US1455710A - Machine - Google Patents

Description

May 15, 192&

C. W. CHIH s Sheet sSheet 1 Filed Jan. 31 1920 a moon rot (fie/ ay Wrz @070 W W M fll'lmuu;

May 15, 1923. 1,455,710 v C. W. CHlH CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 31 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 C/zeny Wen 6/2272 551 euro-m Patented May 15, 1923.

UNITED STATES CHENG EN 'JI-III-I, OF CANTON, CHINA.

CALCULATING BLEACHINE.

Application filed January 32, 1920.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHENG WEN Criirr, a citizen of China, residing at Canton, China, have invented new and useful Improvements in Calculating Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to calculating machines, and one object is to provide a device by the use of which the perations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division may be performed, as well as other more complicated operations, in a simplified manner, and without the use of elaborate mechanism.

A further object is to provide a device which may be manufactured at reasonable cost, and-is equally adapted tor the use 01 students and those engaged in solving complicated problems in connection with scientific work.

A further object is to provide a device by the use of which the operation of subtraction may be performed on the same princi ple as that or addition.

A still further object is to provide a calculating device employing a plurality of disks each of which carries two series of unmerals, the numerals being arranged in reverse order in the respective series and certain novel means for controlling each disk by the next lower disk toward the right.

A still turther object is to provide a calculating machine with a suitable casing therefor, of such proportions that it may be readily carried in the pocket of the individual desiring to make use of the device.

WVith the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement cl elements hereinafter described and c aimed.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a perspective view 0 ing for inclosing the device,

Figure 2 is a perspective view of one of the trays, or sections of the casing,

Figure 3 is a perspective view oi one of the end members of the casing,

Figure 4 is a top plan view of one of the sections or trays, with the elements ol. the calculating device mounted therein,

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of several of the rotatable elements, showing the means for imparting movement to a given disk from an adjacent disk,

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through if the eas- Serial No. 355,468.

ure 6,

Figure is a section on line S-8 of Figure a top plan view of several adeach having two series of numbers, reading in the direction shown,

higure it) IS a top plan view showing the a. ertured slides which cooperate with the size,

Figure 11 is an end view of the t disks,

K structure .L igure 1, the end plate of the casing bee; removed, Figure 12 is a perspective view or one of the slides, showing lingers on the lower side thereot, for the purpose indicated below,

Figure 1-33 is a detail view showing the movement of the element by means of which rotation imparted to the next higher disk.

The casi in which the apparatus is con- "c. tly installed, in order that it may be carried or placed in the pocket of the individual making use of it, includes a plurality o sections and i2 these sections be' identically formed. The end members ii are shown in Figure 3 and each includes flanged elements 1 1- which fit over the ends of the sections of the casing and are secured in any suitable manner, as by means oi? pivoted hooks 15. Each section or tray is provided with guides of the form shown in Figure 2, and there designated 16, these guides being in pairs having ofi set portions in the ends thereof, properly secured to the ends of the sections above red to.

lders for the operative elements of the devzce are designated 20, and are each provided on the bottom thereof with inwardly turned flanged. portions 21. engaging the ti'ilOlQSZl-lti i .es, permitting the holders to slide within the sections of the casing.

holder 1 mount a series of Wi th in each disks or wheels 24, these elements being rigid nth reterence to spindles 25, and the latter each being torn'ied with a crank element, or ofi set element 26, shown in Figure 8, each spindle being further provided with a handle portion and pointer 27, by means of which the disk is readily rotated by the linger of the user of the device.

Each disk or wheel carries on the under side thereof a plurality of pins 28, termed long pins. There are ten of these pins to each disk.

Considering the disk at the right hand as the unit disk, the latter will make a complete revolution in imparting to the next disk, or tens disk, one-tenth of a revolution, and this relative movement holds good for any two adjacent disks in a given holder, that is in the same longitudinal line. In order to impart this movement, I provide a pivotally mounted plate 30 having an elongated slot 31 at its central portion through which the pivot pin passes.

Plate 30 is provided with slots 32 and proportioned to engage certain of the pins of the adjacent disks, in the manner shown in Figures 5 and 6. The corner portions of the plates 30 which engage the slots are rounded as shown at 33, in order to permit of the return of the elements to normal position. The rounded surface 33 in engagement with one of the pins 28 (Figure 13), I

acts as a cam and imparts a longitudinal thrust to plate 30 as soon as the pin 40 advances in a counter-clockwise direction slightly from the position of Figure 13, slot 31 permitting this movement. The coiled springs having been tensioned when moving plate 30 from normal position, will now return that element to the position of Figure It is assumed that the spindles on each of the disks are mounted for frictional contact with their bearings, and that they will remain in the position in which they are set. The pivotal pin 34 of the plate 30 is encircled by coiled spring 35 permitting of the vertical movement of the plate. Springs 37 and 38 connected with opposite ends of the plate and with the base of the holder, tend to hold the plates in normal position, or in the position of Figure 5, and to restore them to that position after being thrown by the manual rotation of the disks or either one of them.

This plate 30 is not engaged by the long pins 28 of the actuating disk, but is engaged by a single short pin 40, with the result that this actuating element 30 is only operated once for each complete revolution of a given disk, the elements being so proportioned that the next disk to the left is rotated through one-tenth of a revolution, for purposes well known in calculating devices. The deflected portion 30' of the actuating plates 30 is beyond the path of movement of the short pin 40.

In order to reset the disks, and for the purposes indicated below, I provide the. slides and 46 shown in Figure 10 and shown in perspective in Figure 12. One of these slides carries fingers 47 having bevelled ends 47' for engaging the plates 30 and throw them out of engagement with the pins, permitting of the resetting operation.

