US1485416A - Beating device - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C. L. KELLER BEATING DEVICE March 4 1924.

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C. L. KELLER March 4 1924, 1,485,416

HEATING DEVICE a Filed May ll, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 4,1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE.

CHABLE L. OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOB 'IO THE RICHARDSON COH- PANY, F LOCKLAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BEATING DEVICE.

Application illedy lay 11, 1928. Serial Nm 638,183.

To all whom t may concern.' l

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. KELLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Beating Devices, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had-to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to devices for reducing to pulp form various kinds of fibers, so a`s to form a mass suitable for formation into webs of felt, and paper in the usual manner.

Lewis Gralin, of Carthage, Indiana, has discovered a process of forming pulp from fibrous material, b the use of a machine which in general orm of construction resembles the swing hammer pulverizer, used a0 in reducing mineral matter to graded grits and powder. The exact action of the revised pulverizer used by Graiiin is obscure, but generallyspeaking it results in avcontinuous reduction of fibrous material into pulp, the B5 finalproduct being of the same or superior character to pulp which has resulted from beater and Jordon treatment over a period of hours, in comparison with which thel time required for reduction by Grafdin is momentary, taking a few seconds.

The swing hammer is formed from a ries of narrow metal bars swung pivotally on a series of cross shafts in a hi h speed drum. Mineral matter is fed into t e drum 95 chamber, which has roughened side walls lying fairly close to the centrifugal position of the bars, and the hammers acting as buckets and as projecting devices, as well as grinding devices, reduce :the mineral matter to pulverulent shape.

The high speed of the drum gives a blow of tremendous force to the mineral matter, and the action noted is very rapid and effective on mineral matter.

When it comes to action on fibrous ma swing hammer beater, and it is my object to provlde a beater or itl might better be termed pulper, which will handle rag liber as well as'wood fiber and old paper liber, and in which the'screens areA kept clear and no retarding action takes place.

I have found that taking the Gralin pulper, and using a fiber such as pieces of rag cut upand wetted, that lthe high speed action results in a forcing of the water away from the fibrous material through the screen, leaving a relatively dry mass which very quickly blocks the passage of material through the screen.

. The increasing of the moisture content of the rag stock does not improve this action appreclably, and AI have discovered that it is necessary to so control the passage of the water that its flow is proportioned to the fiber movement, whereu on the fiber is reduced and moves steadi'y through the machinewithout any clogging whatever. The essence of m device is to provide means for maintainm a suitably gauged retarding actionon t e passage of water throu h the pulper, but it also includes means or augmenting the inicw of water, and means for -wiping the underside of the screen or screens so asto pull or suck through the screen such fibers as are pulped, but catch on the walls of the screen slots.

I accomplish my objects by that certain construction and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more specifically pointed out and claimed.

In the drawing:

Figu

re 1 is a central longitudinal section taken through the device.

Figure 2 is a detail plan view of the screen. Figure 3 is a side elevation of one of the outer blades of the swing hammer. Figure 4v is a detail elevation of a portion of the drum showing the swing hammer arra ment. w`l

A F1 re 5 is a detail longitudinal section showing the device for wiijllilgthe screen.

v Describing first the Gra pul r, I have illustrated a housin having wa 1, and a base 2, said walls vbeing absent at 3 for passage of the reduced material. H' at 4 to the hous' and forming part o the re. duction cham r is the casing 5, having a 1U semi-cylindrical ribbed portion 6, and the 'iov semi-cylindrical ribbed portion 7. The ribs are similar to those of a wash board only slightly larger. The casing 5 also forms a delivery chute 8, and a opper 9 into which rag stock or other fibrous material, which has been cut up and wetted, is poured.` Usualiy a breaker beater will be employed to effect a rough reduction of the stock, and the contents of "the breaker beater, water and all pumped into the hopper.

In the housing 1 is a semi-cylindrical screen 10, in which the openings 11 are narrow slots set at convergent angles, in a series of closely adjacent rows. This slot arrangement seems to further the easiest feeding out ofthe pulp produced.

' The swing hammer is formed of a pair of heavy plates 12,412, on a shaft 13, and driven b said shaft. Arranged in drum fashion about the plates are a series of shafts or rods 14, on whichv are swung a series of fairly narrow, steel lates 15, which have holes to e age over t e shafts.

have shown a staggered arrangement of the plates 15, employing washers 16 between each plate, and on each alternate row starting with a washer, so that opposite the washer spaces on each row will be plates Von the two adjacent rows. The plates are preferably rectangular, except for the two outside plates of each row.

