US1463180A - Hammering apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jl lly 3d, 1923.

w. Y. STROH ET AL HAMMERING APPARATUS Fiied Jan. 24,

1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS WITNESS Patented July 31, 1923.

em-m m TE s PATENT fOEFZ FT ICEQ i WILLIAM Y. s'r'n'o'H TAND" GEORGE W; KLAGEs'; 01:; I? ITTSBURG-LEI, JPETNNSYLVANIA.

' HAMMERING APPARATUS;

Application filed Januar 24;"1920. serie n. 353,665: I

IOCZZZ whom it iog Concern: a t

Be it known that we, ViLLIA M VS'IRQII and GE'orzen'VV... KLAens, both citizens of the United States r'esidingat Pittsburgh, Allegheny: County, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hammer Apparatus; of which the 'followingis a full, clear, and exactdescription; referenoebeinghad to the. accompanying drawings, fo1-ming.,part.of this specification, in which: i l j Figure l'isa, side elevation of a preferred form oi apparatus embodying our. invention.

Figure 2 is avertical section'of the same. Figure; 3 is a. face View of. the hammers on ai-larger scale. 1 f I Figure 4 is a section-on vthe line IV-IV. QfFigUre- Land I. Figure isa detail sectional View showing the spring seats. v I p I M Our invention has relation to hammering apparatus; andfis designed to, provide an apparatus of this Character, which is/espeoially applicablefor use in finishing castings by the hammering method described and claimed in the co-pendingapplioation oi J lVilliain Y. Stroh 'one .ofsthe applicants herein, and James Thompson; Serial No.

sisssanied. Dec. i919., t I V In accordance with the method described in that applicatiomcastings are made which are of substantially the contour of theQfinQ ished article desired; and these. castings are finished, by. subjecting them, or certain surfaces thereof, to ahammeringactiOn by means of whichsuch surfacesare brought to thedesired contour and degree. of smoothness and may alsobe polished. The apparatus formedin the subj'ect matter of the present application proi ides means: whereby such method .n ay-be carried. out in an entirely satisfactory and eiiioient manner. 7

The nature of our invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings inlwhich we -have shown a preferred embodiment of our invention, and which will'now be described it being. pre mis ed. however, that various changes can-be made in the details of constmctio n,"arrange ment and combination ofthe lpartswithout departing fromthe 's piritand scope, of our invention as defined. in the appended cla'inis. In" thesefdrawings the numeral 2' designates a-supporting frame or housinghaving a base portion which is preferably proizi'ded with guides {8 whereby it may be movably mounted' i'ipon, a suitable support andalso having an upright s portion 24 in whi h r. i of th, movable parts-hereinafter d dj re mounted;

' 4 designates a shaft which is 1 mounted in the lower part oflsaid uprightportion',:in

suitable bearings 5 and which is driven in any" suitable manner, not shown. Said shaft 4;; between the lside plates ofi the upright portion of the'fra'nieo'r housingthasa p1urality of eccentrics .6, f0'ur "innumber in the pr es e'nt' easel Each of'these eccentrics, is surrounded by a-stra 7 havlnga depending toe; 8' and-an upwar y extending lever arm 9. Ea -h of these lever'arms extends through a'slotin an oscillating member 10 which is];

movablyseated in a vertically movable slide box. 11' mounted, in ways or guides 12 0f the housingportion 2% This slide box'mfay be moved b any suitable'mea'ns, as by'the links 13 connectedto opposite ends thereof andt also connected to ,thelever arms let of a rookershaft 15 said shaft'provided at one endiportion with an actuating leyer 16 which may beheld in different adjusted positions bya bolt: arranged to work in aslot '18 v of the holding member It will be read-.

ily: een that by moving the lever 16 toidiffen ent .positionsgtheslide box can be raised or lowered; and as.,the nicmberylO oarried'in said slide box forms the iulorunis forftheeocentric levers, the adjustment of said slide box "will vary the effective stroke of the toes 8. These toes 18 are arranged to revtract the hammer elements after eachblow of the latter; These elements; designated at 20, are removably secured on the outer; ends of the plungers 121 which are'mounted ro: reciprocation; inssuitab'le guides 22 in the frame 'orshousing, Said elernentsmay take nature of the worlrt'dbe performed. In

various forms according to particular the form shown'they -ha ve ajrelativelyflli n;

i QQ lGQllt-act ,portion 23 extending; transversely thereof; and, preferably, these contact portions, as shown in Figure 3, are staggered or out of line with respect to each other. The said elements have offset lateral edges so as to interfit with each other in the manner indicated in this figure, and thereby strike partially overlapping blows.

