US1456690A - Filling and capping machine - Google Patents

Description

May 29, 1923. 1,456,690 M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 5, 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 mm I a May 29, 1923.

1,456,690 M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 5, 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 HHIIIIIIIHI i l 3 l May 29, 1923.

1,456,690 M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 5. 1921 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 IIIIIIIIIH '"H May 29, 1923. 1,456,690

M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE Filed Feb. 5. 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 F}: f $1 5% 3 I t \o N m Ski m (\1 W N 2 N May 29, 1923. 1,456,690

M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MAdHINE Filed Feb. 5, 1921 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 May 29, 1923. 1,456,690

M.GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE May 29, 1923. 1,456,690

M. GOLDBERGER FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Feb. 5, 1921 Patented May 29, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,456,690 PATENT OFFICE.

IOBBIS GOLDBEBGEB, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASBIONOB TO CBESCO CBEAHERY SUPPLY 60., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FILLING AND CAPPING MACHINE.

Application flied February 5, 1921.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, MORRIS Gononnnonn, a :itizen of the United States, and a resident )f Chicago, in the county of Cook and State )f Illinois, have invented certain new and lseful Improvements in Filllng and Cap- )ing Machines; and I do hereby declare that be following is a full, clear, and exact de- ;cription thereof, reference being had to the lccompanying drawings, and to the charac- .ers of reference marked thereon, which orm a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements 1n illing and capping machines for filling reeptacles with liquid, such, for instance, as illing milk bottles with milk and thereafter apping said receptacle.

The invention 1s herein shown as embodrd in a machine wherein the holders or cariers for the receptacles to be filled travel hrough a circular path and are given a step y step, or intermittent, movement through uch path, and while traveling through a ortion of said path the receptacles are filled rom a suitable storage tank or reservoir, nd while at another portion of said path he filled receptacles are capped in readiness or removal from the machine. Certain feaires of the invention are, however, capable f adaptation to specifically other types of machines.

Among the objects of the invention is to rovide 1n a machine of this character, novel leans for supporting the receptacles to be lled and to cause them to travel in such reltlOIl to the filling valves of a reservoir and a capping mechanism that the receptacles [II he filled and capped while supported on 1e same holders, thereby avoiding mechaism of shifting or transferring the filled eceptacles from the holder on which they 2st while being filled to a holder or support )r presenting them to a capping mechaism.

Another object of the invention is to prode a novel mechanism for imparting inrmittent travel to a series of holders to .rry them through a number of stations, so nstructed as to move the series of holders om station to station with a small accelation of speed during such intermittent avel, and to lock the holders from moveent between periods of intermittent travel, ith a holder in cooperative relation to the .pping mechanism, and thereby avoid sud- Serlal Io. 442,738.

den and irregular movements of the filled receptacles carried by the holders, such as would tend to cause the li uid to be thrown or spilled from the receptac es when the holders are traveling from station to station and at the beginning and at the end of such traveling movement.

Another object of the invention, and secondary to the object of filling and capping each receptacle while supported on the same traveling holder, is to provide holders having pairs of spaced seats, each pair of seats to receive two of said receptacles, so arranged that the seats of each pair are radially spaced with respect to the circular path of travel of a circular series of such holders about the cen tral axis of the machine, whereby said seats are disposed in concentric inner and outer rows, with one row in position to support receptacles to receive liquid from a filling reservoir and with the other row of seats in position to support receptacles in cooperative relation to suitable capping mechanism, and also in a loading position, combined with means located at a point in the circular path of movement of the twin seated holders to transfer one receptacle supported on a holder from the filling to the capping and loading position, whereby each receptacle can be capped while supported on the same seat occupied thereby while being filled.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel mechanism for thus transferring the receptacles from their filling to their capping positions which is operatively connected, in timed relation to the means for imparting intermittent motion to the series of holders, by a compact caring that can be disposed at one side of t e machine away from the drippings of the filling mechanism and which can also be compactly enclosed in a casing and run in a lubricant.

A further object of the inventon is to provide in a machine having a filling reservoir which rotates with and above the holders, and to the valved outlets of which receptacles are presented during a portion of the rotation of the series of holders novel means for supporting. and for vertically adjusting said reservoir on a central supporting standard and locking the reservoir in adjusted positions. constructed to maintain the reservoir and the valved outlets intrue vertical position.

A further object of the invention is to produce a holder for a machine of the character described provided with a number of pairs of seats to support receptacles of different capacities such, for instance, as quarts, pints and half ints, to other with means whereby said hol ers can ad ust ed to bring a pair of receptacles of like capacity on each holder, one in the fillin orbit and the other on the capping orbit 0 their path of travel. v

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of the character set forth having a dri catching table beneath the receptacle hol ers formed to drain the dripping outwardly therefrom and also to re ect or to cause to fall outwardly therefrom receptacles that may drop on the table from the holders and thereby avoid crushing of the receptacles between relatively movable parts of the machine.

Other objects of the invention are to 1mrove and simplify filling machines, and the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the arts shown in the drawings and describe in the specification, and is ointed out in the appended claims.

11 the drawings;

Figure 1 is a horizontal section of the machine on the line 11 of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a vertical section thereof on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the indirect line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary section on the line indicated by 4-4 of Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary section in a straight lane, taken on the curved line 55 of igure 6.

Figure 6 is an enlarged section similar to Figure 3 with portions in elevation and with the operative parts in changed positions.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary view showing the mechanism for raising and lowering the ca ing mechanism.

igures 8 and 9 are face views of a cam and associate parts for operating the receptacle transfer mechanism, taken on the line 8--8 of Figure 6, the fiparts being shown in the two figures in di erent operative positions.

