US1479901A - Hull of flying machines - Google Patents

Description

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HULL or FLYING MACHINES.

Application filed .Tune 28,1920. -Serial No. 392,552.

To all whom t may concern: l

Be it known that I, CLAUDrUs DORNIER, a citizen of Germany, residing at Friedrichshafen, Germany, have invented certain new 5S and usefulv Improvements in Hulls of Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to flying machines and more especially to the hull or such a machine and is intended to 4satisfactorily solve the problem of housing :the power. plant in the case of flying machines provided with a plurality of motors and propellers, respectively. In the case of flying machines of this kind, it has always been considered as a very serious drawback that1 those portions of the power. plant lodged outside vof the hull are only rendered accessible with great difficulty. The result is that engine cars of rather large size have had to be constructed, as the accessibility thereto by way of the planes forms a problem which can only be solved successfully in the case of big flying machines having four 25,01' even more than four motors of the strength at present in use, while in the case of smaller types of flyingA machines this -would result in practically impossible plane sections being constructed. Moreover the degree of accessibility which can be easily effected does not comply with all requirements.

If thus up to'now there always existed considerable difficulties of properly tending the motors, this drawback has become still more apparent in connectionwith single deck aeroplanes, a type of flying machines more and more acknowledged as being cx- 'tremely favorable. For in this particular forces owing to t e weight of the power plant, caused extreme trouble. For while the said forces in the case of multiple deck aeroplanes of advantageous construction, and having a plurality of motors, areimmediately transferred to the carriage, a simple and direct transmission of this kind can not be readily obtained in the case of more 0r less self-supporting single deck flying apparatus, as the plane, which is already subject to great strains, must thenv be made specially strong at its seat, i. e. at the place where it is joined to the hull. A My present invention is intended to obconstruction the transmission of the landing viate all these drawbacks by not only providing a ready accessibility to the motors, and an advantageous transmission of power, but, in addition, by offering the possibility of reinforcing the plane by means of stays having a favorable angle ofapplication. These advantages are obtained by the hull or body being provided at its sides with disk- 'shaped hollow extensions forming an rintegral part thereof, and which are intended to house either the entire power plant or the driving gear only, as may be desired, and which at the same time shall'serve as a stay or support for the more or less selfsupporting wings. advisability of arranging the 'motors or rthe driving gear close to the hull proper, the said hollow disk-shaped members possess, in accordance with my invention, but a slight depth, with the result that the hull will obl tain approximately the cross-section o f an inverted T. y

By these means theentiremotor plant or,where this is arranged in the center, merely the laterally' located driving gear may either entirely or partly be'lodged on or within the disk-shaped hollow extensions, so that said parts of the driving mechanism will be constantly and readily accessible, while, on the other hand` the carriage mav 'be easily arranged in\sueh wise that it will be able to take up directly the forces trans,

mitted. Moreover by fixing stays to the extremities of the disk-shaped hollow eX- tensions there is obtained an essential reduction in 'height of the wing joists, and consequently', a favorable wing section. Furtheradvantages` reside inv the fact that Jthe` wings may be supported at a relatively great .width by aid ot stays having a very favorable angle, and that further, the forces may be taken upA advantageously by the laterally disposed hollow bodies of the hull. and thus directly transmitted on to the carriage.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this 4specification, the preferred form of a structure embodying the subject matter of my ilive'ntion is clearly illustrated.'

Fig.,1"discloses a front elevation of the improved hull structure asI applied to a monoplane;

F ig. 2 is a front elevation,

Having regard to thel Fig. 3 a side elevation and Fig. 4 a plan of a part of the hulldrawn to an enlarged scale.

The monoplane shown in Fig. 1 consists of a body or hull l, having lateral hollow extensions 2 on which the covered motors 3 Vare so lodged as to be accessible from the interior of the hull. The plane ZLwhich extends right `across the entire structure is connected at the center to the hull and laterally supported or stayed by stays 5. The

wheels 6 of the carriage are disposed imvmediately .below the motorsS.

Although the sub]ec`t matter 'of my invention is intended in the first line Jfor' single deck flying machines provided at each Side with one, or it may bea plurality of`motors,

itis however equally applicable in respect of multiple deck machines.y In the case of large sized flying machines7 one 1 completel carriage, comprising one or morel setsA of wheels, will be found to be required for each side. `said carriages being "then arranged symmetrically to each power plant. Or the power plant mayalso be located centrally, i.. e. all the motors may, if desired, be housed in the hull proper, only the driving gear' (bevel-wheel gear, or the like)7 being disposed on the outside and lodged on or within the hollow extensions.

I claim l. Flying machine comprising in combination a hull the middle portion ot' which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted 'l' and driving gear on the lateral portions of said hull.

e 2. Flying machine comprising in combination a. hull the middle portion of which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted. T, driving gear on the lateral portions ot' said hull and a supportingvplane .braced against said lateral portions.

3. Flying y machine comprising` in combination a hull the middlev portion of which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted and a motor on'each lateral portion of said hull.

I 4.' Flying machine comprising in com-w bination a hull the lmidle portion of which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted-T, a motor on and a carriage below each lateralportion of said hull.

In testimony whereof I aliiX my signature.

-CLAUDUS DRNIER.

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