provide means for passinga fluid heating medium from a suitable burner through the material indirect contact therewith as stated; or alternately to provide means for first passing the heating medium through the material in indirect contact therewith to indirectly heat the material as through fines penetrating the ma terial, and thereafter to pass the fluid heating medium through the material in direct contact therewith as stated.

.Another object is to adapt longitudinal fines penetrating the material and through which the fluid heating medium is passed as stated to act as stirrers for material such as garbage which is of stringy character, the object being to prevent the garbage from balling up or gathering upon the stirrers.

Other objects and advantages will appear.

The invention consists .in the novel construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating an embodiment of the -invention, the numeral 2 designates a shell or container and normally stationary, said shell being either cylindrical or 'frusto-conical, and provided with end heads .3, 3, and a top opening 4, usually about 12 inches wide and as long as the shell will. admit of, said 0 ening having a cover 5.

Located within the container is a rotat able cooking or drying (or heat conveying and radiating) and stirring member consisting of end heads 6, having each a flue sheet 7, connected by fines or tubes 8, arranged preferably in a single annular series and the members or tubes spaced apart by wide intervals, each tube having a radial stirrer extension 8 directed inwardly of the container, said stirrer extensions being also spaced apart by wide intervals and being comparatively short, leaving a. central open space 9. The end heads 6 have each a tubular extena gear wheel 10, engaged by a pinion 11, mounted upon a drive shaft 12. k

The end heads 3 are each provided with a tubular extension 17, within which rotates the tubular extension 9, the first named extensions having each a stufiingbox 18, engaging the last named extensions and serving to prevent escape of the fish, garbage or other material being treated. The gaseous products of combustion from a suitable oil or other burner are introduced I into the container through a lower longitudinal pipe or pipes 23, having upstanding jet tubes 24 permanently engaging perforations in the bottom of the container.

In the treatment of liquidor semi-liquid substances the introduction of dry heat or of the gaseous products of combustion below the level of the material in the container is ordinarily not possible or practicable for the reason that it has not been found that the heat or gases can be made to sufficiently penetrate the material to cook or dry the same, and in fact applicant is not advised that any such method has ever been attempted.

In order to carry out such a method or process applicant introduces the dry heat or gases in jets below the surface of level of the material as stated, and provides a suc tion draw off pipe 19, connected at 20 with the top portion of the container, usually with one of the end heads thereof as shown and above the level of the contents or material, whereby the dry heat or gaseous products of combustion will be caused to effectually penetrate the mass of material being treated, said material being incidentally lifted orloosened to facilitate the this process, thecontainer may be substangle supply tially or three fourths filled with the ma terial to be treated, leaving only a small space above the material for the suction pipe connection, and inasmuch as the dry heat or hot gases pass directly through the material,

the heatthereof is economically utilized without waste, the separation of the dry heat or hot gases into jets affording means for mechanical penetration of the material being treated, equalizin the action of the heat upon said materia, and utilizing the maximum heat contents or calories of the hot gases. The longitudinal pipes 23 are provided with a supply pipe 16, extending u'pwardlyabove the level of the top of the container and having connection with a suitable heating -means to be hereinafter described. The pipes 23 are preferably provided induplicate one set for the forward portion of the container and one set for the rear portion thereof, each set having a sinpipe 16 and means being pro- Vided eremafter stated whereby either set of pipes may be supplied with the heat or hot gases, or both sets of pipes may be so supplied at the same time, the object being to shift the heat to either end portion of the container as may be required to meet the conditions arising inthe unequal cooking or drying of the material. The stirrer tubes and blades 8, 8, serveto push successive portions of the material in the container into line with the jet tubes or openings, and thereby facilitate the cooking or drying operation, equalizingthe operation and shortening the time needed therefor.

