US1464749A - Governor - Google Patents

Description

Au 14, 1923. 1,464,749 H. P. DAHLSTRAND GOVERNOR Original Filed March 31, 1919 Patented Aug. 14, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS 1. IDAHLSTRAND, OF WAUWATOSA, WISCONSIN, ASS IGNOR TO ALLIS-CHALMERS COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE. WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

GOVERNOR.

Application filed. March 31, 1919, Serial No. 287,060.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I-lnxs P. Dninis'rnnnn, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at lVauwatosa, in the county of lililwaukee and State of \Visconsin, has invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Governors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction and operation of speed regulating devices or governors for controlling the speed of rotating bodies such as the rotors of energy translating machines. The speed governor forming the subject of the present invention is especially applicable for controlling the speed of prime movers such as steam turbines, hydraulic turbines, internal combustion engines, steam engines, and the like.

in object of the invention is to provide a speed regulator or governor which is simple and compact in construction and cilicicnt in operation.

One of the more specific objects of the invention is to provide a centrifugal governor which is exceedingly sensitive to variations in speed and which is more reliable in operation than the governors of the prior art. This object is attained by eliminating friction losses between relatively moving coacting parts of the governor.

Another specific object is to provide a speed governor especially adapted for high speed operation.

A further specific object is to provide simple and etlic-ient means for transmitting motion from the weights of a centrifugal governor to the mechanism controlled thereby.

Still another object is to provide a governing mechanism which may be readily assembled and disassembled for inspection or repairs.

These and other objects of the invention and the specific manner of attaining them will be apparent from the following description.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like refer ence characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Fig. 1 a transverse vertical section Renewed March 30, 1922. Serial No. 548,191.

through a speed governor of the centrifugal type, showing the position of the various elements when the governor isatrest.

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through a speed governor of the centrifugal type, showing the position of the various elements when the governor is operating at maximum speed.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through the governor taken along the line IlI-Ill of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4: is an end view of the governor showing details of the casing or housing closure.

The governor comprises in general a cupshaped casing or housing 3 forming a chamber 25, a closure plate or end head 8 for the housing, a motion transmitting element 5 extending through the chamber 25 and projecting beyond the end head 8, and a pair of cylindrical weights l located within the chamber 25 and on opposite sides of the element 5.

The housing is rigidly secured to an end of the shaft 2 by means of headless set screws 18, this shaft 2 being either the main shaft of an energy translating device or an auxiliary shaft rotatable by any suitable means. The housing 3 and shaft 2 are simultaneously rotatable and form a rotary support for the governor.

The end head 8 is screw threaded into the end of the housing 3 remote from the shaft 2 and has parallel guide members 10 coacting with diametrically opposite portions of the cylindrical inner surface of the chamber 25. The guide members 10 have parallel plane surfaces extending parallel to the common axis of the shaft 2 and housing 3. The end head 8 has a central hexagonal boss 26 which is undercut on diametrically opposite flats to form recesses and which has a central bore forming a bearing for the medial portion of the element 5,. A locking plate 9 having two diametrically opposite radiating arms, has a central hexagonal opening fitting the boss 26, the plate 9 being secured to the hexagonal boss 26 by means of a pair of inwardly distorted tongues 19 which are driven into the re cesses of the boss. The outer extremities of the radiating arms of the locking plate 9 coact with diametrically opposite trans verse slots 17 formed in the housing 3, and

element 5 is mounted coaxial with the shaltthereby prevent relative rotation of the head 8 and housing 3. The PI'OVlSlOll oil. the two diametrically opposite pairs oft recesses 17, permits of adjustment the end head 8 longitudinally of the housing irl by quarter turns, while the hexagonal 'foiiamtion of the boss 26 still ifm'ther reduces the 'iicrcmeuts of adjustment. The motion minsinittin.