Figure 10 is a side elevation of a portion of the mechanism for giving intermittent motion to the series of holders- Figure 11 is a bottom view thereof, with parts in section.

Figure 12 is a detail of a crank constituting part of the mechanism for intermittently driving the series of holders.

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the driving and driven elements of the mechanism for intermittently rotating the holders.

Figure 14 is an axial section of one of the holders on line 14-14 of Figure 1.

Figure 15 is a plan view of a modified holder.

For convenience of terminology, reference is made in the following description to the elements of a milk filling machine to fill conventional milk and cream bottles. It is to be understood, however, that such terms are descriptive and not limiting, and that a mechanism of the general class described can be used for filling other receptacles with material other than milk.

As shown in the drawings, 16 desi ates the base of the machine which is forme with a central vertical bearing 17 to receive and fixedly support a standard 18. 19 designates a filling tank rotatively supported on the standard 18 in a manner hereinafter to be described, from which depend valved filling nozzles 19' of any preferred or known type which valves are adapted to be opened against the force of closing sprin to discharge milk into the bottles therebe ow when the mouths of the bottles are raised a inst the sealing elements of the valved lling nozzles. 20 designates a circular series of holders to support the bottles B while passing through the machine. Said holders are carried on the upper ends of stems 21 which are supported by rollers 22 that rest and roll on a cam track 23 suitably fixed to the base and disposed concentric to the axis of the standard 18, all in a manner hereinafter to be described.

24 designates a generally horizontal table having a central hub 24 that is mounted to rotate about the standard 18, and is supported on the upper end of the central base bearing 17 through the medium of an antifriction bearing 25. Said table is provided near its periphery with angularly spaced upstanding hollow guides 26 to receive the holder stems 21 and through which said stems are adapted to reciprocate. The extension of the stems 21 through the guides 26 constitutes a driving connection between the table and stems to cause the latter and the holders 20 to revolve about the central vertical axis of the machine, to ether with the reservoir 19, when said table is intermittently rotated, in a manner hereinafter to be described. The said reservoir is supported from the table 24 by the gauging and locking cylinders 27, 28, respectively bolted to the table and reservoir, as shown in Figure 2. The specific construction and function of said elements are hereinafter more fully described.

The holders 20 are supported on the stems 21 through the medium of wing plates 29 pinned or otherwise fixed to the stems, said i wing plates having liner studs 30 to enter downwardl opening sockets in said holders to lock the holders on said stems, while permittin the holders to be angularly adjusted on sai stems to adapt the machine to difier- 1 ent diameter bottles, in a manner to be hereinafter described. -The supportin rollers 22 for the holder stemsare rotative y mounted on axles 31 which extend between the depending fork arms of fittings 32 pinned or otherwise fixed to the lower ends of said stems. Said fittings have oppositely extending arms 33 that are apertured at 34 to receive liner ins 35 that depend from the table 24. Said iner pinsserve, when engaged with the apertured fittin s arms, as s own at the right hand side Figure 5, to lock the holders and stems from turning on their axes. The said holders and stems are thus locked from turning when the rollers 22 are ridin on the high ortion of the cam track 23, w ich is throng out the principal length of the cam track as the machine shown is or anized.

The said cam track 23 is provlded at one point with a depressed portion or drop 37 over which each holder stem roller 22 rides in each cycle of movement of a receptacle holder about the axis of the shaft 18. The angular length of said dro is such, relatively to the angular trave of the holders between stations, that at each arrest of movement of the holders, the axis of one of the holder stems is in line with the lowest art of the cam track drop, while the rollers o the next adjacent forward and rearward holder stems are resting on the high part of the track. The adjacent forward holder is at this time located beneath and in operative relation to a capping or closing mechanism, of preferred or known form, designated as a whole by 38 (Figure 2), said capping mechanism comprising, as shown, a capping cylinder 39 and a magazine 40, which are supported on vertically movable rods 41 that are sustained and vertically reciprocated in a manner hereinafter described. When the roller of a holder stem is riding over the drop of the cam, said roller, stem, and holder descend to withdraw the bottle supported on the holder away from the fillin lane of the bottles, as indicated at the le t and side of Figure 5, the descent of thearts being limited by enga ement of the hu of the associated wing gate 29 with the upper end of the guide 26. he said rollers 22, when thus released from the restraining action of the liner pins 35, are guided in their passage through the depressed or drop portion of the cam track by guide flanges 48 (Figures and 6) so as to prevent rotation of the holder stems when the rollers are descending to the lowermost part of the track and are ascendin therefrom.

The said cam track is provided at the lowest portion of the drop thereof with a vertical opening 49 to receive a rocking disc or turntable 50 that is slotted at 51 in line with the groove or way between the guide flanges 48 to receive the holder stem rollers 22. The

disc is thus located in position to be interlocked with each roller 22 as it is brought to rest at the lowest art of the cam track drop and, by reason 0 the fact that the stem. is at this time operatively disconnected from the liner pins rotation of the disc will cause rotation of the holder. Said slotted disc 50, therefore, constitutes a transfer element to rotate the holders in a way totransfer inner bottles on the holders from their inner or filling position or circular ath of travel to the outer or capping and oading circular path of travel. For this purpose said rotatingl disc 50 is formed with an elongated cared ub 53 which has rotative or rocking arin on a vertical shaft 54 that extends upwar 1 from a fixed portion 55 of the frame. The said transfer disc is rocked on its axis throu h 180 degrees of a circle at each operation t ereof by a short, horizontally reclprocating toothed rack 56 that is fixed to a shank 57 which is sleeved to an endwise reciprocating shaft 58 which is operatively connected to and driven by a suitable cam, hereinafter described. The shaft 58 has guiding bearin in the wall of a casing 59 that encloses t e actuating mechanism for said rods and a bearing in a horizontal supportin arm 60, is bolted or otherwise secured to sm casing.

