US1463054A - Furnace wall - Google Patents

Description

' mawm M LIPTAK FURNACE WALL F l d M y l 1922 July 24, 1923- till MIQEIAEL LIPTAK, 91 ST. PAUL, MINNESQEIA, ASSIGNQR T0 P. GREEN FERR BBZCK @UMIFAN'H', 0F IEEXICQ, llfisgOUl'tIl, A GORYPQRATIUH 91* TJHSSGUBI.

IFWRN WALL.

tlpplicaticn filed 1,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, MIOHAEL LIPTAK, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Walls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to wall structures and is in the nature of a modification or refinement of the wall structure disclosed and claimed in my pending application Serial Number 556,195 filed of date April 24:, 1922 and entitled Furnace -Walls.

Generally stated, the present invention consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described and defined in the claims. This improved wall structure is especially adapted for use in connection with furnaces, or where the inner wall surface will be subjected to intense heat, and hence requires frequent repair or replacements.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective showing a portion of a wall embodying my invention, some of the blocks thereof being removed;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary horizontal section of the wall shown in Fig. 1; v

3, 4 and 5am perspective views showing, respectively, the divided sill bloclr, one of the shelf-forming blocks and one or the key blocks of the wall structure;

Fig. is a perspective showing one of the blocks of one of the pilasters of the "wall structure; and

Fig. '7 is a perspective of the anchoring rods.

in this improved wall, as in the wall of my above identified co-pending application, the complete wall structure, when designed as an outside wall, is made up ofwhat may be designated as a permanent masonry outer wall and a replaceable highly refractory masonry wall. In the preferred construction, the permanent outer wall is faced with fire bricks or blocks, which become a relatively permanent part of the outer wall structure.

19:22. fdcrial l lo. 5575M.

The outer common brickwork 14 of the permanent outer wall is laid in any desired number of layers or courses, and is faced with fire orickslfi. Sill-forming blocks 16 are built into the permanent outer wall andpreierably extend completely through the same. As an important feature of this invention, these sill-forming blocks 16 are split or divided at 16. For an important reason, these sill blocks 16 are of dove-tail form, that is, have outwardly converging sides or vertical walls, and the dividing lines 16* thereof are approximately parallel to one of the converging;- sides. Between the sillforming blocks 1e are built up masonry pilasters, shown as consisting of fire tiles or bricks 17 and the bricks 18 formed with inwardly converging sides or vertical walls, so that said pilasters and sill blocks flare in reverse directions and are adapted for close contact. 'With this arrangement, the pilesters prevent the sill blocks frombe'ing drawn inward out of position and the sill blocks, in turn, assist in holding the pilasters against outward displacement.

The pilasters rise above the sill blocks and are capped by lintels 19 in the form of fire blocks or tiles arranged to form horizontal layers or courses. in the preferred arrange ment, not only the sill blocks but the pilesters and lintels extend completelythrough the permanent wall, so as to form pockets 20 that are open both at the inner and outer sides of the permanent wall. The belts of brickwork itch-15, it will be noted, support the sill blocks and pilasters and all, except the lowermost belt, are built upon the lintels. Also, in this preferred construction, the sill blocks formed with raised lock heads 16*, for an important purpose which will presently appear.

The replaceable inner wall should be made up entirely of highly mfractory blocks, tiles or blocks, and, as shown, is made up chiefly of horizontal belts oi the bricks 21, but between these belts are interosed horizontal layers of shelttforming blocks or tiles QQthat are adapted to be inserted into the pocketsQO and to be interlocked with the sill blocks 16. As shown in Fig. 1, each complete shelf-forming block is made up of three sections or elongated the bricks. Also, in the preferred arrangement, the walls of the permanent outer and replaceable inner structures are separated ill to form an air space 23 and the shelf-forming blocks 22 are long enough to extend from the inner face of the replaceable 1nner wall to the outer face of the permanent wall. In their under edges or bottoms, the shelf-forming block sections 22 are formed with grooves or" channels 22 that receive and interlock with the lock ribs 16 of the sill-forming blocks. Key blocks 24 are placed on top of the sections of the shelfforming blocks 22 and fill the space between the same and the under surfaces of the lintels19. Preferably, the under surfaces of the lintels are beveled and the key-blocks 24 are correspondingly tapered and extended through or approximately through the wall;

between the inwardl projecting portions of the groups of shed-forming block sections 22 may be filled in by supple= mental blocks 25, (see Fig. l), and it is further important to note that these blocks 25 are spaced from the inner faceot the permanent wall so as to afford vertical air passages 26 that connect the arr channels or spaces 23 for the free circulationof air vertically through the same. The air passages errnitting the circulation of air, assist in eeping the wall structure from becoming overheated, or in other words, they cause a cooling action due to the circulation of air and revent the wall from becoming excessively hot in any particular spot or lace. D

