US1451968A - Insulator - Google Patents

Description

Apr. 17, 1923.

L. STEINBERGER LNSULATOR 1 Filed July 25 2 Sheets-Sheet l fnl/Enron u) am Hmm @s ORNEY Apr. 17, 1923.

L` STEINBERGER INSULATOR Filed July 25 1918 2 Sheats-Sheet 2 @fm-f Mr.'

za E 1ML/Enron A omver LOUIS STEINBERGER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

INSULATOR.

Application filed July 25,

To all. :whom it may concern:

Be it lmown that I, LOUIS Sra-memoria, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Insulators, oi'

which the following is a specification.

vlVly invention relates to strain insulators and it consists more particularly of an insulator construction vhaving a heat resist- 'ing or fire proof cover, which cover is also of insulating material and is provided with t smooth surface. Each of these qualities is present in porcelain, and consequently porcelain is a suitable material from which the cover may be made.

The insulator forming the subject matter of my invention is adapted for use in wireless installations and is frequently so installedon shipboard as to be situated near the funnely in such a position that the hot products of combustion as they are emitted 4from the funnel strike the insulator.

One of the objects of the invention therefore is to protect the insulating .body .proper from the hot products of combustion and at the same time render it easy to clean the surface-thereof` from the soot accumulated thereon. This may be readily accomplished by the manual washingthereof, or when rain in sufficient quantityand force beats upon it.

Another object is to provide a composite insulator the main portion of which is formed of material having high insulating quality and the outer portion forming a protecting cover which is-made of insulating material yhaving high heat resistance.

Another object of the invention is to vprovide a composite insulator composed of material having high insulating qualities covered with an insulating material havingr high heat resisting qualities, the two being 1connected together by an insulating cement to form an integral wholeor-the purpose of increasing the mechanical strength of the insulator. Another object is to- ,provide means for protecting the body of the insula tor from breakage or chipping when the insulators are either laid upon the ground or packed for shipment.- f.,

Another ob'ect is to provide the highest possible insulation value combined with the 191B. Serial No. 246,650.

greatest mechanical strength and to increase the heat resistance of the insulator.

Other objects will appear from the hereinafter description and claims.

Referring to the drawings in which the sume reference characters indicate the same parts in the several views:

F ig. l represents a longitudinal section of a form of insulator embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section with parts in elevation, showing another form of insulator embodying theinvcntion.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of another form of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the invention applied to a strain insulator differing in form from the strain insulators shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.-

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a form Fig. 6 is aplan view of an insulator, a

section of which is shown in Fig. 2.

ln Fig. l is illustrated a rod type insulator the body l() of which is formed preferably of the insulating material known in the art as electrose and molded thereto and extending longitudinally and centrally thereof at each end respectively is a rod 2O and a rod 2l to function as combined strain members and stress distributors. The embedded ends of these rods are rounded or globular iu form at 22 and 22' and the projecting ends 23 and 23 of these rods have screw threads 24 and 24 thereon for engagement with screw threaded sockets 25 and 25 of the eve bolts 2G and 2T. These eye bolts may also he .secured to the rods by rivets or bolts 28 and 2S', as clearly shown in the drawing. Extending from the bottom of the eye bolts are { langes 29 and 29 which are preferably hexagonal. in horizontal cross sectimnthc form of which is clearly indicated in Fis. 6. The perpendicular distances from the sides of these polygonal flanges to the axis of the device are greaterthan the. maximum radii through a horizontal section of the composite insulator so that when the 4insulator is laid upon thelloor or platform position upon the sides of the [langes The protecting flanges are beveled as at 9L)` as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the beveled surface running towards thil insulator so as to permit the accumulated soot and dirt to be readily washed away.

In constructing the insulator the various parts or elements forming the same are assembled in the following manner. The body lO of the rod type insulator made preferably of electrose, is molded around the strain members or rods 2O and21 so that they rcmain in a central longitudinal position, the screw threaded ends of each projecting therefrom at each end. A tube of porcelain 100 or other insulating heat resisting or fue proof vitreous material of substantially the vsame length as that of the main body of insulating material, is then slid over the body of electrose and so positioned that there will Vbe a space between the inner surface of the porcelain tube or cover and the outer surface ofthe electrose rod. The surface of the rod is provided with a series of circular grooves 30 and the inner surface of the porcelain tube is also provided with a series of circular grooves 31. The outer surface ofthe porcelain tube is also preferably provided with a series of circular grooves 32 which increase the surface area thereof.

After the. porcelain tube is slipped over the insulating body of electrose the space intervening between the porcelain cover and the insulator body is filled with a liquid insulating compound 92 which may be of cementitious material, which will flow into the space and completely fill the same between the two insulators. The compound isof such a character that it will set to a comparatively hard degree within a short time after being put in the recess and will ordinarily thoroughly cling to both the porcelain and to the electrose, but it is not necessary for this filling compound to become stone hard. As will be seen, the filling compound enters the grooves 30 and 31, thereby filling the entire space and preventing a relative longitudinal movement between the central body of the insulator and the porcelain cover.