Referring now to the mechanism for intermittently rotating the table 24 and the filling tank and for carrying the pairs of bottles from station to station, through an angular travel, depending upon the number of bottle holders in the series, and for locking said table and said holders from movement between the periods of angular travel, said mechanism is made as follows:

62 designates a hollow, downwardly opening castin arranged beneath the table 24 and bolte thereto. Said cast-ing is formed with a sleeve 63, which has bearing on the lower end of the hub 24' of the table and the upper end of the central bearing 17 of the base, and is disposed across the anti-friction bearing 25 that supports the table on the base. Said casting is rovided with a belllike depending genera spherical formation 64, whose center is in the axis of the standard 18 and in the plane of the lowermost rim or base 65 of said formation. Said spherical formation is provided with a )lurality of elongated upright notches 66 w ich extend principally throughout said spherical portion and are open at the lower rim or edge thereof, and is provided with an equal number of intervening wider, but shallower. notches 67, having curved upper Walls and which also open freely at the lower rim or base of the spherical formation. The number of said notches equals the number of holders in the machine, and there are an equal number of recesses 67. As herein shown, there are eight of such holders, spaced at 45 iiegrees apart, and the notches and intermediate recesses are likewise angularly spaced about the rim of the spherical formation 64. The notched and recessed spherical element 64 constitutes a driven element which cooperates with a driving element that will now be described.

69 designates a .short horizontal rotative shaft that rotates in a bearing 70 carried by a=lateral extension 71 of the machine base. Said shaft is fixed at its outer end to a worm wheel or disc 72 which rotates in a vertical plane and is enclosed in said casing 59, also supported on the base extension 71. Said worm wheel is driven by a worm 73 that is fixed to a shaft 74, one end of which extends outside of, and has bearing in, the wall of the casing at 75, and is rovided with tight and .loose pulleys, as s own in Figure 6: Fixed to the inner end of the shaft 69 is a fitting 76 that is provided with a crank and 77 which is disposed at an oblique angle to the axis of the shaft 69. Said crank arm 77 carries at its outer end a stud 78, whose axis is radial to the center of the spherical formation of the driven element 64. Said stud carries an antifriction roller 79. Said roller bearin stud 78 is disposed at such angle to the axis of the shaft 69 that during one-half of the rotation of said shaft the stud passes from the base line or rim of the spherical formation 64 upwardly into one of the notches 66 and thence downwardly to the base line or rim through the same notch; and during such half rotation of the shaft 69 and its crank stud, the table, together with the holders, are advanced an angular distance equal to the angular distance between adjacent notches 66 or, in the present instance, with eight holders and eight notches, an angular distance of 45 de ees.

The said rotative fitting 76 is provided on the side thereof, opposite to the crank arm 77. with an eccentric or offset locking stud 80, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the shaft 69. Said stud is adapted for engagement with the shallow locking recesses of the driven element 64 at a time when the roller bearing stud 78 is moving through its arc of travel exterior to and out of contact with the driven element and during the time when said stud is passing from one of the notches 66 to the next adjacent driving notch. The said eccentric locking stud 80 is exteriorl curved to fit the curvature of the walls 0 the locking recesses, and the angular length of the curved face of the locking stud is such as to maintain engagement with the curved walls of said locking recesses during the entire period while the roller bearing crank stud is passing from the A base line of said driven element at the open end of one of the driving notches to the base line of said element at the open end of the next adjacent driving notch. Therefore, the

driving element and the parts driven thereby are he d solidly in place between the intervals of angular movement of the driven element. The said locking stud 80 is cut away between its curved bearing face and the plane of the axis of the shaft 69,as indicated at 81, so as to provide for clearance between the base or rim of the driven, element and said stud, while the driving stud 78 is moving throu h the operative part of the arc of travel, as shown in Figure 10.

It will be observed by reference to Figures 2, 10, 11, and 13, that the axis of rotation of the drivin element, or shaft 69, is at a right angle to t e axis of rotation of the driven element, and that the an is of the axis of the crank stud 78 is such n atively to the axis of the driving element as to bring the axis of said stud 78 in radial relation to the center of the spherical formation of the driven element. This relation of the parts brings the roller of the enterin driving stud 78 in contact with the wall 0 each driving slot 66 at the base of the spherical formation 64 and causes the bearing roller 79 of said stud to be in driving contact with the walls of said slot, and the driven element in action, throughout a full 180 degrees of the turning movement ofthe driving element. Said co- 0 eration of the driving and driven element, t erefore eliminates efi'ective lost motion between the parts and contributes to small increments o acceleration and deceleration of the driven element (see Figure 13).

