US1443202A - Stoker - Google Patents

Description

M. ALPERN. SToKER.

Jan. 23, 1923.

4M. ALPERN STOKER. F LED JULY 24, 1 920.

Jan. 21?, 1923.

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uw mN M. ALPERN Jan. 23,- 1923.

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7 SHEETS-SHEET 7 Patented Jan. 23, 1923.

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i MAXWELL ALPERN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A SSIGNOR TO AMERICAN ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, .A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA.

STOKER.

Application. filed July 24,

To all 'who/m, t may concern.'

Be it known that I, MAXWELL ALrunN, a citizen of ,the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented the Stoker, oil" which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to automatic stokers olf' the inclined underfeed type and morel particularly has to do with improvements in the parts constituting the air bon, the tuel feeding` means and the mounting for the rates.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel construction and arrangement of reciprocating pushers for feeding the fuel in an automatic stolzer whereby the rate at which the fuel isadvancedinto the furnace may be adjusted at any of a number or' different points between. a hopper or other source or' supply and the rear end oit the furnace.

The invention further contemplates a novel construction and arrangement of the parts'o'f the structure for confining the air prior to its delivery to the tuyres, whereby it is possible to prevent leakage or" air from said structure into the fuel hopper and a consequent blowing` of gas, smoke, etc., through the saine into the tiro roonx.

Another object of my invention is to provide a novel means for fastening)- in place the extension grates as well as other associated parts of a stolzer of the above type so that they may be conveniently and quickly removed or replaced.

These objects and other advantageous ends I attain as' hereinafter set forth, reiterence bei: had to the :recomprauying draw- 40 ings, in which, l

L. 1 is a plan partly .i tic stolrer of the in bodying my inv: one 4 beine,` 'removed and part oi one of 5 the retorts and a ioi'tion ot its iuel feeding mechanism being); shown in lnnizontal soction talren on the line l---l, 2 extending through one of the hydraulic cylinders;

`Fig. 2 is a vertical section ou the line 2-2, Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the hoppers and cylinders, together with their associated parts;

Figa is a transverse vertical sect-ion on 'the detail construction and arrangement oit` 1920. Serial No. 398,726.

a side frame structure, two of whose niem.

bers are indicated at 4.- (Fig. 3). The beams 1 and 2 are connected by a suitable number of beams' 5 extending;` between them from front to rear and serving to support the concrete or other bottom structure 6 of the wind box 7.

rlhe 'furnace to which the stoker is ap- `plied includes a settingy or casing whose front is indicated at S and one oi whose sides is indicated at 9, a bridge wall 10 defining the rear of said furnace. Between the front beam 1 and the front 8 of the i`urnace casing are mounted parallel laterally extending trame members in the shape of rolled sections 11 and l2 and between the lower of these and said 'trame member 1 are a series of plates 13 definingthe lower part of the liront olI the Stoker structure and more especially of the wind box.

Supported by the two members 11 and 12 are a series of forwardly projecting cylin- 1rical casing structures 14; each of which has opening into the top of its inner end, immediately adjacent the iront tace of the casing` 8, a fuel hopper 15. A longitudinally movable hydraulic cylinder 16 is operative within each of the casings le and has a ixed cooperating piston 1T connected by a rod 18 to the Jonward or outer end of the casing structure 11i. cylinder 16 is also lde-- signed to serve a ram or pusher for transterrinp,` the 'fuel `from thc hopper to itsI associated retort, and is movable in the casing; structure 14 from a position in which ,its forward end is in front of the opening from the bottom olf' the hopper l5, to a position to the rear of said hopper.

