US1457010A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

-May' 29, "1923'. 1,457,010

F. R. SUNDERMAN CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 17. 1 17 2 Sheets-Shet 1 1&

May 29, 1923. 1,451,010

' F. R. SUNDERMAN.

CARBURETOR FiledJan. 1'7 1 917 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 29, 1923.

, rnnnnnrox RVSUNPEEMAN, or n'n'rnorr, MICHI AN,- Assrenon'ro sternum CORPORATION, or NEWBURGI-I, New YORK, A oonronnrron OF NEW YoRx;

CARBURETOR.

Applicationfiledll'anuary 17,1911 Serial no. 142,799. 7

To all whom/it may concern:

' Be it known that I, Fnnnnnrox B. SUN? DERMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of. which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carburetors, and

more particularly to carburetors for internal .10 combustion engines.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a durable and efficient-carburetor.

Another object of the invention is the pro the opening for the hydrocarbon, and in which the air valve is not controlled in its operation by a spring; so'tha-t there is nothing of this nature to betampered with or adjusted.

' My invention consists in the novel features and arrangement and construction of: parts hereinafter shown [and described in their preferred embodiment and more particularly pointed out in the appendedclaims. Further objects and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carburetor embodying the preferred .form of my invention; Y

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the same Figure 3 is a longitudinal section taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 44 of Figure 1; and l Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 ofFigure 2.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 3,1 is'a carbu retor having a mixing chamber for hydrocarbon fuel, in the'form of a passageway 2,

which, in the preferred form of the invention as shown, is arrangedhorizontally and is rectangular in cross-section. The outer end of the passageway is provided with a cylindrical air intake extension 2 of greater its hydrocarbon tank 9, and is detachably.

shown-in the present form of the invention" 7 as being cylindrical in cross-section end across-sectional area than the passageway 2',

while the inner end is provided with a suit able'vertical cylindrical extension or nec k-3 having the well know-n' coupling flange 4. for

securing it toa manifold; The neck ofthe carburetor isprovidedwith a throttle valve intake end of the passageway is provided with a strangle ;plate 01' valve 7'1nounted on a swiveled pin 8','which is operated manually; through any suitable connection to-the armf8 f secured to the outer endr of the pin 8; This: strangleplate is normallyjheld' open by a suitable spring 8", and the'plate,

as isunderstood, when used. with: a carbu r 70.

retor, is only closedmomentarily. for the 5- 'mounted on a swi'veled ping6, while the; v

purpose of starting the engine or for caus- "-i ing it to pickup. v i

The passageway 2 is formed separate from secured thereto so that in case'of'fa leak or readily" removed for inspection and repairs,

without. disturbing the connection of the carburetor to the manifold. The tank 9 is '75 other trouble with the tank'the same may be l tending below the bo-ttomwa-l'l of the 'passageway 2, and provided below the passageway with a. bracket or flange 10 preferably formed integrally: with the tank and by means of whichzthe'tankis secured t0\ the 4.

bottom wall screw 11. I

The passageway 2 two nozzles 12 and 13 arranged intandem sageway. These nozzles each preferably project upwardly from thebotom wall of the passageway and to a height substannozzles, in the present form of the inven- 1 tially-as shown in the drawings. 1 These tion, are screwed into the bracketxlO and communicate with orifices 14 and 15 leading to the tank andproject slidablyflthrough the floor of the carburetor so thattheyinay be removed with the tank 'when thelatter is detachedby removing the screwsll."

The passageway is further provided with a valve plate 16' pivoted or hinged 'at'fthe "to the tank, whereby the nozzles aresecured' i top or'upper part' of the-passageway on a pin 17 supported inthe side walls of the carburetor." In the preferred form of the invention as shown (Fig. 3) this valve 'pla'tje is hinged sufficiently close to the upper wall,

or is so arranged, as to substantially prevent the flow of air above the same. The point at which the valve plate is hinged, in the embodiment of the invention shown, is nearer theintake end of the carburetor than is the nozzle 13, and the plate extends inclined across the passageway inwardly and downwardly toward the inner nozzle 12 and has its free end normally resting upon the bottom wall of thepassageway so that the plate, when at rest, shuts oh the passageway between the nozzles. While I prefer to use and have shown but two nozzles, obviously eachmay be replaced by a plurality, thus dividing up the hydrocarbon discharge from each.