The outside plates (Fig. 3) have their outer corners turned away from the direction of rotation of the drum-like assembly, the plates as shown at 17, having the turnedout corners 18. The action of the turnedout corners, lis to propel the fibrous stock away'from the side walls of the reduction chamber, thereby preventing a jamming action.

The ribbed portions at 6 will lie about 7 /16ths inches away from the diametric or centrifugal position of the plates or hammers 15. The ribbed portions at 7 are preferablyarranged so that the spacing from the hammers begins next to thechute at a 12/,16ths inch spacing, and narrows down to a 7 /16ths inch, next to the screen. The screen throughout is approximately 5/8ths inches away" from the centrifugal position of the hammers.

The above described mechanism is generally that of the Graiin pulper, and as stated, I have found that the centrifugal action applied to the aqueous content of a watery fiber stock, tends to force the water away through the screen leaving the iber stockl relatively dry and thus clogging the screen, as it r uires considerable water to be feed through t e screen mesh.

To avoid this action I provide in the rst lace for .a water tap in the feed chute, as illustrated at 20. This enables me to provide excess water, at one end of t@ machine.

mamie ymembers for wooden slats 23, that arel dropped into the ways formed in the flan ed plates. The water box has an outlet con uit at 24, and the water coming in with the broken stock, or poured in through the water tap, is kept at the level found most effective, thereby submerging a portion at least of the screen. The pum ing action of the swing hammer is then su cient to feed out the pulp and water, so that the mass pours over the gate formed by the slats.

Also for some reason obscure to me, the action ofthe pulper is not retarded, over its action in handlin morev rigid, and more easily reduced brons masses such as chopped up paper, and wood fiber.

As it may be necessary'in some cases to use a doctor, or wiper in connection with the screen, I have shown a structure in which two curved flanged plates are mounted within the housing 1, on the side walls thereof, to form two curved ways 30. In these ways are set cross bars 31, which slide in the ways,

the bars being connected together center to center by means of links 32. In each bar is set a scraper blade 33, which may be of soft ir', and which blades engage with the undersurface of the screen.

The lower one of the bars may'be linked as at 34, with an arm 35, which is reci rocated by means of al rocking bar 36, to w ich arm 35 is pivoted. The rock arm may be energized by an eccentric 37, driven slowly in comparison with the hammer drum device, and linked at 38 with the rock arm.

The action as is evident will be to move the blades through a wiping path against the bottom of the screen, covering the whole screen with a relatively small overall movement of the doctor member. l Of course variations in structure of the device within the range of the usual mechanical equivalents is desired to be covered in the claims that follow, and I wish to particularly point out that while a Watergate such as I have shown is used in venous lll mechanisms in the paper mill, the present lll comprising a swin hammer pulping machine, means for eeding fiber stock and water to the said machine, and means for maintaining the screen of said machine submerged at east in part, in water.

2. A device of thecharacter described, comprisutig a cylindrical chamber formin device, a rum revolving in said device, sal drum equipped with swing hammers, a conduit leadin into said chamber, and a screen closing the ase of said chamber, said screen being semi-cylindrical, and a tankextending from said chamber and communicating therewith, and means for maintaining a desired level of water in said tank.

3. A device of the character described, comprising a swing 'hammer pulping machine, means for feeding wetted fibrous material thereto, and means for maintaining a desired ow of water through said machine, and for retarding said iow to be commensurate with the passage of pulped fiber from said machine.

4. A device of the character described, comprising a cylindrical chamber forming device, a drum revolving in said device, said drum uipped with swing hammers, a conduit leading into said chamber, and a screen closing the base of said chamber, said screen being semi-cylindrical, and a tank extending from said chamber and communicatin therewith, and means for maintaining a esiredlevel of water in said tank,

said screen being formed of a plate with a series of rows of slots therein inclined toward each other in rows.

5. A device of the character described, comprising a cylindrical chamber forming device, a drum revolving in said device, said drum equipped with swing hammers, a lconduit leading into said chamber, and a screen closing the base of said chamber, said screen being semi-cylindrical, and a tank extending from said chamber and communicating therewith, and means for maintaining a desired level of water in said tank, and a wiper :levice adapted to wipe over the underside of the screen, and means for operating said wiper device.

6. A device of the character described, comprising a cylindrical chamber formin device, a drum revolving in said device, sai drum equipped with swing hammers, a conduit leading into said chamber, and a screen closing the base of said chamber, said screen being semi-cylindrical, and a tank extending from said chamber and communicating therewith, and means for maintaining a desired level of water in said tank, said screen being formed of a plate with a series of rows of slots therein inclined toward each other in rows, and a wiping device for the base of the screen comprising a series of blades mounted to move in the plane of the screen,

and a common operator for said series of 05 blades.

CHARLES L. KELLER.

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