A suitable heating means is employed as for instance a gasoline torch having a discharge tube 22, located within the tubular extension 9 and adapted to direct the flames and hot gases within the tubes 8, said flue sheet being provided with a deflector 2O.v

The supply pipes 16 for the jet tubes 23 are detach-ably connected at their upper ends with a longitudinal pi e main 21 located above the container an having at its forward end downward extensio n 22' connecting with the tubular extension 9 within which the burner or g'asoline torch discharges the flames and hot gases; and at its rear end having a downward extension 23 connecting with the rear tubular extension 9 connecting with the rear end head 6 and tubes 8, said pipe mam 21 having a VEIlXG a, adjacent to forward supply-pipe 16' and a valve '6, adjacent to the rear supply pipe 16. The pipe inai 21 hasconnection with-the suction draw fl pipe 19 by pipe 24*. located in rear of the valve a, and having a valve 0, therein, thepipe 19 having a valve d therein, and 'a pipe 25 from the vacuum pump 26, having connection with the pipe 24' and the pipe 19 by a three. way joint 27, located a bove'the valve (l.

It is preferred that the dry heat or hot gases shall be first passed through the tubes 8 to heat indirectly the material being treated in the container, and thereafter passed through the jet tubes 16, to heat directly the saidmaterial, and to accomplish this result with the piping stated, the vacuum pump being set in operation to establish a suction in the pipe-19, the valves a and a are closed and the valves b and d are 0 en.

This method of treatment'being followedfor a suflicient time, and it being then desired to pass the dry heat or hot gases directly through the material without first passing the same through the aforesaid tubes 8, the valve a is opened, the valve 6, is closed,

the valve '0, is left closed and the valve d, 'is left open, the vacuum pump c'ontinu-ing to suck through the pipe 19 as before. Upon opening of the valve and the closing of the valve d, the flames and hot gases will pass directly to the vacuum pump without the fire or burner.

The apparatus is equally applicable in cooling and drying material that has been previously cooked, both the cooking and cooling operation or process being performed in the same apparatus without transfer of I the material from the cooker to a cooler or dryer. In cooling and drying, the burner or supply of heating medium i cutoff, and a supply of air or fluid cooling medium is furnished to the pipe 21, through the valves 22", 23, and through the air door 30, the valves (1, b, and at being open and the valve 0 closed, and the vacuum pump being set in action to draw the air so supplied through the jet tubes and through the material in the container in direct contact with said material, and out through the pipe 19.

The material in the container is reduced by. the cooking process to about 20% moisture contents. prior to cooling, and in the cooling operation the moisture contents is reduced to about 10%, which is sufiicient for purposes of drying or dessieation, and to cause the material to keep indefinitely.

In case it is desired to usenaphtha or gasoline toextract the oil or grease from the material or garbage being treated, after said material or garbage has been cooked, or cooked and dried as stated, the pipes 19 and 16 are disconnected at 31 and 37, and the container 2 is rotated one half around or through an arc of 180, upon the roller bearings 31, and annular tracks or supports 29 to position shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, and naphtha introduced through the jet tubes 24 now located at the top of the container, said naphtha thoroughly penetrating the homogeneous cooked or cooked and dried material or garbage and passing through all parts thereof owing to the location of the jet tubes over the entire or a large portion of the top of the container.

In this way, the oil or-grease will be thoroughly washed and dissolved out of said material or garbage, and when the dissolvs ing action iscomplete, the naphtha is to prevent escape of the material being treated when the container is reversed as stated. i 3

In Figure 7 of the drawings a mod fication of the apparatus is shown wherein the container '2' is provided with a jacket 3 surrounding the same and provided with a longitudinal partition 4' at the. bottom thereof, the side walls of the container having jet holes 32, and the supply pipe 21 for the hot gases having communication with the upper part of the jacket by valved pipes 16.

In Figure 8 of the drawings a further modification of the apparatus is shown, wherein the means for supplying dry heat. or hot gases is an oil burner or gasoline torch 19 located in the combustion chamber of a coal furnace 19', a. blower or compressor 32 having pipe connection opening at 33 in the ash pit of said furnace, the object. being to force the hot gases or gaseous products of combustion under pressure through the jet tubes 24 and the mass of ma terial being treated, in direct contact therewith; or through the fiues 8 and thereafter through said jet tubes. The blower or compressor is of suflicient power to enable any necessary degree of pressure to be established, and will be used either in substitution 'for "the means for establishing a suction fire is well started,after which it is closed and the hot gases forced through the-flues 8 or pipe 22, as preyiously explained. In neighborhoods wheregno objection is made, the compressor may be used in substitution for the vacuum pump, and the cover of the container removed, the fluid treating medium being forced out through the top opening of the container after being passe-(ll through the material.