Within the furnace chamber and extendingfrom front to rear is mounted a series of parallel beams 19 whose rear ends (Fig.

loo

2) rast upon and and are supported by the trame members 2 and whoseforward ends are. bolted to and carried by the inclined l edges oi." .plate brackets 20, proj ectinpg` inwardly 'from `the members ll and 12. The brackets ot each pair support and :iro con` nected by an upwardly and rearwardly inclined top plate 20"' forming with them mouth-pieces whose forward ends open into the'casii gs 14. respectively. The beams 19 are so arranged (Figs. 4; and to define relatively narrow vertical chambers 21 constituting rctorts haring between them larger chambers whose lower portions 'form exten sions of the wind box 7 while their top portions are respectively covered by downwardly and'v .rearwardly inclined series ot tuyres 22.

Plates 201 extend transversely between the rear edges of the members Q0 at the toiavard ends of the wind box extensions on both sides ol each retort so that there is no possibility of air under pressure leakingl directly trom the windbox into the casingi's lll or lower parts olt the :fuel hoppers.

Each set of tuyeres is supported ,in a stepped series by castings 23 bolted to and rigidly connecting` each pair ol' adjacent beams 19 which ifor this purpose are pro vided with suitable projections or flanges, and said tuyeres have the usual imssagesor channels through which air under pressure is permittedto flow from the wind box into the furnace. n

At the bottom ol each set oli tuyeres and at the rear or inner end of each olf' the retorts is a line of plates 24 extending: transversely oi the furnace and havingr theirl top portions; lush with bottom plates 25 and Q6 constituting the rear end or" the bottom of each retort. These plates are rigidly secured to and carried by lugs 27 projecting -from the beams 19 (Fig. fl) and the rear edge or end of each of the plates 25 has the form oi a recess or socket having an overhung top edge 28 and a transverse rib29.

The various plates 24 are so formed that their :forward edges are desi ned to fit under the overhang edges 28. of theplates. they are provided with openings tor ception of keys 30 which', after dl i .1.. h" ve been put in place as indicated iu F fr be inserted through said openings in 'Front of the ribs 29 so to retain each ot .the plates 24 in place.

The main portion ol the bottom of each ofthe retorts is provided by one or more longitudinally iuovable, secondary pushers. of which in the present case there are three indicated at 3Q. S3, and 34e. mounted one above the` other in each retort. The first ol these secondary pushers 32, as sho-wn in Figs.' 2 and 7,4 has a flat bottom forming; a continuation of and at the same level as the straight transverse `lip 35 projecting from the lower portion ofthe rear flat. face of the hydraulic plunger or ram 16 and it is movable longitudinally within the mouth piece associated with said ram, being' supported and slidable on ai pair of guides. provided by inwardly projecting ribs 3G integral with the adjacent beams 19.

Each ot these uppermost secondary pushers has sides or upwardly projecting wings 37 extending' above the level of its *flat bottom and beyond its rear end, which is formed with a downwardly inclined portion terminating' in a vertical face, being operativelyconnected to its associated ram oi."

primary pusher 16 by means of a rod 3S. This is operative in a suitable `@groove in said ram. and has on its forward end an 'adjustable stop 39 to provide a lost-motionconnec tion between said two pushers, so that the primary pusher will move forwardly in its C'LlSl-' for `a. certain part ol. its outward stroke before striking'r the stop and throughI the rod 38, lforwardly moving the secondary pusher 32.' On its inward stroke the primary7 pusher will similarly at first move by itselt'` p ioii'wardly from tbd forward end olE said pusher 38. This bolt, like the rod 3S, has an adjustable stop at its forward end so that there is lost motion between said two pushers '39, and 33, The second secondary inisher 32? slidably supjraorted on pair of elfi-l projecting; inwardly trom the adjacent sides of the beams 19, and a third set of' ri .is 44 likewise serve to slidably support the third and lowest of the secondary pushers 34, whose rear end rests `upon or .moves immediately adjacent the top surface of the bottom plate 2G `and is moved by a 'forked lug 4.5 and a bolt A4:6 projecting ltorwardly from its front end. This bolt likewise has :in adjustable stop may be l rear Viices downwardly and rearwardly iin-` clined as have also 'the forward portions of the edges of the wings or sides of said topmost secondary pusher.

