US1467239A - Loop-forming mechanism for knitting machines - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 4, 1923. 1,4672% E. DESACHY LOOP FORMING MECHANISM FOR KNITTING MACHINES Filed Nov, 5, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 1 Fig.1? Fig.1.

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E. DESACHY LOOP FORMING MECHANISM FOR KNITTING MACHINES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 5, 1920' Fig. 5.

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E. DESACHY LOOP FORMING MECHANISM FOR KNITTING MACHINES Filed Noy. 5, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F barren sr Patented Sept. 4, i923.

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PAT

ERNEST DESACHY, F LOOS-LES-LILLE, FRANCE.

LOOP-FORMING MECHANISM FOR KNITTING MACHINES.

Application filed November 5,-1920. Serial No. 421,892.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Enmzs'r DESACHY, a citizen of the Republic of France, and res ident of Loos-les-Lille, Nord, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Loop-Forming Mechanism for Knitting left blade;

Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to knitting machines and has for its object an improvement which allows the production of a very elastic fabric, very closely imitating hand work both in its sup'pleness and in the variety ofdesigns which can be obtained.

The invention consistsin substituting for the ordinary self-acting needles of one of the beds, loop formers each consisting of a rod having a heel or butt and terminating in two flexible blades adapted to be separated more or less from one another, their shape varying according to the nature of the work.

7 The use of these loop formers requires for their operation as well as for that of the self-acting needles of the other bed,

special cam sets which permit of varying at will the work executed and of utilizing the jacquard system for obtaining the most varied designs.

In the drawings, which show, by way of example, an improved construction according to the invention,.--

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one loop former;

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the same;

Fig. 1 is a side view of the same;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a loop former with a straight right hand blade and an incurved left hand blade;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of-a loop former with an incurved right blade and straight Fi 2 is a plan view of a loop former in which the symmetrical blades are slightly incurved;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan View of the two needle beds of'the knitting machine, one of which is provided with self-acting needles and the other with loop formers having symmetrical blades, the figure also including a plan view of the cam sets to control the working of the needles and loop formers. 7

Fig. 4 is an elevation of a presser wheel device;

Fig. 5 isan end elevation of said device;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of a weft-guide device, while Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the same;

Figs. 8 to 16 show front and side elevations of the respective positions of the selfacting needles and loop formers.

Each loopeformer comprises a bar a provided with a heel or butt b and a foot 0. Upon thisbar are secured two blades d each consisting of a flexible leaf, of which one end e forms a spring to maintain the loop former in a slot in the bed and of which the other end f is incurved and reduced, in width for a certain length so as to form with the end of the other blade, a beak or point intended to support a' loop of the. knitting. The difference in width between the body of the blade d and its extremity f 7 forms a notch 9 against which the loop taken on by the loop former abuts.

The opening of the eye 'formed by the blades of each loop former is in general such that two ordinary self-acting needles can pass into this eye. In the withdrawal movement of the loop former the tips of the blades are separated (see dotted line position of the blades in Fig. 1) upon which has been laid the loop previously carried by the blades.

. The cams intended for the operation of the ordinary self-acting needles and the blade-fitted loop formers are represented in Fig. 3. A represents the cam set for the ordinary self-acting needles, while B is'the cam set for the blade-fitted loop formers. The cam sets A and Bhaving a rectilinear reciprocating movement, must be symmetric'al so as to give the needles and loop formers the same movement whatever be their direction of displacement.

A cam set A has at its lower part two fixed cams h, h and atthe upper part three fixed cams z, i, i, the central cam i being adjustable vertically. Between these two sets of cams are two cams j, y" pivoted at In in such a way that when the cam sets move from right to left the butts of the needles pass under the cam jand tilt the cam 1" about its axis 7c. so as to pass over the said cam y" as indicated by the dot and dash line Z which represents the center lines of the butts. If the cam 'set is moving from left to right, the butts will pass under the cam y" and will tilt the cam 7'.

The cam set B has at the up er part, four fixed'cams m, m, m, m at the lower part two fixed cams n, n and between these two series two cams o, 0' pivoted at p in such a way that when the cam set is moving from right to left the butts of the loop formers tilt the cam o and follow a straight path (the dot and dash line indicating the center line of the butts) and pass over the cam 0'. In the movement of the cam set from left to right, the cam 0' will tilt so that the butts of the loop formers pass under it, following a straight path, and the cam 0 will be below it so that the butts of the loop former pass over it. At the end of each cam 'n, n is'mounted a cam q, g which can, when desired, project above the plane of the lock so as to make the butt of the loop formers follow the path indicated by the line 9 These cams q, q are intended for use when the machine functions with the jacquard system. These cams have for their object the complete withdrawal of the butts of the loop former from the action of the cam set B, which then engages only those raised by the jacquard system with the desired combinations.

In order that the loop taken up by the tips of the blades may abut against the notches 9', there is mounted u n the slidecarriage a presser wheel (Figs. 4 and '5) which bears against the loop. This presser consists of a steel roller r movable around an axis 1* screwed upon a clip 8 adjustable in height in relation to the supporting bracket a secured upon the slide driving the cam set A.