The valve plate has its free end bent upwardly from the general direction of the plate in a direction more, parallel with the general direction of the passageway where the'plate is located. This bent portion, as shown, is preferably bent on a relatively 'largearc and has a short straight portion 18 at the extremity of its free end which terminates in proximity to the forward nozzle. In the form of the invention shown, and for a oneinch carburetor, it preferably terminates within about a fourth of an inch of said inner nozzle 12. This shape of the plate and its termination from the inner nozzle is found to give the most satisfactory results in operation.

The valve plate 16, in the present embodiment of the invention (as shown in.

Figs. 3 and 4) substantially fits the passageway so as to substantially'prevent the flow of'a'ir past the sam e when in its normal position, thus greatly increasing the effect of the suction of the engine on the inner nozzle by throwing the full suction, so to speak, on this nozzle, "while substantially preventing the effect of the suction on the outer nozzle 13 so long as the platesubstantia lly closes the passageway, and when the plate is slightly lifted, as at slow speeds, the effect of the suction of the engine on the forward nozzle continues to be substantially increased by the'substantial throttling action of the plate on the incoming air, while the effect of the suction on the outer nozzle is extremely slight, if effective at all, depending upon the heightand location of this nozzle with respect to the inclined valve plate. The plate is located, as shown in Fig. 3, directly'above theouter nozzle 13, so that when'the plate is lifted,'a portion of the incoming air is directed in a converging strea'in'down upon this nozzle, and the whole of the incoming air and the atomized hydrocarbon from this nozzle are directed in a converging stream inwardly toward the inner nozzle 12.

The plate thus produces a venturi effect when lifted in operation,

and also serves to direct the mixture from the outer nozzle 13 downwardly, and to surface is located directly above the curved end of plate 16. It has been found that when this curved surface is used in coiijunction with the plate 16, greater efliciency and more satisfactory operation of the carburetor is obtained. Y

Any suitable float and valve may be utilized in the tank shown, but I prefer the construction herein shown (Figs. 4 and 5), consisting of ahollow metal float 22 carried by an arm 23 which is pivoted at 21 and is provided with a forked end 25, these forks fitting an annular ,LflOOVdti or reduced portion 26 of a plunger the lower end of which fits in a nipple 28 having a passage 29 for the How of gasoline, closed by a ball valve 30 engaged and adapted to be seated by plunger 27 when the float 22 is swung on its pivot. In order to inspect the valve 30, I provide an orificeor opening 31 directly in alignment witlrthe plunger 27. closed by a tap screw 32. The pivot pin 24 for the float lever 23 extends through a projection (Fig. 2) on the outside of the carburetor, and the pin or wire projects outwardly so that when it is desired to inspect the valve this pin may be with,

drawn, the screw 32 removed, and the plunger and valve inspected or removed through this opening, or by removing the nipple 28, as may be most convenient.

The operation of the preferred form of the 1 invention as shown as follows If the strangle plate 7 is utilized, in starting the engine this is closed by the operator, whereupon, as the engine is turnedover,

the suction commences the discharge of hydrocarbon from the forward nozzle 12, and thereupon lifts the valve plate 16 and causes nozzle 13 to discharge, the hydrocarbon from the nozzle 12 being sucked forward in a substantially vertical direction and the hydro- 7 and the plate 16, according to the speedot the engine, drops to a lower position than that assumed when the strangle plate is closed. Assuming that the speed of the engine at this time is very slow, as is generally.

the case, the free edge of the valve plate 16 ion will then lie'say aneighth of an inch above the bottom wall of the passageway, thus, while not substantially closing the passage; way, itsubstantially throttles the flow of in coming air so as to continue the increased effect of the suction on the forward nozzle 12, and so as to substantially check or allow only a feeble discharge of the hydrocarbon from incoming hydrocarbon mixture is deflected by the plate 16 downwardly along the lower wall of the carburetor, and, due to thebent extremity of the plate, is caused to continue to flow in this direction, in a current below the discharge point of the forward nozzle 12.