The slides 45 and 46 carry operating elements 49 by whi h thev may be moved lon-' gitudinally, and slide 46 may be moved toward the slide 45 in effecting the operation just mentioned. Slide 46 is provided with slots 58 which engage the crank arms 26, offset in the manner shown in Figure 8, and the movement thereby imparted to the disks is sufiicient to restore the latter to normal position, that is, to zero, regardless of the position of individual disks. The crank portion 26 will be engaged by some edge wall of slot 58. and this element 26 is so positioned that when the pointer is opposite any of the numbers of the disk there will be no direct engagement between the end wall'of slot 58 and element 26, but always an em gagement at some angle, so that sidewise movement of the crank and rotary movement of the disk follows.

Each disk carries an outer series of nu- Inerals designated 55, the figures running from 1 to 9, in the direction shown, and-being followed by zero. An inner series ofnumerals 56 runs in the opposite direction, the numeral 4 of this series being opposite zero of the other series. Apertures 57 in slide 45 expose to view one numeral ata time of the outer series, which may be termed the series of positive numbers. The numerals of this series may be in red. The apertures 58 in plate 46 expose to view the numerals of the inner series, and these may be in black, and may be termed negative numbers.

Above the disks are indicating devices shown in Figure 4, and these may be in the form of plates or cards marked 60, and provided with opposite slots 61 and 62 registering respectively with the inner and outer series of figures. Plate is further provided with the representation of a geometrical figure 63 which may be likened to a tenpointed star.

The slides 45 and 46 are movable longitudinally in one operation by applying the finger to either of the engaging devices 49. Slide 4-5 has a laterally extending arm 45 at one end, and slide 46 has an arm 46', and in view of the relation of the elements shown, the slides move together, as stated, when they are shifted lengtluvise. In View of the relation between the slots in the slides, and the slots 62 and 61 in plate 60, only one numeral on each disk will be exposed to view at one time. oi the numerals ot' the outer series will be exposed to view. Vhen the slides are moved to the left. one figure of the inner series will be eXpOSGd.

\Vhen it is desired to perform the operation of addition, the disks in the upper row of Figure .4 are preferably used, these disks being first turned to zero, and then manually so that the first number of the" example shall appear through the openings 'mla... MP1

in Figure 10 one 1 62, each figure of the number appearing one of the disks in correct position with reference to the adjacent figures, and ad jacent disks. The element 27 serves not only as an operating device but as a pointer and cooperates with the figure representing the ten-pointed star.

The second number of the example preferably shown by the disks of the sec ond row, or middle row reading from left to right. Beginning with the left hand disk of the middle row (and having reference only to the disks which have been set as above), that disk is rotated in clockwise direction as many points as are indicated by the figure exposed to view in the disk directly above. If the number in the row is 22, the first disk in the second row, or middle row, will be rotated two points, and the same statement applies to the next disk toward the right in the middle row. If the number had been 23, the disk last amed would have been rotated three points. The disks of the middle row having been set as stated, the number read from those disks represents the total of the two original numbers.

in the foregoing it will be noticed that the numbers of the outer series of each disk have been used, these representing positive numbers, and not negative or minus quantities.

in subtraction, the fir number is profferably represented by the disks of the upper row, and the number to be subtracted is shown by the disks of the lower row. lhus far the numbers are read through the openings 62. It the number to be deducted is not greater than the principal nun'iber, then the operator proceeds with the operation above mentioned, under addition, t shitting slide l6 to the left so the li will appear through openings 58) adding the number of the inner series 56 appearing in the lower apertures oi the lower row to the original number, with the proviso that before adding there shall be an increase of one unit on the last disk to the right in the number to be added (outer series). This increase is obviously secured by continuing the rotary movement until the next higher numeral appears, and not beyond that point.

in the event that all of the disks are not used, 9 must be added to each disk to the alt oi" the vertical row of disks employed in carrying out the operation.

The result thus obtained is also apositive numbe shown in the upper apertures.

l i hat I claim is 1. In a device of the series of rotatable disks,

class described, a each disk bearing C ies of numerals reading in the opposite direction. and interengaging devices longitudinally movable and acting to permit one numeral either series to be exposed on each disk, to the exclusion of all other nu orals on the same disk.

2. In a device of the class described, a series or rotatable disks, each disk bearing an outer series of numerals and an inner series of nu erals reading in the opposite direction, crengaging devices haviopenings out of alinement transverse thereof, and a plate having openings in alinement transversely thereof, said open- ;s pe 'tting of the exposure of one nural of either series of each disk, to the exclusion of all other numerals on the same disk.

3. In a device of the class described, a series of numbered disks, devices having openings therein and movable longitudinally oi the series of disks, one of said devices including a laterally extending mem ber adapted upon movement in one direction to engage the other of said longitudinally movable devices.

t. in a device or" the class described, a. series of rotatable disks having their axes of rotation parallel, engaging devices carried by the disks, a pivoted element mounted for resilient movement in a plurality of directions, and tiltable at an angle with reference to its plane 01" movement, said pi oted element cooperating with the engagin; devices, and serving to impart movement from one disk to the adjacent disk. and slidable means for throwing the pivoted element out of the path or movement of the engaging devices.

5. In a device the class described, a series of rotatable disks having their axes of rotation parallel, eng g'ing devices carried by the disks, a pivoted element mounted between each two disks and having slotted portions tor contacting with the engaging devic of one disk when said element engaged by certn of the engagdevices or the adjacent disk, resilientmeans permit'ing movement of the pivoted element in the direction of its axis, and a spring connected with each end of the pivserving to normally reoted element and tain this element in a plane parallel with the disks, to permit angular movement with reference to the surface of the disks, and to restore the latter to normal position when deflected In testimony whereof l ture.

atlix my signa- CHENG WEN CHIH.

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