As a result of the construction described, the holders are gently brought into motion from a state of rest as the driving stud enters the slots 66 and the rate of intermittent movement of the said series of holders from station to station closely ap roaches a uniform movement and said holders are brought gently to a state of rest as the driving stud 8 emerges from a driving slot 66. A practical advantage of this intermittent driving motion, when used in connection with a milk or like filling machine, is that liability of suddenly or rapidly moving the bottles during the intermittent, angular movement of .the series of holders, such as would tend to throw the milk from the bottles by reason of the inertia of the fluid is efi'ectively avoided. Another general advantage of this arrangement in respect to Whatever kind of machine in which it may be used is that mechanical shocks between the driving and driven elements is, to a maximum extent, reduced, thereby lessening wear on the contacting parts of the driving and driven element, and shocks on the intermittently movable element, due to large accelerations and decelerations of movement from rest to speed and speed to rest, respectively. Y

Referring now to the mechanism for giving movement to the shaft 58 to operate the transfer disc 50, said mechanism is best shown in Figures 6, 8, and 9, and is made as follows:

The worm wheel 72 is provided on its side adjacent to the shaft 58 with radially inner and outer reversing .closed cam grooves, comprising inner and outer concentric parts 85, 86, respectively, disposed on the same side of the axis of the shaft 69 and with eccentric portions 87, 88 at the other side of said axis. The said eccentric portions of the grooves cross each other at 89. The inner end of the shaft 58 carries an arm 90, disposed at right angles to the axis of the shaft, and to the free end of the arm is hinged an elongated bearing shoe 91, the center of which is the pivot 92 that ivotally support said shoe on the arm 90. aid concentric parts of said cam grooves each comprise 180 degrees and act in conjunction with the bearing shoe 91 and shaft 58 to hold the transfer disc 50 stationary during a like angular or turning movement of the driving shaft 69, and the parts are so relatively timed that said transfer disc is thus held stationary during the time when the driven element 64 and the series of bottle holders are angularly traveling from one station to the other. Likewise when the bearing shoe 91 is passing through the eccentric portion of the cam groove either toward or away from the axis of the shaft 69 endwise movement is imparted to the shaft 58 and to the rack 56 to turn the transfer disc through a one-half rotation to transfer one bottle on the associated holder from the filling to the capping and loading position, and vice versa, and the timing of the parts is such that the transfer movement of the bottles takes place when the holders are locked stationary. This reversing or transfer movement of the bottles takes place while the cam formed on the worm wheel is passing through 180 degrees of movement, thus giving such ample time for transfer as avoids likelihood of the milk or other liquid being thrown or spilled from the bottles. The elongated bearing shoe 91 insures passage thereof across the junction 89 of the eccentric parts of the groove, thereby effecting positive and smooth turning or transfer movement of the bottles.

The reversible cam motion described has the effect to turn the transfer disc 50 first in one direction and then in the other. This construction and arrangement has proven satisfactory in practice and is a desirable one because the operative connections thereof to the driving mechanism is simple and compact, and enables the parts of the driving elements which are desirable to be lubricated to be enclosed within the gear casing to be run in oil. Moreover, the arran ment described, includin the gear drive or the driving element 0 the intermittent movement mechanism, permits the said ear casing to be located at one side of t e bottle supports and away from the dri pings from above. This contributes towar s a sanitary machine.

The guides forthe rods 41 which support and actuate the capping mechanism 38 can be inte ral with the gear casing which encloses t e worm drive and cam mechanism. Said rods extend into said casing or gear box and may be operatively connected to the worm gear to reciprocate said rods by means made as follows:

95 designates a crank pin which is fixed to the side of said worm wheel 72 remote from the cam grooves described. On said crank pin is mounted an anti-friction roller 96 which extends into a horizontal yoke 97, to which the lower ends of the rods 41 are fixed, as most clearly shown in Figures 2 and 7. The said bearing roller 96 is of slightly less diameter than the clearance between the upper and lower members of the yoke. \Vith this construction it will be noted that rotatation of the worm gear 72 acts, through the crank pin and the rods 41, to raise and depress the capping mechanism once during each rotation of the Worm wheel 72. This construction enables the capping mechanism actuating means to be timed relatively to the bottle holder actuating means by a very compact and simple mechanism.

The construction of the gauging and locking cylinders 27 and 28, which support the filling reservoir from the table whereby the said reservoir can be vertically adjusted relatively to the holders 20 is made as follows:

The upper end 99 of the gauging cylinder fits within the locking cylinder and is externally threaded to engage internal threads in said locking cylinder. The said gauging cylinder is exteriorly provided below its screw threads with V-shaped, longitudinal grooves 100 which are adapted to be engaged by the pointed ends of locking screws 101 which are threaded through bosses in said locking sleeve and are provided at their outer ends with knurled heads 102. The said gauging cylinder is also provided in its grooved portion with circumferential gauge marks or grooves 103 that are vertically spaced along said cylinder. Said gauge grooves are adapted to cooperate with the lower end of the locking cylinder and are spaced to adjust the machine to bottles varying from the maximum to the minimum heights. To adiust the machine. the locking screws are backed away from the grooves 100 at a time when no bottles are in the machine. and the reservoir and locking cylinder are rotated in the proper direction to either raise or lower the reservoir. as de sired, through the action of the threads on the locking and gauge cylinder, the extent of adjustment being generally determined by the horizontal gaugl: marks 103. Thereafter the parts are 100 ed in adjustment by the locking screws 101.

The bottle holders 20 are preferably formed to provide seats for a plurality of pairs of bottles of difl'erent capacities, as quarts. pints, and half pints, when operating with bottles whose capacities vary 1n a general way with their diameters. One form of such holders is shown in Figures 1 and 14. wherein 105 designates the bottom of the holder, 106 the upstanding confining rim or flange thereof, and 107 designates a centered hub to receive the upper end of the holder carrying stem 21. Each holder 20 shown in Figure 1 is provided with three pairs of seats, Q. P, and H, with the axis of like seats in the same plane radial to the axis of the holder. The rim 106 is formed as short arcs on radii to correspond with the diameters of the different bottles and the lateral faces of the hub are likewise formed so as to receive and hold in the opposing pairs of seats bottles of the different diameters. The

' bottom wall is pierced to form openings 108 opposite each seat to receive the radially opposed liner studs 30 of the wing plate 29, and thus by merely raising and angularl shifting the holders enable them to be ad justed to present desired pairs of bottles to the filling and to the capping and loading positions.