Thus, at very low speed, a rich mixture is supplied to the engine, and as the engine speeds up, the increased suction continues to lift plate 16, thus increasing the suction on the outer nozzle 13 and admitting an additional amount of air. v

The incoming air is caused, by the lower surface of the plate 16, to'converge on the nozzle 13 and the plate 16 continues to direct this mixture along the lower part of the passageway, but at an increasing depth, depending upon the height that the valve is lifted, while the increased suction and iniiowing air cause the discharge of hydrocarbon from the inner nozzle 12 to be deflected more horizontally than at slower speeds, but the discharge from this nozzle continues to flow into the neck of the carburetor above that from the outer nozzle 13. The deflecting platel9 in this form of the invention, in the position shown, also serves as a deflectin plate for the discharge from nozzle 12 at ow speeds.

It will thus be seen that these features pro vide a carburetor with considerable flexibility of operation,i. e., proper regulation of,

the relative amounts of hydrocarbon and air, and the proper vaporization of the hydrocarbon at starting and for its various speeds, all automatically and without any parts to be adjusted. I

Having understood the construction and features of operation of the preferred form of my invention herein shown, it Wlll be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be. made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention. For example, it is desirable, for the purpose of quick and smooth starting and smooth operation at low speeds, even where the strangle plate 7 is utilized, and more so where such plate is not utilized, to have the valve plate 16 substantially close the passageway between the two nozzles, and for the proper distribution of the hydrocarbon in the passageway it is desirable that the nozzles discharge from the bottom wall ofjthe passageway and have the relative, location with respect to the other parts show'nf But it will be obvious that some features and advantages-of the inv n'-, tion from its broader aspect will be retained with modifications of these parts, and I aim in the appended claims to cover such modifications, and do not wish to be understood as limiting the invention other than as indicated-in; the appended claims.

"Having thus described any invention,

what I claim as-new'and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 ing. withinfihe passageway at a point substantially above the lower wall thereof, a

second nozzle discharging within the passageway at a point further inward than the first, a valve plate in the passageway hinged at the upper wall of the passageway and -movable upwardly and inwardly and adapted to be acted upon by suction to be swung upwardly and inwardly by and according to the suction of an engine, said plate, when in normal position'and when slightly lifted from normal position, extending inclined downwardly and inwardly from its hinge across the passageway toward the'second nozzle and beyond the first to such adistance' thatits free end is sufficiently below the discharge opening of said first nozzle to substantially checkthe discharge of said first nozzle while the suction on the second nozzle is increased by said plate" due to the latters substantial throttling action on the. air, whereby strong suction on the inner nozzle is attained-at 'slow speeds and the discharge of the outer nozzle substantially 1." In a carburetor, the combination ofa i substantially rectangular horizontal pas-- sageway, afhydrocarbon nozzle dlschargretarded until the suction on the plate has i been increased as at higher speeds;

2. In a: carburetor, the combination of a substantially rectangular horizontal pas-' sageway, a-hydrocarbon nozzle discharging within the passageway at a point substantially-abovethe lower wall thereof, a'second nozzle discharging within the passage-v way at a point furtherinward than the 1 1 first,"a valve plate in the passageway hinged at the upper wall of the passageway and movable upwardly and inwardly and adapt-: ed tobe acted upon by suction'tobe swung upwardly and inwardly by and according to the suction of an engine, said plate, when i'n normal position, extending inclined downwardly and inwardly from its hinge across thepassagewayftoward the second or" inner nozzle and to the lower wall of the passageway and substantially closing the nozzle being brought into operation, and to throw the full suction of the engine on the second or inner nozzle by substantially excluding the admission of air.

passageway to prevent said first orouter 8. In a carburetor, the combination of a passageway. for hydrocarbon fuel, a nozzle discharging Within the passageway, an air admission valve plate for controlling the flow of air to the nozzle, said plate hinged at one end to swing Within the passageway and adapted to be acted upon by the suction of an engine to be lifted upwardly and inwardly according to the suction, and ex tending across the passageway 21 suflicient distance to regulate the supply of air past the nozzle according to the suction, and having its free end bent upwardly from the general direction of the body of the plate said passagewa; being provided with an upper surface which is in general convened and located above the free end of said plate to co-operate with said bent free end.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FREDERECK R. SUNDERMAN.

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