-In order that the vacuum pump shall work; properly, it is necessary, either that the moisture contained in the hot vapors shall be condensed prior to getting to the pump, by suitable means (not shown), or

that water shall be pumped direct to the pipe line between the vacuum pump and drier, means therefor also not being shown.

.I claim a 1. In apparatus for treating organic ma terial, a normally stationary container having perforations in the lower portion thereof, a pipe having jet tubes having permanent engagement with said perforations, means for supplying a fluid treating medium through said pipe and jet tubes, said container being capable of rotary movement, and means for imparting a rotary movement to said container, pipe and jet tubes.

2. In apparatus for treating organic material, a normally stationary container having fiues extending therethrough and lower perforations, and-means including a system of valved piping for supplyin; a fluid treating medium and adapted to introduce the same to said-container initially through said perforations or alternatively through said flues and thence through said perforations.

3. In apparatus for .treating organicmaterial, a normally stationary container having perforations in its lower portion, a rotary inner member having longitudinal flues open at theends, a lower pipe having jet tubes permanently engaging said perforations, means for establishing a suction including a pipe having connection with the upper portion of said container, a burner and a system of valved piping having connection with said suction pipe and adapted to cause the hot gasesfrom said burner to pass therefrom above the contents of said container immediately :to said lower pipe 'and jettubes, or alternately to pass through said longitudinal flues, and thereafter above the contents of said container and through container and at the other end a valved branch connected with the other end extension of the container, and means forestablishing a suction connected with the upper portionv of said container, and having a valved connection with the last named walved branch.-

5. In,apparatus for treating organicmaterial, a normally stationary container having perforations in its lower portion and provided with end extensions, a rotary inner member having end extensions located within the first named extensions and provided with longitudinal flues 0 en at the ends, a lower pipe havin jet tu es ermanently engaging said per orations,a urner located in one end extension of said con-' tamer, and means for establishing asuctionincluding a pipe having connection wit-h the upper portion of said container, and a sys-- tem of valved piping having connection with said suction pipe and adapted to cause the hot gases from said burner to. pass therefrom above the contents of said container immediately. to said lower pipe and jet.

tubes, or alternately to pass through said longitudinal flues and thereafter above the contents of said container and through said lower pipe and jet tubes.

6. In apparatus for treating'org'anic material, an elongated container having flues extending therethrough, one end of said flues having a heating connection andfthe other end thereof an outlet connection, and a plurality of valved heat ducts rovided, 70 each with jet openings communicating with said container.

.7. In apparatus for treating organic material, a container, means for establishing a suction including a pipe having connection with the upper portion of said container, and means including a system of valved piping havingconnection with said suction pipe for directing a fluid treating medium alternatively direct to said suction pipe or initially to said container and thence to said suction pipe.

8. In apparatus for treating organic material, a normally stationary container havin erforations extendin aloii the lower 35 e P g g portion thereof and an upper longitudinal screened compartment provided with a valved opening, an inlet pipe communicating with said perforations, and means for rotating said container to reverse the position of said perforations and said screened compartment.

9. In apparatus for treating organic material, a container, a furnace, a pipe communicating with the combustion chamber of said furnace, leading therefromto a point above the level of and adjacent-to said container and thence to and communicatin with the lower portion of said container, and means for establishing suction inthe upper portion of said container. v

10. Apparatus for treating organic ma-. terial, including an inner rotary stirringmember and an outer normally-stationary container member having a top opening and adapted for rotary movement lLxApparatus for treating organic ma-- terial, including an inner rotary stirring member, an outer normally stationary container member having a top opening, means no for rotating said stirring member, and

means for connecting said container member rigidly to said stirring member to rotate therewith.

12. Apparatus for treatinggorganic m'aterial, including an inner rotary stirring member, an outer normally stationary container member having a to openin and bottom perforations, means or Intro ucinga-heating medium into said 'containercomprising a pipe having'detachable connection with said container and adapted to communicate with said perforations, and means for rotating said container. g

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

I W EMOV'ERTON. Witnesses:

STUART HILDER.

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