In Figure 15 is shown a form of holder that can be adjusted to support three bottles of different capacities or diameters by a single 90 angular shift of theholder only. This can be effected by depressing the bottoms of the quart seats Q to form half-pint seats H. and the opposing curvatures 110'. 111', and 110, 111 of the respective multi-arc rim 110 and center hub 111 are so formed and opposed as to circumferentially interlock with and hold the quart and pint botties from sidewise displacement on the holdor The seats for the pint bottles in the latter form of holder overlap the depressed half pint seats, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 15. In said latter form of holder but four liner stud receiving holes 112 need be formed in the bottom wall or plate to provide for the required adjusting shifts, inasmuch as the half pint seats are concentric to the quart seats. and a single adjustment answers for both. The latter receptacle supporting holder is designed to support pairs of receptacles side by side for presentation to pairs of nozzles depending from the filling tank or reservoir. In such construction the capping or closing mechanism will be provided with two capping elements, preferably operated in unison by a unitary operatin mechanism.

T e depressed seats H may have drain openings 114 which answer the same purpose as the liner stud holes 108 of the holder 20 i. e., as drain holes or openings.

The table 24 covers the driving and holder actuatin mechanism and is inclined outwardly from its center and is plain on its top so as to cause milk, water, or other liquid which may fall thereon to readily drain awa therefrom. Thus the machine can be easi y kept in a sanitary condition. The machine is so designed as to provide a suflicient clearance between the holders and table to avoid liability of bottles which may fall on the table becoming jammed and broken between the relatively movable parts, the upper contour of the table facilitating rejection of the bottles by rolling off therefrom.

The operation of the machine will be readily apparent from the foregoing description. To recapitulate, the reservoir 19 is charged with milk or other material, with which the bottles are to be filled, and the machine is set in operation by applying ower to the shaft 74. The single worm w eel 72, connected to the various elements of the machine as described, positively and in accurate timed relation intermittently rotates the reservoir '19 and drives the holders through their orbital paths of movement from station to station, operates the transfer disc to turn it at each intermittent travel of the holder one half turn to successively shift the bottles from the inner to the outer orbits of travel or from their filling ositions to their cappin and loading position, and the capping mec anism is actuated to apply caps to the filled bottles in the outer orbit of travel, as the outer bottles are successively brought to rest thereunder at the capping station. The filling of the bottles in the inner circle begins when the holders are raised or at the time when the holder stem rollers travel up the rising portion of the cam de ression or drop 37, and the bottles are maintained in filling position during the entire time the rollers 22 are traveling on the high part of the cam track. In the organization shown, with eight bottle holders in the series and angularly spaced at 45 degrees apart, the high part of the cam can occupy substantially 270 degrees of the orbital travel of the holders, which gives ample time for the transfer of milk to and the release of air from the bottles. The valved filling nozzle can be of any well known type to deliver milk or other liquid to a predetermined level within the bott e and with the size of the bottle determined and the amount of insertion of the nozzle into the bottle neck, to deliver a predetermined quantity of 1i uid and no more. The bottles can be plac on the radially outer seats of the holders at any point of the travel of the holders in rear of the cam track drop, and will be transferred to the filling position of the bottles by the transfer disc or turntable 50, as described.

The filled and ca ped bottles can also be removed from the liolders at any point in the outer orbital travel of the bottles. In practice, however, it is convenient for the operator to stand adjacent to and in rear of the capping mechanism to remove the bottles soon after they are capped and to reload the outer holder seats with empty bottles I claim as my invention:

1. In a filling and closing machine, a revolnble twin receptacle support, a filling mechanism and closing mechanism spaced radially to the axis of revolution of the support and across a circumferential line concentrically enclosing said axis, with the support traveling to and past the closing mechanism. and means to shift receptacles while sustained on said support from operative relation to the filling mechanism to operative relation to the closing mechanism, and vice versa.

2. In a filling and closing machine, a revoluble twin receptacle support having a pair of receptacle seats s aced across the path of revolution of said support in a plane radial to the axis of revolution of the support, filling and closing mechanisms spaced radially to said axis, past which said closing mechanism said support travels, and means to shift rece tacles on said support from operative relation to the filling mechanism to operative relation to the closing mechanism, and vice versa.

3. In a filling and closing machine, a revoluble twin-receptacle support having a pair of receptacle seats spaced across the path of revolution of said support in a plane radial to the axis of revolution of the support. filling and closing mechanisms spaced radially to said axis past which said closing mechanism said support travels, and means to rotate said suppo'rt on an axis between said seats.

4. A filling and closing machine, comprising a rotatlve filling receptacle provided with a circular series of filling nozzles, a closing mechanism radially exterior to said nozzles, a revoluble series of twin seat receptacle supports with the seats vertically aligned with and vertically movable to present the receptacles to said nozzles and closing mechanism, and means for transferring said supports to present said receptacles to said nozzles and closing mechanism, to and past which closing mechanism the receptacles are moved by revolution of said series of suppo'rts.

5. A filling and closing machine, comprising filling mechanism, closing mechanism, a revoluble series of spaced receptacle supporting seats movable in concentric orbits with and past the fillin and closing mechanisms, respectively, and means for transferring the said seats from the filling to the closing orbits, and vice ve'rsa.

6. A filling and closing machine, comprising filling mechanism, closing mechanism, and a revoluble series of holders, having spaced receptacle su porting seats movable with and past said filllng and closing mechanisms, respectively, said supports bein rotative on axes lying between their sai seats.