Afterthe filling compound has been put in place the eye bolts as above described are screwed into the screw-threaded ends of the strain members, as clearly shown in the drawings and as will be readily understood from the description hereinabove made.

i The functions the combination hereinabove described are as'follows: The porcelain sleeve, cover or shield' which is applied over the rod `typels'trzlin insulator Y produces a'hie'h heat resisting and in factpa ire'proof surface-thereby protectingv from destruction the y non-fire-proof insulating materiall of wh'ich'the red type. insulatormay be made.

`:its haszbeenstated; iti ispreferable to mal-:e 'this insulating b'o'dy" 'of the insulating lmate rial known in the art as electrose,1 but hard rubber, wood or similar insulating material may be utilized. When the body is formed of wood or non-molding material, then the strain members are secured to the ends of the wood by inserting them in holes formed for that purpose and cementing them to the wood, as will be clearly understood.

The mechanical strength of the insulating body as a whole is increased when the porcelain tube is cemented to the central body of insulating material, for the reason that when the insulating cement is placed in the recess between the porcelain cover or tube and the insulating body and attaches itself to each,` the porcelain sleeve will increase the mechanical value of the electrose or other material of which the strain member may be made. In the case of celectrose thefporcelain cover when secured by the insulating cement, as hereinbefore described, may increase the mechanical value of the entireinsulator at least 100 per cent, becausethe cement clings so thoroughly tov bothftne4 inner body and to the outer tube that there is in effect, an integral body made of three materials. p

From this fact it also follows that the insulating value of this composite insulator is also increased. A

As has been referred to. the hexagonal shaped flanges which extend out beyond the surface of the porcelain cover not only pro tect the porcelain cover when the insulators are placed upon the fioor or Support'.` but the insulating body itself will rest in a fixed position when so placed.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the bodv of insulating material 10 which is preferablymade of the insulating material known in the art as electrose may be molded around a fibre rod 11. the said rod being then situated along the axis of the insulator as illustrated'. At each end of the fibre rod 11 screw threads 12 and 12 are providedr to which are secured the members 13 and 13', the projecting ends of which are screwthreaded -at 14`and 14', and the embedded ends of which are provided with screwthreaded sockets 15 and 15', the said screw-threaded sockets engagingwith the screwthreads at the respective ends-of the fibre rod 11. As an additional means for holding 'the socketmembersfto the fibre rod I provide rivets or bolts 16,16' extending through the rod and the socket of the eye bolt. d I

Tn the construction of Fig. 2,"the parts are assembled. :isfollows: The'body :ofthe insuliutingl material .which -'has .been first molded around-a fibrefrd towhich vthe securingr members 13 and 13'Mv have been dat tached. is slipped intoA aA tube of heat Aresisting or tirer-proof insulatinffmaterial 100.

preferably lporcelain. VtheJ leiigtlrof `tlieftube lll) lll

of porcelain being substantially the same length as the central `body of insulating material, `and the inner diameter of the tube of porcelain being greater Ythan the maximum diameter of the central body of insulating material. Two metal caps 30Aa and 31a provided with inwardly projecting fianges 322L and 33 with central openings 34 and 35 are then placed in position on the insulator over the respective ends thereof by insertingr the screwthreaded ends of 'the members 13 and 13 through the central openings in the caps. vThe projecting flanges 32zL and 33 of the caps are constructed to fit in circular grooves 36 and 37 formed on the respective ends of the heat resisting or fire-proof sleeve, as said sleeve as has been said, is substantially equal in length `to the length of the insulating body.

Washers 40 and 41 of leather or other yielding material are placed between the abutting' portions of-the metal caps and the porcelain co-ver so as to make as near a Waterproof joint as possible. Eye bolts 3R and 39am then screwed into place at the ends of the insulator, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2, and serve to rigidly hold the re-` spective parts together. As an additional holding means rivets or bolts 43 and 44 are passed through the shank of the eye bolt and the projecting screwthreaded ends of the holding members 13 and 13. Washers of leather or other yielding material 45 are soplac,ed between the bottom of the eye bolt and the outer surface of each cap as to also make the as ossible. f

i s shown in Fig.` 6, the metalY caps are hexagonal in shape so that the insulator may rest upon an even surface when placed upon the floor or other support and the supporting surfaces are such a distance from the axis of the insulator as to prevent the outer surface of the covering of porcelain from being destroyed or chipped when laid upon the floor.