olI vsaid secondary ts upon or lies immediately adja-k i "i7 whereby the lost moti-.on between. it aud the pusher 35? llfii 1,443 eos Immediately to the rear of and below the line of plates 24 is a transversely extending series of stepped extension grates 50,' which like the pushers and the series of tuyeres, present a downwardly and rear* wardly inclined face to the mass of overlying fuel. These grates are mounted upon box-like structures 55, slidably mounted on guides 53 extending at suitable intervals between the frame members 2 and 3 and each of these box members is connected through a relatively heavy rod 56 with an arm 57 bolted or otherwise rigidly connected to the lowest of the secondary pushers 34e, whereby said grates are reciprocated.

Each of the rods 56 has fixed to it a pair of stops 58 between which it is engaged by the arm 5T and the position of this latter relatively to the rod is determined by a series of washers or collars 5Sa inserted between it and either of the stops 58'. The extension grates have their forward edges downwardly flanged. to loosely enterl a transversely extending groove in the forward upper part of the box structure wherein they are held by the overhang-ing portions of the plates 24. The lower and rear edge of the grates is removably locked to a rearwardly extended portion of the rear side of the box structure 55 so that it is normally held thereto until its forward edge is raised out of its groove and the whole grate swungrearwardly around this part of the box structure as a pivot, when it is free to be lifted away from the same. For this purpose the lower end of each box structure is' formed with a rearwardly projecting` flange or rib 5la and the rear edge of each grate is provided with a hook portion 50l positioned to ,cooperate with said rib to normally hold said grate to the box structure.

Adjacent the rear ends of the guide members 53 are transversely extending structures 54e immediately above the frame members 3 grooved transversely of the furnace and un dercut for the reception of the rearwardly turned edge of the downwardlyv extending flange at the front of each of a number of plates VWhen the flanges of these plates are placed in the groove of the guide mein bers 53 and moved rearwardly as far possible, there is left an elongated recess in which may be placed a key/f' 59 whereby :.,id plates are held in position.

T he frame members 3 have fixed to their webs a series of :rearwardly extending brackets to which are pivoted dumping grates 6l whose rear edges extend immediately adjacent the bridge wall 'l0 where they are normally supported upon arms or dogs 62 The latter are hinged or pivotall y mounted on a shaft 63 supported in bearings carried by a channel shaped casing or structure 6e, preferably imbedded in the bridge wall beyond. the vertical face thereof;

A handle 65 attached to this shaft makes it possible to retract the arms 62 into the member 64C, thereby leaving the rear edges of the dumping grates unsupported and permitting them to drop. lf or raising the dumping` plates and breaking or agitating the ash or clinkers thereon, l suspend from the frame members 5 a motor in the form of a cylinder 66 whose piston 67 through a rod 68 and a link 69 is connected to an arm 70 fixed to a transversely extendingvshaft 7l. The latter is carried in bearings supported by the frame members 2 and 3 and has fixed to it any suitable number of operating arms 72, which through links 73, are pivotally connected to said dumping` grates.

wWith the above described arrangement of parts, fuel is supplied to the hoppers l5 and fluid under pressure is delivered. through suitable passages in the fixed piston rod 1.8 to the interior of the cylinder pusher 16. The supply and exhaust of this fluid is controlled by suitable valve mechanism (not shown) so that this ram or primary pusher is reciprocated in the casing le. 0n the forward movement of the ram, fuel falls from the hopper finto the forward end of the casing and the primary pusher moves rearwardly, it forces said fuel into the mouth piece 20 and onto the topmost secondary pusher 32 which is shortly engaged by the lip 35 and is moved with said primary pusher into the retort 2l.

