US1472506A - Telegraph system - Google Patents

Description

1472506 C. O. VAN DER VORT TELEGRAFH SYSTEM F1led Aug 24 1920 Oct. 30, 1923.

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b Chur/es 0. Van der Vorf Patented Oct. 30, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,472506 PATENT OFFICE,

CHA.RIJ% O. VAN IDEE VOR'1, 01' EAS'I ORANGE NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB. T0 WEST- ERN ELECTRIC COMPAJN'Y, INGORPOBA'IED, OIF NEW YORK, N. Y., A GOBPOB.ATION\ O1 NEW YORK.

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Application lied August 24, 1sao. lerial m. 4o:seee.f

T0 all -wkom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. VAN DER Vom, a citizen of the United Ses residing'at East' Orange, in the county 0 Essex and Statue of New Jersey, have invented certainnew, and useful Improvements in Telegraph S stems, of whi0 h the following isa ful, clea1j Concise, und exact description.

This invention relates t o telegraph systems and apparatusand an object. of th mvention is to provid e an improved arrangement for relaying or repeating signal eurrent impulses from one c'1rcuit to another.

Another object is the provision of a highspeed vibrat-ing relay which is eflicient und reliable in operation.

In'operating telegraph apparatus by peversals of current -over long transmision lines, the loss of energy may become so great that'in order to prevent mutilation of signals, with the customary Volt applied, a material -diminution in s must made. Moreover, when the lines are subject to inductive disturbanoes resulting froin exposure to high tension or other telegraph circuits 01 other cause5, the current imp1ilses may bec0me so distorted a3 to 'render 'reliable operation a1: the desired maximum Speed impossible with the present unangements dmployed. It is therefor"e to Overcome these difliculties that the present invention is particularly adapted, alt hou h its use under other circumstanoes ma.y be ound advantageous.

Broadly considered, the invention coucerns an electro-responsive device such as, for example, a relay so constructe'ed und arranged that it is normally in operation at a sgeed approximating that of the arrival oft e line signal current impulses, such impulses then merely being required t0 a'ssist or oppose the normal tendency, in order to cause an exact reproduction of the required efl'ects. More specifically, the i11vention involves the use of a repeater or gelay having a plurality of windings, one of which 15 conneched in the'line circuit, iwhile the other, or what may. be termed the local or auxilia circnit winding, is so arranged andassocxated in a local circuit with a resistance und capacity that the relay armature is nor'mally kept in vibration; the rate of vihration hei ng dependent g;;d cupable of bemg va med y the resistance and capawit employed. he magnetic efl'ect of the ocal circuit winding is always less than the maximum efl'ect produced by line cu rrent impulses passing throu'gh the line winding, und t-he connections are such, that when the armature is on either of its co-operating coutacts the eflect 0f the windin circuit opposes that of the Iine winding. While the armatu1e is 'traveling between its contacts, transitory curmnts pas'sing through this local circuit winding aid the m'a3'netic efiacts produoed by the line winding. That is the eflects produced. by the transitory cur r6nts passing through the local c'i1cuit winding are always in the same direction as those roduced by the impulses passing throug the line wmding.

A relay similar in a number 0f respects to the one coveredherein and comrnonly called the Gulstad relay has been known for some years in connection with submarine be cable tele aphy. In 1;he Gulstad relay,

thre win ings am utilized and are termed line windings0pposin windings and accelefating windings. e present invention ma be considered as an improvement of the ulstacl relay.

In the accolhpanying drawing, a relay strueture representing one embodiment of the invention is shown, which, when cousidered in conjunction with the following description afl'ords a clear understandingof the invention.

The relay may be of the usual polar.type, having an armature 10 'pivoted at one end and adapted to eo-operate at the other with a pair of contacts 15 and 16 respectively conhected to the positive and negativ'e terminals o f a suitable grounded source of energy. Connected with the armature 8 is a reoeiving apparatus R, such as an ordinary Wheatstone receiyer.

About a suitable core is placeda winding 8 through which line current impulses ass produced by a transmitting, key 6 ocated at a distant station. The transmitting mechanism has been shown in the form of a. key, but it is of course obvious that a transmitter such as the well known Wheatstone transmitter may be substitufd therefor.

In addition to the winding 8 there is provided a, sec w1ndi'nsz 9 Wh1ch 1s in the 100a] cluded in a 100211 circuit. One termina1 013 the winding 9 is connected With the ermature 10, while the other terminal is connected t0 ground through a pair 0f variable resistances 11 and 12. Connected t0 one terminal of the Winding 9 and to a point intermediate the two resistanoes 11 and 12 is a variable condenser 14. The values 0f the resistances 11 and 12 are so chosen that the flovv of eurrent through the winding 9 mzyy be adjusted to compensate for any variation in the eunent tra.ve'rsing the 1ine winding 8. This therefore perrnits the adaptation of the re1ay t0 systems in which the voltage supplied is not the Same.