In Fig. 3 is illustrated a structure similar in all respects to that shown in Fig. 2, with the exception that the fibre rod construction of Fig. 2 is replaced by rods or strain members 20 and 21 similar to those shown in Fig. 1. Hence it is not necessary todescribe further in detail the construction shown in Fig. 3.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 the mechanical strain to which the insulator is subjected is limited absolutely and solely to the electrose, Wood or rubber, as the case may be. of which the longitudinal body of the strain insulator is made. No mechanical strain Whatever is placed upon the porcelain sleeve. The holes in the caps are slightly larger in diameter than the diameters of the projecting ends of the strain members, and it is apparent that any joint as nearly Water tight `the insulating body of electrose or other insulating material Without straining the porcelain cover in any way.

Referring to F ig. 4 there is illustrated a strain or suspension type of insulator and it is made up of electrose` the body 1U of which has socket members 50 and 51 molded therein at each end, the sockets being screwthreaded at 52 and 53 and opening out-n.75 Wardly and in opposite directions from each other. These socket members are provided with roughened means at the surface to hold the same securely to the body of insulating material. A porcelain sleeve 54 having-30 hoods or discs 55, 56 and 57 integral there- With,1is then placed around the electrose body and the filling cement of insulating material 58 is disposed between the electrose and the porcelain. The cement will. attach itself to both the electrose and the porcelain in a very strong and durable manner, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the entire structure. Eyelet caps 59 and 60 having flanges 61 and 62,.;90 at the outer peripheral edges and screwthreaded projections 63 and 64 extending from the central portion thereof are then placed in position, Ythe screwthreaded pro jections engaging the screivthreads of the. socket membersO and 51, as shown, and the flanges neatly `fit the circumferential grooves inthe ends of the porcelain cover, as shown.

\ In Fig. `5r is shown a modification of the...100 invention,the electrose body, stress distributing members and holding elements be- .ing of any suitable construction, but preferably that which is shown and described with respect to Fig. 1.

The difference in construction shown in Fig. 5 and that shown in F ig. 1 lies in the fact that there is a glass tube substantially the shape and form of the porcelain tube which lies intermediate of the electrose body and the porcelain cover, the glass tube being separated from the porcelain cover by an insulating filling material 93, and it is also separated from the surface of the electrose body by a like insulating filling material 94. It is obvious that instead of the glass tube another tube of similar heat resisting and insulating material may be substituted therefor, or two por celain tubes may be utilized. The insulating materials of the composite strain insulator shown consist, as it were, of layers of porcelain or glass, a plurality of layers of insulating cement and a central body of electrose or similar material. This construction results in distributing the stresses both electrical and mechanical.

As changes of construction could be made within the scope of my invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in thencornponyiing drawing shall be int'erp'eted's illistrtlye and not in a limitingsen'se.

Having now `described VHmy invention, what I (daim as new and'ile'sire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A device of the kind desbribe'd which comprises .f1 core of insulating materiel heving grooves an'dridges frred'in its outer snrfaee. :1v tube of hetzrsistng material endorsing said eoreilardhving ",grlooies and l "hlhng of inslilting c'erheht betw'en "said rolr'e and the inner `Willl o'ffsadtdbe and eovering Caps rigidly lh'leldto the ensof seid core and supp'ortinglsaidtnbe.

d 3. ln a device offiliedrind fdescibe'd, a composite insnltor tion'sstig of ebody of insulating materialjtrhe surface thereof 'having undnlations therein, :L tn'be'of insulating heat resisting material surrounding seid body, the surfacelof the in'ervyalls "f the `tube als@ havingunduletions'ltherein, an insulating; cement Comprising a, 'lyerof insuleting material filling 'thespaoebetiveen the surface ofthe insulating body and'fthe eementoperating to 'secure the inner insulatinfg bdy `and 'the outer tube to each other,

the' bo'dy'and the tilbl'arvheat resistn cover being of the saine length, stress isti'ibntors embedded in said body of insulating 'Inaterialand having thre'ded endsprojeotingr beyond the ends of said body, and inetallie discs rigidly secured to the connecting ends of said stress distributorsyha-vin'g' suspension eyes Aintegrally formed thereon.

4. In a dev ieef the `kind described, a composite in'slator Athe VCore of which consists of a solid body Yof insulating material provided With :Lseries of eirclargrooves on the surfoce thereof, al heat resistinglcover of insulatingmateral'for the same of the seine length as said core, the `inner Wall thereof provided with e series of grooves, `und n "stratum bf 'insnlting 'nieter'ial snrmindingthe eore, filling the'grooves'snd semi1*ing"the hetresis'ting cover to'fthe insulating body 21nd flat non-cirenlar-"dises 'of niet'el proteetingtheends oflsaid "i'r'silhltbr elements,` seid rdises 'having 'stress `distb nt'ors 'secured thereto sind-f extending into seid ferire fend means formed onsaid zdises for securing the insi'ilhftor'toyhe:suspension Cable.

ln Witness whe`rebf,Iliyefhereuiito "set my hand i; the fborough'of Mamba-team @ity and State f New York, `this '22 day of July, y1918.

LOUIS STEINBEER.

In presence ofi HAROLD CRooHERoN, ZITMM. GfRAriAM.

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