7. A filling and closing machine comprising a filling mechanism, a sin le closing mechanism, radially spaced relatively to the vertical axis of the machine, a series of holders revoluble about said axis, having integral sustaining seats to support a pair of receptacles spaced in the radial plane of said axis, and means located in advance of the closing mechanism, relatively to the di rection of travel of said holders, to separately rotate said holders.

8. A fillin and closing machine, comp'rising a revolu le series of twin receptacle suppoits for the receptacles, each having its own seat to sustain the receptacle, filling and closing mechanisms for receptacles, operative to fill and close them while sustained on said suplports, said receptacles bein spaced radia ly thereon across the orbita path of the su ports, there being a single closing mec anism operative with a plurality of filling mechanisms, and means for transferring the receptacles across said path to be successively presented to the filling and closing mechanisms.

9. A filling and closing machine, comprising a revoluble series of receptacle supports, each having its integral receptacle seats radially spaced across the circular path of travel of the supports, a plurality of means to fill the receptacles when traveling on one side of said path, a single means to close the receptacles when occupying the other side of said path, and means to rotate the supports on axes between said seats to transfer the receptacles of a pair across said circular path.

10. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame, a filling tank rotatively supported thereon and provided with a plura ity of angularly spaced valved filling nozzles, a closing mechanism located radially outwardly beyond said nozzles, a series of holders revoluble about the axis of rotation of the tank, each formed with a pair of seats to support a. pair of radially spaced receptacles, with one in position to co-operate with the filling nozzles and the other in position to co-operate with the closing mechanism, a cam to raise and lower the holders relatively to the nozzles and the closing mechanism, and means at the cum to rotate said holders on axes lying between the respective seats of said holders.

11. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame, an annular series of filling mechanisms supported thereon, a closing mechanism located radially outwardly beyond said filling mechanisms, an annular series of holders intermittently revoluble about the central axis of the machine, each adapted to support a pair of receptacles spaced in a plane radial to said axis, a fixed cam r ng concentric to said axis to support said holders and to raise and lower them relatively to said filling and closing mechanisms and having a cam drop, and means at the drop of the cam ring and operative between intermittent movements of the holders for separately rotating said holders on their axes.

12. A filling and clos ng machine comprising a frame, an annular series of filling mechanisms supported thereon, a closing mechanism located radially outwardly beyond said filling mechanisms, an annular series of holders intermittently revoluble about the central axis of the machine, each adapted to support a pair of receptacles spaced in a plane radial to said axis, a fixed cam track beneath said holders, stems depending from said holders and provided with rollers wh ch travel on said cam track, and means at the drop of the cam track to engage said rollers, to separately rotate the holders as their rollers.

13. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame, an annular series of filling mechanisms supported thereon, a closing mechanism located radially outwardly beyond said filling mechanisms, an annular series of holders intermittently revoluble about the central axis of the machine, each adapted to support a pair of receptacles spaced in a plane radial to said axs, a fixed cam track beneath said holders, stems depending from the holders and provided with rollers which travel on said cam track, said cam track being provided in advance of the clos'ng mechanism with a drop, a slotted rotative transfer element located at the lowest part of the drop to receive the stem supporting rollers between intermittent movements of the holders. and means for rockingsaid transfer element one-half turn when so engaged with said rollers.

14. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame provided with a central standard, a table rotatively supported on said frame to rotate about the axis of said standard. a fixed cam track below said table, an annular series of angularly spaced holdersprovided with stems which have driving and vertical guiding engagement with said table and supported by said cam track, said holders being provided with inner and outer seats spaced in radial planes of the axis of said standard. mechanism to fill the receptacles when occupying the inner series of seats. a closing mechanism to close the filled receptacles when occupying the outer series of seats, and means in advance of said closing mechanism acting on the holders to transfer the receptacle of a pair from one mechanism to the other without movement of the receptacles from their seats.

15. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame provided with a central standard, a table rotatively supported on said frame to rotate about the axis of said standard, a fixed cam track below said table, an annular series of angularly spaced holders provided with stems which have driving and vertical guidin engagement with said table and supported by said cam track, said holders being provided with inner and outer seats spaced in radial planes of the axis of said standard, means to intermittently rotate said series of holders, mechanism to fill the receptacles when oocupying the inner series of said seats, a-

closing mechanism to close the filled receptacles when occupying the outer series of said seats, transfer means operable between periods of intermittent revolution of the holders for turning said holders, said transfer means embracing a rocking member at the cam track in advance of the closing mechanism, a reversing cam device operatively connected in timed relation to the intermittent holder driving means, and operative connections between said cam device and sa d rocking member.

16. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame provided with a central standard, a table rotatively supported on said frame to rotate about the axis of said stand ard, a fixed cam track below said table, an annular series of angularly spaced holders provided with stems which have driving and vertical guiding engagement with said table and supported by said cam track, said holders being provided with inner and outer seats spaced in radial planes of the axis of said standard. meansto intermittently rotate said series of holders, mechanism to fill the receptacles when occupying the inner series of said seats, a closing mechanism to close the filled receptacles when occupying the outer series of said seats, transfer means operable between periods of intermittent revolution of the holders for turning said holders, said transfer means embracing a rocking member at the cam track in advance of the closing mechanism, a reversing cam device operatively connected in timed relation to the intermittent holder driving means, and operative connections between said cam device and said rocking member, said cam embracing a disc formed on its face with a continuous cam groove, embracing inner and outer concentric parts at one side of the axis of the disc, and eccentric parts at the other side of said axis, said eccentric parts of the cam grooves crossing each other.

17. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame provided with a central standar a table rotatively supported on said frame to rotate about the axis of said standard, a fixed cam track below said table, an annular series of angularly spaced holders provided with stems which have driving and vertical guiding engagement with said table and supported by said cam track, said holders being provided with inner and outer seats spaced in radial planes of the axis of said standard, means to intermittently rotate said series of holders, mechanism to fill the receptacles when occupying the inner series of said seats, a closing mechanism to close the filled receptacles when occupying the outer series of said seats, transfer means operable between periods of intermittent revolution of the holders for turning said holders, said transfer means embracing a rocking member at the cam track in advance of the closing mechanism, a reversing cam device operatively connected in timed relation to the intermittent holder driving means, operative connections between said cam device and said rocking member, operative to actuate said member between periods of intermittent revolution of said series of holders, and operative connections between said cam device and said closing mechanism.

18. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame, a table rotatively supported on said frame with means to intermittently drive it, an annular series .of angularly spaced holders rovided with stems that have guiding an driving engagement with said table and provided at their lower ends with rollers, a cam track on which said rollers rest and roll, and provided with a drop having descending and ascending portions to lower and raise the holders, respectively, from filling and closing positions, a turn table at the lower part of the drop to separately engage said rollers, with means to rock said turn table to turn said holders, and means operative when the rollers travel on the high part of the cam track to prevent angular movement of said holders relative to the table, and constructed to release the holders to permit them to turn when their respective rollers are engaged with the turn table.

19. A filling and closing machine comprising a frame, a table rotatively supported on said frame with means to intermittently drive it, an annular series of angularly spaced holders provided with stems that have guiding and driving engagement with said table and provided at their lower ends with rollers, a cam track on which said rollers rest and roll, and provided with a drop having descending and ascending portions to lower and raise the holders, respectively, to and from filling and closing positions, a turn table at the lower part of the drop to separately engage said rollers, with means to rock said turn table to turn said holders, apertured wings on said holder stems below said table, and liner pins depending from said table to engage the apertures of said wings when the holder stem rollers are travcling on the high part of the cam track, and releasable from said wings when the said rollers pass over and descend into the drop of said cam track.

20. A filling and capping mechanism comprising a frame, a table rotatively supported on said frame with means to intermittently drive it, an annular series of angula-rly spaced holders provided with stems that have guiding and driving engagement with said table and provided at their lower ends with rollers, a cam track on which said rollers rest and roll, and provided with a drop having descending and ascending portions to lower and raise the holders, respectively, to and from filling and closing positions, a turn table at the lower part of the drop to separately engage said rollers, with means to rock said turn table to turn said holders, means operative when the rollers travel on the high part of the cam track to prevent angular movement of said holders relative to the table, and guide means at the descending and ascending portions of the cam drop to engage said rollers to prevent said holders from turning.

21. In a filling machine the combination with an intermittently rotative table, a circular series of angularly spaced holders having stems which have driving and vertical guiding engagement with said table and having supporting rollers, a circular cam track on which said rollers travel to control raising and lowering of said holders toward and from a filling position, means to non-rotatively lock said holders to the table when the holders are raised, permitting release from said interlocking means when the holders are lowered, and means to rock said holders when so released.

22. In a filling machine the combination with an intermittently rotative table, a circular series of angularly spaced holders having stems that have driving and vertical guiding engagement with said table and have supporting rollers, a circular cam track on which said rollers travel to control raising and lowering of said holders toward and from a filling position, a slotted turn table at the lowest part of said cam track to separately receive said rollers, and means to rock said turn table, operative between intervals of turning movement of said intermittently rotative table.

23. In a filling machine the combination with a revoluble vertically movable receptacle twin holder and means to effect its vertical movement towards and from a filling position, of other means to rock the holder about its vertical axis when lowered from said filling position.

24. In a filling machine the combination with a rotative table and means to intermittently rotate it, and annular series of holders provided with stems having driving and vertical guiding engagement with sai table, of means to control movement of the holders towards and from a filling position, means 0 rative between intermittent movements 0 the table to rock the holders when lowered from said filling position, and means to hold said holders non rotatively interlocked relatively to the table in all positions of the holders except when under control of said rocking means.

25. In a filling machine, a receptacle holder having a plurality of pairs of diametrically opposed seats, a support for the holder, and means to interlock said holder to said support, including means to be released upon relative movement of the holder and support to permit angular adjustment of the holder on the support to variously present a pair of seats to a filling and a closin position.

26. n a filling machine,- a rece tacle holder having a plurality of pairs 0 diametrically opposed seats, a support for the holder, said support being provided with a pair of opposed liner lugs adapted to interchangeably engage pairs of apertures in said seats.

27. A filling and closing machine comprising a base, a filling mechanism supported thereon having means to present receptacles thereto to fill them, a closing mechanism, a vertical, rotative driven element connected to and driving said filling mechanism, a horizontal, rotative driver element operative to intermittently drive said driven element, a gear wheel at one side of said base for rotating the driver element, a drive shaft meshing with and driving said gear wheel, a vertically reciprocating element for actuating said closing mechanism and disposed in a plane parallel to the plane of said gear wheel, and a driving connection between said gear wheel and said reciproeating element.

28. A filling and closing machine comprisin a base, a filling mechanism supports thereon having means to present receptacles thereto to fill them, a closing mechanism, a vertical, rotative driven element connected to and driving said filling mechanism, a horizontal, rotative driver element operative to intermittently drive said driven element, a gear wheel at one side of said base for rotating the driver element, a drive shaft meshing with and driving said gear, a vertically reciprocating element for actuating said closin mechanism and in a plane parallel to t e plane of said gear a crank pin on the gear remote from said driver element, and a yoke carried by said reciprocating element and engaging said crank pin.