In case it-is desired to perform knitting work in the loops of which is inserted a weft thread. the presser wheel is replaced by a weft guide (Figs. 6 and 7), which has for its object the pressing of the web and the loop against the notches g and the laying of the weft yarn between the blades and the self-acting needles. This guide is composed of a blade t provided with a channel it into which the weft yarn it passes. The blade t is adjustable in height in relation to the supportin bracket which is secured upon the s ide driving the cam set A in place of the bracket 8' for the presser wheel in the previous arrangement. I

The operation of the knitting machine with one bed filled with ordinary needles and the other with blade-fitted loop formers is as follows: If it is supposed that the cam sets move from'right to left in the direction of the arrow at (Fig. 3), the blades of the loop formers and the self-acting needles occupying the relative "positions shown in Fig. 8, the cam 'n of the cam set B lifts the blades (Fig. 9), and the selfacting needles remain motionless. The rising movement of the blades takes place about,v ten millimeters before the cam it acts upon the needles, in order to prevent the loop ris g aga n at th m ment when th menace cam set A displaces the needles. Under the action of the cam h the needles rise and occupy, with respect. to the loop formers, the position represented in Fig. 9. During this movement the loop formers prevent the knitting from joining in the risingv movement of the needles. The needles, under the action of cam 7', rise and their latches open in such a we that these needles are able, as in the ordinary machines, to take the thread which the yarn guide brings to them (Fig. 10). The withdrawal of the needles is obtained bymeans of cam z" and the needles close themselves at the same time. Since the loop formers have not moved during this movement of the needles, because the cam m is rectilinear, the thread remains cam h (Fig. 12) and remain in this raised position during the beginning of the rising of the loop formers under the action of cam 0' in order to prevent the loops resting in the noses of the loop formers from following the rising movement of the loop formers. The needles then come down again under the action of cam 7" (Fig. 13) while the loop formers continue their rising movement until the loops have passed the head of the needles. and the loops have been pushed to the bottom of the notches g by means of the presser wheel. It is only during this last part ofthe movement of the loop formers that the loops left in the noses of the loop formers are enlarged, as can be seen in Figs. 12 and 13.

While the loop formers remain in theirelevated position for some time, the cam 72. raises the needles again in pairs or singly (according to the arrangement adopted for the needles) between the blades of the loop formers (Fig. 14); and the needles pass j, j'and o, 0' tilt in the opposite directions to those in the preceding movement, so that the succession of the movements enumerated above is reproduced in the same order.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction which have been described. For examplethe loop formers .can be constructed with blades adapted-to take one, two or even more needles between them, the'machine can be made to work with suppression of the needles or of the loop formers at will, widening may be efiected at each stitch or at any desired interval according to the desig n and the work to be done, a jacquard system may be applied to the machine, etc.

Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is+ 1. In a knitting machine a loop former with two flexible blades forming a point upon which an enlarged loop is formed and an eye into which there can penetrate one or more needles, the latter in the withdrawal movement of the loop former separating the blades and remaining motionless while the blades descend leaving the. loop in the hook of. the self-acting needles.

2. In a knitting machine, two needle beds, the needles of one bed comprising loop formers with two flexible blades, the flexible blades of each of said loop formers forming a point upon which a loop is formed and an eye adapted to receive one or more needles of the other bed, and to be spread by the latter on the withdrawal movement of the flexible bladed loop former, for the purposes set forth. 1

3. ,In a knitting machine, two needle beds, in combination with a cam set for one of said needle beds comprising for each direction of working a stationary cam producing the lift of the needles of one bed slightl before the lift of the needles of the second bed'an'd maintaining the former substantially stationary during the formation of the stitch by the needles of the second bed and a fresh lift of the latter, a pivoting cam pro ducing a fresh lift of the needles of the first bed at the moment when the 'needles of the second bed rise for the second time in order I bringing back to engage the needles of the first bed, and a stationary cam effecting the withdrawal of the latter.

4. In a knitting machine, two needle beds, in combination with a cam set for one of said needle beds comprising for each direction of Working a stationarycam producing the lift of the needles of one bed slightly before the lift of the needles of the second bed and maintaining the former during the formationof the stitch by the needles of the second bed and a fresh lift of the latter, a pivoting cam producing a fresh lift of the needles of the first bed at the moment when the needles of the second bed rise for the second time in order to engage the needles of the first bed, a stationary cam effecting the Withdrawal of the latter, together with a cam to adapt the machine to use a jacquard system. 5. In a knitting machine, two needle beds, in combination with a cam set for one of said needle beds comprising for each direction of working a stationary cam, a movable cam producing the lift of the needles of one bed, the pivoting of the latches of the needles of said bed and the engagement of the yarn laid upon the needles of the other bed; a stationary cam, adjustable vertically, producing the withdrawal of the needles of the first bed and the completion of a stitch; a stationary cam producing again the opening of the latches and the projection of the needles of the first bed within the blades of the needles of. the second bed placed in front of the same; and another stationary cam the needles of the first bed which convey the loop carried by the blades of the needles of the second.

ERNEST DESACHY.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM LEES,

GERMAINE Simona.

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