The striking impulse is imparted to each plunger by means of a spring 24 seat-ed at one end against a shoulder 25 on the plunger and at the opposite end in a pocket 26 of a seating block 27. This block is slidably mounted in suitable guides 28 in the frame or housing; and each pocket is preferably provided with a follower 29 which is independently adjustable by means of a screw 30. The slide block 27 can also be adjusted as a unit to correspondingly vary the compression of all the springs by any suitable means such as that shown. Such means consist of a hand lever 31 securedto a transversely extending rock shaft 32 and having lever arms 33 at opposite ends which bear against the studs 84 on said block. hen thelever 31 is actuated, the

. block can be moved forwardly against the action of the springs, or can be allowed to move backwardly under the action of the springs. The desired adjustment is secured by providing the lever members 33 with slots 34 having the lockingdevice 35.

Each of the plungers 21 is provided with the shoulder 36 for engagement with one of the toes 8 whereby, under the action of the eccentric, said plunger is retracted against the action of its spring until the prede termined compression of the spring is reached, when the plunger is disengaged by said toe and is impelled in a striking direction by the action of the spring... The several eccentrics are at different angles, as

indicated in Figure 4, so that the series of hammer elementsstrike successive blows.

It is frequentlydesirable. to provide means whereby one or more of the hammer elements may be drawn out of act-ion. For this purpose, we provide a rock shaft 37 having a series of fingers 38, each of which is, designed to engage a shoulder 39 formed on the underside of the corresponding plunger, The shaft 37 isprovided with an actuating lever 39*. When this lever is moved downwardly from its normal vposition, shown in Figure 1, the fingers 38 will engage the plungers to retract them. Any desired plunger or plungers may then be locked in this retracted, inoperative, position by inserting a pin through one ofthe holes 40, provided therefor in the frame or housing and into engagement with the registering hole 41 in theplunger- Or, by inserting the spring pin 41 in the hole 41", all the plungers may be held retracted.

The operation of the machine will-be read- 43 secured in the frame or housing.

ily understood by the foregoing description thereof.

The shaft 4 being continuously rotated,

the series of hammer elements will strike a rapid and continuous succession of blows. For the purpose described, it is desirable that means be provided whereby the maximum stroke of each hammer element in the striking direction is limited. For this purpose each of the plungers is provided with a shoulder 42 which, at the limit of the striking blow, contacts with a stop blopk n this manner each striking blow is stopped at a predetermined maximum point so that the effect upon the casting being finished is to reduce its surface irregularities to the desired plane and preventhammer indentations beyond such plane. The casting to be finished is supported in any suitable manner with respect to the hammer elements. It may, for instance, be supported on a lathe and revolved to the action of these elements; or it may .be placed upon any other suitable support, the character of which will depend upon the form of the casting and the particular surface or surfaces thereof to be finished. V

\Vhile we have shown the machine provided with four hammer elements, we de sire it understood that we are not limited to this particular number, but that a greater or lesser number may be employed as may be desired. In some respects superior work may be done with a single hammer element, although this requires more time.

It will be noted that we provide means whereby the len th of stroke of the hammer elements is controlled; means whereby the compression of each spring may be separately adjusted or the entire series of springs simultaneously adjusted; and that means of simple character are'provided whereby any one or more of the hammers may be readily thrown out of action. The entire machine is simple in its construction and mode of operation. The hammer elements are preferably removably secured to their plungers so that they can be readily removed andrenewed when battered or worn; or may be replaced by other elements having striking faces of different character, according to the particular nature of the work to be done at any time.

