US1445378A - Ammonia dynamite - Google Patents

Description

. a Patented Feb. 13, 1923.. Li te s. o

f QM Lao UNHTEQ STATE CLIFFORD A. WOODBURY, OF )IA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNQB T E DU fem-TI DE NEMOURS & COMPANY, OF "I; ILIVIINGTON. DELAWARE. CORPORATION OF DELA- warts.

AJVLMONIA DYNAMITE.

N0 fi Application filed April 13, 1922. Serial No. 552,G67.

To all who: it may concern: the'bulk strength is a criterion of execution 55 Be it known that I. (Lirioiio A. \Voooto be expected from a stick of the explosive. BURY, a citizen of the United States. and a By the term liquid explosive i mean to ini'esident of Media in the county ot Delaelude nitroglycerine or iiitrated glycol. or 5 WAX-621ml State of Pennsylvania. have i! 1- mixtures of these with iiitrated sugars, iiivented a CGI'iZfllILHQW and useful Ammonia ti'ated polnnerized glycerine. and nitrated 6%) Dvnamiteiof which the followin is a speciaromatic compounds. ficidtion' The dynaiiiites described above have been Mv invention relates to an improvement a great improvement over previously used 10 in dynaniites containing ammonium nitrate. straight nlti'oglyce pe dymumtes of Cone:

and in particular to ammonia dyn amites sponding strengths troni the standpoint oi 6-3 ranging in strength from" about 49% to economy and satety, the ammonium nitrate abm'lt being coi isiderahly cheaper than the nitro- These grades of ammonia dynamite have glycerin it replaces. and, in addition, by its in the past been manufactured on approxipresence. greatly reducing thcintlammabiiity t l th following formulas, and the re ot the powder and its sensi" 'eness to shock. 70 suiting dynamites have had in general the i or use in coal mines. i lllliiOnldb dynaproperties listed below. mites having strengths within tne rangeof 45% to 55% have also been inade in which Grade,about such materials as fliiilllfinllim-0hl0file or.

fl. sodium chloride have been used for the pur- 2s pose of reducing the temperature of explosion. This type of powder does not fall 27 within the scope of my invention, however. 4600 on account of the excessive amounts of am;-

54 nonium nitrate necessary in orderto counterbalance the effect on strength produced by the use of flame temperature regulators.

By my invention I have produced substantial improvements over the previously. usedgrades ot' dynamites in cost of menu tacture and safety, and. in addition, .in economy of use.

In my new dynamites I have gone farther Liquid explosive Ammonium nitrate. Sodium nitrate and c pulp, starch, meal, etc. Density, 1}" x 8" sticks p 2 5 Velocity-m/sec.

Weight strength Bulk strength In this tabulation and tllIOllghOilttlilS specification, the terms used have the fol- 3 lowing meanings:

The grade is based upon and is identical with the Weight strength.

By weight strength is meant the explosive d the ballistic mor- I 35 flag-gig}? h nitrogiycsrine than has heretotore been considered possible content of the straight nitroglvcerine dynain the Placement of f b' with ammonium nitrate for I have reduced the "1V no the same swim of the ballistic 3 3: 5. l h l h nitroglycerine content of these grades of The density is expressed in terms of the Powders to pp m t y which 1 40 number f 1:1 q. Sticks i d i 50 have found to he the minimum required to v 4 i L ly sensitize the ex'iiosives. lbs. net \vemht of the finished dynamite, this V l I I in I b i the 5 m f stating density in the The folloning table illusiiates the compoordina nomenclature of the explosives inof my f i and their dustry in this country. proximate p i 45 By bulk strength is meant. the strength r v .100.

. I r 7, per unit volume, or per stick, expressed in (red 'ebvut 0.

terms of the nitroglycerine content of the Ll uid 0x loive 9 ll 9l2 9-l2 straight niti'OglVC dynamite r' the Ariimoniuiii Samar um n the 54-59 on co 0 bit'b" i Li (Y Si me 0 "V6 a eiiSit Density about. 1X7 121 12.3 p

50 (l) 1*, C r0 y valocitytaboiit .3200 aioo l Moo 19,5 sticks, 1 X8 P F Weight strength, about... s an :15 The igh gth 15 deyed the Bulkstrnnqthuibont .i-Lo 36.0; 38

fore a criterion of the execution to be ex- I pected from a pound of the v., :losi-/u, and A specific example of a 50% dynamite made in accordance with my invention,

' follows a 1. The velocity of detonation is lower. This is an advantage Where shattering power is undesirable.

2., The content of liquid explosive is decreased and that of ammonium nitrate is increased. Since liquid explosive will normally have a cost from two to four times that of ammonium nitrate depending on market conditions, there results a. marked saving in manufacturing cost per pound of finished explosive. v

. 3. The increased number of sticks to the 50 lbs. of a lower cost dynamite constitutes a decided advantage to the user of the dynamite. Fifty pounds of my new explosive of 50% Weight strength furnishes approximatel 120 sticks of dynamite, each stick exhibiting astrength of approximately 36%. One stick of my new 50% dynamite should do as much work as one stick of ammonia dynamite as heretofore manufactured, but my new dynamite furnishes approximately 120 sticks as compared to 102 sticks of the 35% dynamite and, furthermore, the'cost per stick is? at least as low in the case of the former as it is for the latter under the conditions which have generally applied in this country.

In addition to these advantages, the further increase of ammonium nitrate content and decrease of liquid explosive content has further lowered'the infiammability and sensitiveness to shock of the finished explosive, thus contributing to safety in use.

Obviously, by means of minor changes in the character of the ammonium nitrate or other'ingredients, I may vary the density and velocity of my new explosive over a wide range without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. Blasting explosives ranging in strength from about to 55% and containing from about 9% to 12% nitroglycerine, most of the balance of the explosive strength being contributed by ammonium nitrate.

Blasting explosives ranging in strength from about 45% to about 55%, containing from about 9% to 12% of liquid explosive and from 45% to 65% of ammonium nitrate.

3. Blasting explosives ranging in strei'igth from about 45% to about 55%, and containing from about 9 to 12% of liquid explosive and from about 45 to 65% of ammonium nitrate, the remainder comprising sodium nitrate and non-explosive combustible material.

4. Blasting explosives ranging in strength from about 45% to about 55%, containing from about 9% to 12% of liquid explosive and from about 45% to 65% of ammonium nitrate, and having a density of 115 to 1%, 1} x 8", cartridges per lbs. of finished explosive.

A blasting explosive of 50% strength containing from about 9% to 12% of a liquid explosive comprising nitroglycerine and from about 54% to 58% of ammonium nitrate. i

(S. A blasting explosive of 50% strength containing from about 9% to 12% of a liquid explosive comprising nitroglyeerine and from about 54% lo 58% of ammonium nitrate, the remainder comprising sodium in trate and non-explosive combustible niatcrial.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

CLIFFORD A. VVOODBURY.