After the secondary pusher 32 has moved rearwardly to a predetermined extent, its lug` l0 comes into engagement with the second of the secondary pushers and moves this also toward the rear and it in turn, through the lug 45, engages and moves toward the rear, the lowest secondary pusher 34; with a section of the extension grate 50. After reaching the rear end of its inner stroke, fluid is exhausted from the rear end of the cavity of the primary pusher 16 and is admitted to the forward end thereof, so that said pusher moves outwardly. After completing a portion of its stroke, it engages the stop 39 of the rod 3S and moves outwardly the secondary puslwr 32, which sively imparts outward movem lower pushers 33 e Y' associated section of I rlfhis reciprocation or the pi Yers tension grate gradually feeds fuel from the hoppers into the retorts. and insures the de' livery of the ashes left after the comluis-iou of said fuel into the pocket formed by the extension grates 50, the dumping plates 6l and thel bridge wall l0, at the same time causing said grates to exert a crushing ac tion on any clinkers of solid bodies of ash forming between them and said wall. Obviously the amount of movement imparted to the secondary pushers and extension grates may be adjusted at will by suitable manipulation of thc stops 39, 412 and 47 and also by suitable shifting of the collars or spacers 59 on the rod It is thus possible to increase or diminish`the rate at which fuel is fed into and through the retorts and also to make provision for the proper feed and treatment of the ash accumulated in the lower and rear part of the furnace.

By having the wind box extensions defined by the beams 19 and the plates 2Ob in positions removed from the front of the stoker structure, any leakage of air between these parts will take place into the retort and furnace instead of into the casings 14 and the hoppers 15, as would be the case if the air under pressure had access to points at or immediately adjacent the front of the stoker structure.

When it is desired to remove or replace the extension grates 50, the key holding each of the plates 24 is :firsty removed, thereby making it possible to move this rearwardly until the lip on its forward edge clears the rear edge of the bottom plate 25. The removal of one or more of the plates 211 thereupon uncovers the forward edge of a section of an extension grate 50 which may then be removed by swinging it upwardly until its rear edge clears and may be removed from engagement with the rearwardly projecting lip of the part 51 of the box structure When it is desired to remove one of the plates 52 for the purpose of taking out a dump plate, the key 59 is removed and said plate 52 is forced forwardly until its hooked edge clears the overhung edge of the casting 54. Thereupon it may be lifted out of position.

It will be noted that the air in the wind box, in addition to passing into the mass of overlying fuel through the tuyere openings,

may also flow from said box under the ends of the retorts into and through the space defined by the plates 24; and extension grates 50, from whence it passes into the fuel through the openings between said plates and between and around the extension grates. The flow of this latter portion of the air is regulated. as desired by suitable rotary valves or dampers 7 5 mounted under the rear ends of the retorts between the rear ends of the beams 19. As shown in Fig. 5, the movable elements of these valves are connected by a series of'rods 76 so that they f may be simultaneously adjusted -to vary the .flow of air as required by the greater or less amount of fuel. which reachesthe extension j grates and the parts of the stoker adjacent thereto. Said movable elements are obviously cut away so that their movement is not interfered with by the rods 56.

The frames constituting the guides 53 carry on the lower or under edges, bearings for a shaft 8.0 extending transversely of the stoker and terminating at one side thereof where it has fixed to it an operating arm S2. This shaft has also fixed to it a plate or series of plates 81 which in one position lie against the under side of the guide frames 53, extending between the frame members 2 and 3 so as to form a continuation of the wind box to supply the extension grates with air. Under conditions of use fine coal and ash work through said grates and collectin this extension wind box, and with the above arrangement of parts it is possible to periodicallyk rock the shaft 8() in its bearings by means of the handle 82 so as to swing the plate or plates 81 with a resulting discharge of the material which may have accumulated. Said plates move between the frames 53 and are normally held in their closed positions shown.

I claim 1. The combination in an inclined underfeed stoker of tuyres; retorts; a primary pusher for feeding material to each retort; and a plurality of secondary pushers mounted to constitute the bottom of each retort, one of said latter pushers being positioned to be directly engaged and moved by the primary pusher when this moves in one direction.