@ertain of the pilasters'l'Z-lil come in line with buckstays made up of the customary upright steel channels 27 set in pairs back to back but spaced apart; and to anchor these pilasters d1rectly to the aligned buckstays, l provide anchor rods 28 having downturned hook-like inner ends 29 and threaded at their outer ends. in the preferred arrangement, the pilaster blocks 17 are formed with grooves 30 that term?- nalte in depressed lock wits 31. The anchor bolts and anchor rods 28 are adapted to be inserted endwise into the channels 30 when. their lugs 29' are horizontally turned, and then the said lugs 29 are adapted to be interlocked with the seats 31 when turned vertically downward. The anchor rods 28 are passed between the channels of the buckstays and are provided at their outer ends with washers 32 and nuts 533, which latter, when tightened, tightly clamp the blocks 1? to said buckstays. Thus, the pilasters, which are very firmly set in the permanent outer wall, are directly anchored to the buckstays and this leaves the sill-forming blocks free for removal or replacement without disturbing the. anchoring connections between the buckstays and the perma- The spaces nent wall.

When the .key blocks or bricks 24: have been removed, the shelf-forming blocks 22 may be slightly raised and then readily re= incense moved, providing, of course, that the overlying brick-work has been removed from the projecting port-ions of said shelf-formin blocks. When the key blocks are applie the shelf-forming blocks will be rigidly supported in horizontal positions and will be interlocked to the sill blocks. Here it is importantto note, (see particularly Fig. 2), that the joints or partin lines 16, between the sections of the sill orming blocks, are located vertically below one of the members, as shown the central member, of thecorres b och sections. In Fig. 2, the central sheltforming block section has been removed to show said joint 16*, but it is evident that, when said central block section is applied, it will overlap and interlock with rib portions 16? of the shelf-forming block sections, thereby positively holding the two sill-forming block sections aligned and, hence, locked together as a single dove-tailed or tapered block, which cannot be forced or driren as an entirety inward through the permanent outer wall. When, however, the shelf-forming' blocks are removed, the section of the sill-forming block that has approximately parallel sides may be forced or driven in" ward out of the permanent wall. This makes it a comparatively easy matter to replace-any silldorming blocks thatmay have been damaged. In Fig. 2, the numeral 3% indicates fire clay or cement inserted in the flaring joints between the pilasters and shelf-forming blocks.

Obviously, a wall of the character above described is capable of being very easily kept in repair. The permanent outer wall will last almost indefinitely and the replaceable inner wall may be replaced at burned spots without weakening or disturbing other closely adjacent blocks not requiring replacement. The shelf-forming blocks will holdup a belt of. brickwork when underlying bricks have been removed and while the latter are being replaced.

What I claim is:

1. A composite furnace wall comprising a permanent masonry outer wall with pockets extending through the same, in combination with a highly refractory replaceable inner wall including shelf-forming blocks seated in said pockets and extending from said replaceable inner wall through said permanent outer wall.

2. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said shelf-forming blocksare made up of groups of block sections.

3. The structure defined in claim 1 in further combination with key blocks filling the space between said shelf-forming blocks in the tops of the co-operating pockets and extending through said outer wall.

ponding groups of three shelf-forming ltlll lltl llli

4. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said shelf-forming blocks have interlocking engagement with the bottoms of the co-operating pockets, and in further combination with key blocks filling the space between said shelf-forming blocks and the tops of co-operating pockets and exposed at their outer ends so that they may be driven inward from the outer. side of said permanent wall.

. 5. A composite furnace wall comprising a permanent masonry outer wall having therein horizontal rows of sill-forming blocks, overlying horizontal rows of lintels and intervening pilasters forming vertically spaced rows of horizontally spaced pockets, said sill-formin blocks and pockets extending complete y through said outer wall, in combination with a highly refractory replaceable inner wall including shelf-form ing blocks seated on said sill-forming blocks and extended through said pockets. I

6. The structure defined in claim 5 in further combination with key blocks filling thespace between said shelf-forming blocks and lintels and extending through said pockets substantially to the outer surface of said permanent outer wall.

7. The structure defined in claim 5 in which said sill-forming blocks and pilasters have vertical walls that diverge respectively outward and inward.

8.'The structure defined in claim 1 in combination with buckstays anchored to said permanent outer Wall between the poc-k-' ets thereof. 1

9. The structure defined in claim 5 in further combination with buckstays and anchors directly connecting said pilasters to said buckstays.

10. The structure defined in claim 5 in which said silleforming blocks have an outward flare and are formed in sections, one

section thereof being formed with sides that i I zontally aligned sill blocks and spaced abovesaid sill blocks horizontally aligned lintels,

and a highly refractory replaceable inner wall including shelf-forming blocks extended into the space between said sill blocks and lintels and having interlocking engagement with said sill blocks, said sill blocks being made in sections positively held in alignment by the interlocking en agement of said shelf-forming blocks, and key blocks inserted in the space between said shelfforming blocks and lintels.

13. The structure defined in claim 12 in which said shelf-forming blocks are made up of sections, one of which sections laps the joint between the sections of the co-operating sill block.

14. The structure defined in claim 12 in which said sill blocks are horizontally spaced and said permanent wall between said sill blocks is formed with pilasters on which said lintels rest. 1

15. The structure defined in claim 14 in further combination with buckstays and anchors directly connecting certain of said pilasters to said buckstays.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MICHAEL LIPTAK.

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