WVith the arrangement heretofore de scribed, the relay is self-vilwating in the following manner:

' \Vhen the armature 10 has just engaged contaet 16, a surge 0LE current flows from the positive termina1 0f the battery t0 the condenser 14 for eharging the Same, and which also tends t0 retain the armature in engagement with contact 16. This is possible since the resistance 0f the path including the condenser is much 1ess than t11e one ineluding the winding 9. Therefore, unti1 the eondenser 14 is completely eharged, substantially no eurrent will fiow through this winding. Upon the accumulation of a. charge on ehe condenser, eurrent then flows through the winding 9 and the resistances 11 and 12 in series t0 ground. The momentary flow 0f eurrent through the winding 9 produees a ma netic efiect which, providmgthe 1ine win ing is not traversed by current, is sufficient to eause the armature 10 to move from co ntact 16. As soon es contact 16 is broken, the charge accumulated on the condenser is permitted to flow through the winding 9 and the resistance 11. The armature 10 will thereupon be carried into engagement with contact 15. When this contact is completed, the rocedure Out- 1ined above is repeated; the rst momentary sur e of current charges the condenser an tends to make a firmer eontaet between the arn1ature 10 and contaet 15. The magnetic effect produced by current flowing through winding 9, after the condenser has been completely charged, finally builds up to a value sufiicient to statt the arme.- ture moving, after which the condenser is brought into p1ay for accelerating the movement thereof.

The rate of vibration 0f armature 10 my be varied b altering the values of condenser 14 an resistances 11 und 12. Increasing the capacity 14 decreases the rate of vibration, since the time required for the' condenser to beeome eompletely charged is longer. The rate 0f vibration may be increased by decreasing the value of the resista-noes 11 und. 12, sinoe under these conditions the magnetic eflect of winding 9 bui1ds up more rapidly.

\Vith -the armatnre 10 in 'engagement With contact 16, und the negative terminal 0f the battery conneeted with the 1ine winding 8 through a contuct on key 6, the resulting magnetic effect produeed by the two windings is such as to retain the armetu1e agninst its engaged contact. Assuming that the relny is in the condition shown, und that i11e 1ine eurrent has started to reverse f101n its 1naximum negative va1ue t0 positive, the magnetic effect producied by negative current passing through W1nding 8 is opposed by the efieet caused by the 100211 cu1rent through winding 9, but since the 1ine current is reversing, and its magnetic effeet is thereby decreasing, the resultant effect 0f holding armature 10 against contct 16 is likewise deereasing. As the 1ine current decreases in va1ue the resultant decrease final1y changing its direction when the effeet produced by winding 9 predominates, and when the predominance has reached a suflieient amount, the armature 10 is eaused 130 move. This may and usually does oecur, however, before the'line eurrent has reached the zero value in its reversal. The instant armature 10 disengages contact 16, a surge is eaused by the discharge of condenser 14 through winding 9, as hereinbefore described. Immediately upon the engagement 0f anmature 10 with contact 15, current flows from the negative terminal 0f the battery to eha.rge the condenser, Which tends to retain the armabure 10 in engagement with its contact. The magnetic efieet 0f winding 9 builds up but '1t ean cause no movement of the annature 10 until the 1ine current starts to reverse in direction.

What is claimed is:

1. In a telegraph system the combination of an incoming telegraph line, a re1ay sonnected thereto comprising a 1ine winding, an armature servin as the core of said win ing, current supp y contacts cooperating wit-h said armature, a 1ocal circuit including a. winding arranged to produce a magnetic eflect sufficient to move seid armature, und a condenser servingnpon the initial engagement of said armature with either of said contacts to retain seid armature in its actuated position, but subsequently responsive to a diminution in the current in said line winding m act on said loca1 winding during its entire discharge period irrespective of the position of the armature.

2. In a telegraph System the combination of an incoming telegraph line, a relay conneeted thereto comprising an armature, (zurrent supp1y contacts cooperating therewith, a. 1ine winding encircling seid armature which formsthe core of said winding, s. 10021-1 circuit including a winding also encircling said armature and arranged 130 produce a magnetic eflect suflicient to move said armature, und a, condenser serving upon the initial en agement of said armature with either of sai conta'cts to retain said zumature in its actated osition, but subsequently responsive to a. dnninution in the current. in said line winding to act 0n sa.id local circuit winding during its entire discharge period.

3. In a. telegraph system the combination of an incoming teleg1aph line a relay cannected thereto comprismg a iine winding, an armature, c'urrent sup ly contacts cooperating therewith, a local circuit including a winding encircling said armature and ar- 'xanged to produce a magnetic' eifect sufl1- cient to move said armature which is thereby magnetically polarized, and a condenser serving upon the initial engagement of said armature with either of said contacts to retain said armature in its actuated position, but subsequently responsive t0 a diminu tion in the current in said line winding to act on said local winding during its entire discharge period.

In w1tness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 17th day of August A. D. 1920.

CHARLES O. VAN DER VORT.

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