2 and housing 3, having its one end iit end of the valve stem 20 and tive rotation between the element 5 stem 20, but does not permit lil'JtlliG l tudinal movement between these el': The valve stem 20 has a mntrollii'ug i1 22 associated tl'ierewith, the stem valve 22 being prevented means i a spline 27 coacrii in the valve casing. any form oil valve acting eiti indirectly to control the amount ot for producing; rotation of the 1 min v,

The portion of the motion trai inittiug element 5 within. the chan'iber oi the hous- .ing 8, is provided with a guide men'iber having parallel plane surfaces on opposite sides thereof which parallel to and spaced from the plane inner suri accs of the guide members 10. Tl .lindrical weights l are located between ad *ent plane surfaces of the guiijle members 1.1 1. being secured to these guide members by means of flat spring 6. 7. The inner :"lat spri 7 't are secured at col'respoi'iding ends to tl e guide member is by means of cleats held in place by riveting or otherwise. The outer .[latsprmgs 6 are secureu at corresponding: ends to the guide members 10 by means of cleats 16 held in place by *etiugg or otherwise. The opposite ends oi: the Hat springs G, 7 coact with the eyundriral surfaces of the weights 41 and are secured to diametrically opposite portions oil? these weights by means of through rivet iii. The weig z hts 4 are provided with side flanges ll adaptc l to coact with the side surfaces oi the springs (l, 7 aniitguid ng members l0 H: in order to prevent displacement the weiqhts relativelv to these springs and guide inei'ubers.

The weights t are provided with through openings 12 located eccentrically relatively to the outer cylindrical surfaces oi the weights thereby positioning the center of gravity of each weight to one side oi the center of rotation thcreojt and nearer the axis of the governor when in the position shown in Fig. 1 than when positioned as shown in Fig.2. The center o't gravity 01' each weight is me able in an are about its center oi. rotation or a line extending parallel to its cylindricalsurface and transverse to the axis of the shaft 2.

In. order to assemble the governor, it is be inserted within the chamber of the housing 3 liter which the end head 8 may be screwed into the housing 3 to the proper extent that is, to the position shown in Fig. 1. The locking plate 9 is then slipped over the hexagonal boss 26 in a position such that the radiating arms of the plate 9 will fall at or near two of the slots 17. these radiating arms do not exactly aline with the slots 17 the end head 8 may be turned suiiiciently to cause registration of the arms and the adjacent slots 17. the motion thus required never exceeding ,ii'ter the radiating arms of the plate 9 have been inserted in the adjacent slots 17, the tongues .19 of the plate 9 should be driven into the adjacent recesses of the hexagonal boss 26. The governor is thus completely assembled and may be readily disassembled by mere y bending back the r ial arms of the locking plate 9 suiiiciemly to permit un screwii and, removal of the end head 8 and the associated parts from the housing 3.

During the normal operation of the governor, the shaft 2, housing 3, end head 8, element 5 a d weights 41: are rotating simult: eously, the valve stem 20 and. valve 22 being; fixed against rotati n by means of the spline 27 it the speed of rotation oi? the governor increases, centrifugal force acting upon the weights causes their centers oi gravity to move out 'ardly away from the axis of the governor thereby causing the weights 41in roll or rotate between the confining); guide members 10, M. The rotation of the weights t causes the adjacent fiat springs 6, 7 to enact to a greater extent with the cylindrical outer surfaces of the weights, such increased coaction producing motion of translation oi the element 5 along the g0vernor axis, the translator-y movement of, the element 5 relative to the housing being double tl' of the axis of a weight 4-,. Duriurg this translatory movement oi. the element 5 the weights 4. roll along the adjacent spring-s (a 7, the limit of this mot-ion being; indicated by the position of the elements in If the speed of rotation decreases, the centers of gravity of the weights 4 move inwardly towards the governor axis due to the initial tension in the fiat springs 6, '7 which causes these springs to automatihally assume the position indicated in Fig. 1 upon abatement of the centrifugal force. The translatory movement of the element 5 is transmitted directly through the ball hear ing 21 to the controlling valve 22.

It will be obvious that the rolling of the weights at along the springs 6, 7 induces very little-friction tending to decrease the efficiency of the governor. The end and medial portion of the element 5 may if desired be provided with ball bearings in order to further eliminate friction. Such disclosure has been omitted in order to avoid pact and simple.