29. A fillin and closin machine comprising a base, filing and c osing mechanisms supported thereon, a series of an ularly spaced receptacles revoluble about t e central axis of the machine, each having a pair of diametric receptacle seats, a cam track to support said holders and having a dro to revent and retract the holders towar s an from said filling and closing mechanism rocking reversin means at the drop of sai truck to separate y rotate the holders on their axes a one-half turn, as the holders pass over said drop, a power driven disc at one side of the base a driven element connected to said series oi holders, a driver element operatively connected to said disc to intermittently drive said driven element and said holders, a cam element on one side of said disc and connected to and actuating said reversing means, a vertically reciprocating element arallel to the plane of said disc for actuating said closing mechanism, and open ative connections between said reciprocating element and a part on said disc remote from said cam element and driver element.

30. A filling machine com rising a frame, a rotative table thereon, a llin tank supported thereon, provided with fil in nozzles, receptacle holders, combined with means for controlling movement thereof relatively to said tank towards and from filling positions, the supporting means for the tank being vertica ly adjustable and comprising an externally threaded sleeve mounted on said table and provided with exterior, an ularly spaced Igrooves, an interiorly threa ed cylinder fixe to said tank and surrounding and threaded to said sleeve, and lockin screws threaded through said 0 linder an fitting at their inner ends in sai grooves.

31. A filling machine comprising a frame, a table rotatively supported thereon, a filling tank fixed to and rotating with said table, holders above the table having driving and vertically movable engagement with said table to present the hol ers to a filling position, a closing device radiall exterior to said tank, and means beneath t e table to intermittently revolve the holders and to present them towards fillin and driving positions, said table bein so id and Being raised at its center and inc ined towards its mar- 32. A filling and closin machine, comprising revoluble receptace filling means, a receptacle closing means spaced radially outwardly therefrom, an intermittently revoluble series of spaced receptacle sustainin seats movable in inner and outer orbits, an means operative between intervals of intermittent movements of said spaced seats to transfer said seats from the inner to the outer orbits, and vice versa.

33. A fillin and closing machine, comprising revolu le receptacle filling means, a single receptacle closing means spaced radially outwardly therefrom, an intermittently revoluble series of s aced receptacle sustaining seats movable in inner and outer orbits, and each rotative on an axis between said seats, and means operative between intervals of intermittent movements of said seats to rotate said seats about their said axis.

34. In a filling and closing machine, an intermittently revoluble receptacle support having twin sustaining seats spaced in a plane radial to the axis of revolution thereof and rotative on an axis lying between said seats, means to intermittently revolve said support, and means operative between intermittent movements of said support to turn the support on its rotative axis.

35. In afilling and closing machine, a revoluble receptacle support having integral twin sustaining seats spaced in a plane radial to the axis of revolution thereof and rotative on an axis lying between said seats, means to revolve said support, and other means, to turn said support on its rotative axis.

36. A fillin and closin machine comprising revoluble receptace filling means, receptacle closing means spaced radially outwardly therefrom, a series of raisable and lowerable receptacle supports having spaced seats, movable in inner and outer orbits, respectively, beneath the filling and closing means and each rotative on an axis lying between said seats and means to turn said supports about sai axes.

37. A filling and closin machine, comprising revoluble receptace fillin means, receptacle closing means s aced radially outwardly therefrom, a revo uble series of receptacle sustaining seats movable in inner and outer orbits, means to transfer said seats from the inner to the outer orbit, and vice versa, and means to raise said seats towards and lower them from said filling and closing means, arranged to raise a receptacle on one seat into olperative relation to the closing means whi e a receptacle on a companion seat is in operative relation to the filling means.

38. A filling and closin machine, comprising revoluble receptacl e filling means, receptacle closing means spaced radially outwardly therefrom, a revoluble series of receptacle seats movable in inner and outer orbits, means to transfer said seats from the inner to the outer orbit, and vice versa, adjacent companion seats being arranged in a common plane, and means to simultaneously raise an inner and an outer seat, with a receptacle on one seat in operative relation to the closing means and with a receptacle on the other seat in operative relation to the fillin means.

39. A filing and closin machine, comprising revoluble receptacIe filling means, receptacle closing means spaced Iradiallv outwardly therefrom. a series of receptacle sustaining seats raisable towards and lowerable from the filling and closing means, with means to raise and lower them, and means to revolve said seats to cause said seats to travel in a path a distance beneath the filling means and then in a path beneath the closing means, including transfer means to move said seats from the filling path to the closing path, and vice versa.

40. A filling and closing machine comprising a rotative receptac e having an annular series of filling nozzles, closing means radially spaced as to said nozzles, a series of receptacle supports revoluble about the axis of rotation of said receptacle, means to revolve said supports, each in line with the filling nozzles, means to radially transfer said supports beneath and to cause them to travel to and past said closin means, and means to raise and lower sai supports to present receptacles to and retract them from the filling and closin means.

In witness whereo I claim the foregoing as my invention, I hereunto append my signature this 1st day of February, 1921.

MORRIS GOLDBERGER.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hareby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,456,690, granted May 29, 1923, upon the ap lication of Morris Goldberger, of Chicago, Ilhnois, for an improvement in Fi ing and Capping Machines an error appears in the printed specification roquiring correction as follows: Ia o 10, line 77, claim 29, for tho word prevent read out; and that the said lmtters Patent should be read mt}: this oorrection therom that the same may conform to the record of tho case 1n the Patent Oflioo.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of J uly, A. D., 1923.

WM. A. KINNAN,

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