Tofacilitate handling of the apparatus it may be provided with a lifting or suspension ring 44.

We claim:

1. Hammeri'ng apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plungers, a spring for each-plunger arranged to impart a striking blow thereto, and an eccentric shaft having a plurality of eccentries at difierent angles,'together withfec v V ranged to impart a strikingblow to the centric straps provided each-with a1'{toe adapted to engage and'retract one offitlie plungers, substantially as described. 2. Hammering apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungersyahammer clement carried by each of said plung ers, a spring for eachplunger arranged to impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shaft having a plurality of eccentrics at dill ferent angles, and eccentrics raps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of the plungers, together with means for varying the effective throw of the eccentrics, substantially as described.

3. Hammcring apparatus comprisinga plurality of reciprocating plungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plung' ers, a spring for eachplunger arrangedto impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shaft having a pluralityofeccentrics at dif-. ferent angle and eccentric straps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of the plungers, together with means for simultaneously adjusting the, several springs,substantially as described.

a, Hammering apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plunger's, a spring for each plunger arranged to impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shaft having a plurality of eccentrics at different angles, and eccentric straps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of the plungers, together with means for simultaneously adjustingthe several springs and also for separately adjusting each spring individually, as described.

5. Hammering apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plungers, a spring for each plunger arranged to" impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shaft having a plurality of eccentrics atdifferent angles, and eccentric straps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of the plungers, together with means whereby any one or more of said plungers may be rendered inactive, substantially as described.

6. Hammering apparatus comprising a plunger mounted for reciprocation, a hammer element carried thereby, a spring ar ranged to impart a striking blow to the plunger, a shaft having an eccentric thereon,

an eccentric strap provided with means for substantially nier element carried thereby, aspringfarplungen'a'sha'ft having aneccentricthera on, an eccentric strap provided with means foruengag'ing and retracting the plunger,

said'strapj also having a lever arm extending therefrom, a fulcrum for said arm, and

means for changing the position of v said flll crum, together with means for-1 varying the action of said spring, substantially as described. d

8. Hammering apparatus comprising a plunger mounted for reciprocation, a hammer elementcarried thereby, a spring a1 ranged to impart a striking blow to the plunger, a shaft having aneccentric thereon,

an eccentric strap provided with means for engagin and retracting the plunger, said strap also haying a; lever arm extending therefrom a fulcrum for said arm, and means for changingthefpositionof said ful crum, together with means for holding the plunger inoperative in retracted substantially as described. i

9. Hammering apparatus. comprising a plurality of plun'gers mounted side by side and provided each'with a separate spring for imparting striking blows thereto,ec-

centric mechanism for retractingsaidip'lung' ers' to coinpress'said springs, a sliding seating block provided with seats for aseries of springs, and means foradjusting said forimparting striking blows thereto, ec-;

centric mechanism for retracting said plungers to coinpresssaid springs, a sliding seating block with a ser es of springs, and means vary the action of said springs, together with means for also adjusting each of said springs individually, substantiallyhs de; scribed. I

11. Hammering apparatus comprising a t p p vfor adjusting said blo'ckfto .simultaneously' series ofplungers mounted for reciproca tion, springs for importing striking blows to said plungers, an eccentric shaft havingv "a plurality of eccentrics, a strap on each of said eccentrics having a toeportion for engagementwith one of the plunge-rs, each'of said eccentrics also having a lever arm, a slide block provided with a series of oscil- 'lating'members through which the lever arms extend and in which they are ful cruined, and means for adjusting said slide block to different positions, substantially as v ments, means for actuating said plungersto cause the hammerelements to make suc scribed.

13. Hammering apparatus comprising a;

- plurality of plungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plungers, springs for unpartlng strlklng blows to the plungers,

means for compressing said springs, and means for liliniting the extent of. penetrating action of each hammer, substantially as lescribed. v l

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands.

:GEORGE W. KLAGES. WILLIAM Y. STROH.

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