It should :beunderstood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction herein shown and de scribed, for various modifications may'occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a governor, a support having an axis, a weight revoluble about said axis and movable only in a direction parallel tosaid axis by centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling the speed of revolution of aid weight, and means for applying the motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

2. In a governor, a support having an axis, a weight revoluble about said axis and confined to rolling motion only parallel to said axis, said rolling motion being produced by centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weight, and means for applying the rolling motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

3. In a governor, a support having an axis and a guide parallel to said axis, a weight revoluble about said axis and movable parallel to said guide by centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weight, and means for applying the motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

4. In a governor, a support having an axis and a guide parallel to said axis, a weight revoluble about said axis and rollable along said guide and parallel to said axis by centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weight, and means for applying the rolling motion of said weight tovarythe position of said controlling means,

5. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, a weight revoluble with said support and movable only in a direction parallel to said axisby centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling tlie speed of revolution oi said weight, and' means for applying the motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means. i

(5. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, a. revoluble weight confined to rolling motion only parallel to said axis, means for controlling the speed of rev0lution of said weight, andmeans for applying the rolling motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

7. In a governor, a support having an axis and a guide parallel to said axis. revoluble weights on opposite sides of said axis and movable parallel to said guide by centrifugal force developed in said weights, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weights, and means for applying the motion of said weights along said guide to vary the position of said controlling means.

8. In a governor, a support having an axis and a guide parallel to sa-idaxis, revoluble weights on oppositesides of said axis and rollable parallel to said guide by centrifugal force developed insaid weights, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weights, and means for applying the rolling motion of said weights to vary the position of said controlling means.

9. In a governor, a rotary support having an axis and a. guiding surface parallel to said axis, a cylindricalweight revoluble about said axis and rollable parallel to said guiding surface by centrifugal force developed in said weight, means for controlling the spced of revolution of said weight, and means coaxial with said support axis for applying the rolling motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

10. In a governor, a rotary support having an axis and a guide parallel to said axis, a weight revoluble about said axis and rollable parallel to said guide, a spring connecting said weight and said guide, a second spring associated with said weight, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weight, and means coaxial with said support axis and associated with one of said springs for applying the rolling motion of said weight to vary the position of said controlling means.

11. In governor, a support rotatable about an axis, and having a surface parallel Weight 'ing movement of said weight.

13. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, a weight, a pair of springs connecting said weight and, said support for producing rocking motion of said weight, said springs extending in part parallel to said support axis and said rocking motion producing translatory motion of a portion of one of said springs, means for controlling the speed of rotation of said support, and means for applying said translatory motion to vary the position of said controlling means.

14. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, said support having a surface parallel to said axis, a motion transmitting element having a surface parallel to said axis, a. weight rollable between said surfaces, l

and means connecting said weight with said support and said element.

15. In a governor, a support rotatable about an-axis, said support having a surface parallel to said axis, a motion transmitting element having a surface parallel to said. axis, a weight rollable between said sur faces, and springs connecting said weight to said support and to said. element respectively.

16. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, said support having surfaces parallel to said axis, a motion transmitting element having surfaces parallel to said axis, weights on opposite sldes of said ele ment rollable on the said parallel surfaces of said support and of said element, and.

springs connecting said weights to their respective adjacent support and element.

'17. In a governor, a support rotatable about an axis, a pair of weights simultane ously movable only in a direction parallel to said axis by centrifugal force developed in said weights, and means for urging said weights in a direction opposite to the direction of motion induced by centrifugal force.

18. In a governor, a support extending along and rotatable about an axis, guide ways adjustable along said axis and relatively to said support, weights connected to said guide ways, means for locking said guide ways to said support in different positions of adjustment, a motion transmitting element, and means connecting said weights and said element.

19.111 a governor, a support extending along, and rotatable about an axis, guide ways associated with said support and adjustable longitudinally of said axis, weights enacting with said guide ways, springs connecting said weights and said guide ways, a motion transmitting element movable relatively to said support, and springs connecting said element and said weights.

20. In a governor. a support-having an axis, a weightrevoluble about said axis and .having an eccentric center of gravity, said weight being movable relatively to said sup port and during its revolution only in a direction parallel to said ZEUS, means for controlling the speed of revolution of said weight, and means for applying the motion of said Weight in a direction parallel to said axis to'vary the position of said controlling means.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is afiixed hereto.

HANS P, DAHLSTRAND.

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