2. The combination in an inclined underfeed stoker of tuyres; retorts; a primary pusher for feeding material to each retort; a plurality of secondary pushers forming the bottom of each retort, one of said latter pushers being positioned to be directly engaged and moved by the primary pusher when this moves in one direction; with a lost motion connection between said two latter pushers.

3. The combination in an inclined under feed stoker of retorts; means for feeding fuel. to and through each retort consisting of a primary pusher, a secondary pusher in the bottom of the retort positioned to be directly engaged and moved inwardly by the primaryv pusher; with a rod attached to one of said pushers and having an adjustable lost motion connection with the other pusher.

4. The combination in an inclined underfeedv stokerof tuyres; retorts; with means for feeding fuel to and through each retort consisting of a primary pusher; and a pluw rality of superposed secondary pushers arranged in stepped relation and constituting the bottom of the retort,` the upper secondary pusher being positioned to be engaged and moved by the primary pusher and being reciprocable immediately above the next lower secondary pusher.

The combination in an inclined underfeed stoker of tuyeres; retorts; a fuel supply casing for each retort; a fixed piston in said casing; a fuel feeding ram havin a cylindrical cavity cooperating with sai piston' to constitute a Huid motor; a series of opera, tively connected pushers in stepped relation forming the bottom of each retort; with means for transmitting power from the ram to the pushers including a rod' having an abutment and operatively connecting one of said pushers and the ram when the latter moves in one direction.

6. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of tuyeres; a'plurality of retorts; a fuelsupply casing for each retort; a fixed piston in said casing; a fuel feeding ram having a cylindrical cavity cooperating with Said piston to constitute a iiuid motor; a series of operatively connected pushers in stepped relation forming the bottom of each retort; and a rod having an abutment and operatively connecting said ram and one of said pushers when the ram moves in one direction, said ram being positioned to engage and move said pusher when moved in the opposite direction. i

7.' The combination in an inclined underfeed stoker of retorts; tuyres; and means for feeding fuel to and through each retort including a primary pusher, a series of Secondary pushers arranged in stepped relation and constituting the bottom of each retort, with adjustable lost motion connections between said secondary pushers, the topmost secondary pusher being positioned to be directly engaged and moved by the primary pusher.

8. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of retorts; tuyres; and means for feeding fuel to and through each retort including a primary pusher, a series of Secondary pushers arranged in stepped relation and constituting the bottom of each retort, the topmost secondary pusher being positioned to be directly engaged and moved by the primary pusher; with adjustable lost motion connections between said secondary pushers, and a rod having a stop and arranged to constitute a lost motion connection between the topmost secondary pusher and the primary pusher.

9. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through each retort including a primary pusher, a series `of secondary pushers actuated from the primary pusher and arranged in stepped relation; said Secondary pushers being positioned to form the bottom of the retort and having between them lost-motion connections.

l0. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through each retort including a primary pusher, a Series of secondary pushers actuated from the primary pusher and arranged in stepped relation; said secondary puShers being positioned to form the bottom of the retort, and a Series of eXten- Sion grates reciprocated from the lowest Secondary pushers.

ll. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through each of the retorts including a primary pusher a series of secondary pushers actuated from the primary pusher and forming the bottom of the retort, and a series of extension grates reciprocated from and afljustably connected to the lowest of the secondary pnshers.

l2. rihe combination in an inclined underfeed stoltcr of ret-erts; means for deliverine' fuel to and through each retort consisting of a primary pusher, a Series of secondary pushers arranged to constitute the bottom of each retort and actuated from the primary pusher thereof, certain said secondary pushers having projecting lugs, with members on other pushers respectively engaging said lugs and having adjustable abutments normally arranged to constitute lost motion connections between the pushers.

18. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of a series of retorts; a series of tuyeres; means for feeding fuel to and through Said retorts; an extension grate adg jacent the inner ends of the retorts; a series of plates extending transversely of the Stoker and projecting over the outer edge of the extension grate; a structure removably engaged by the inner portion of said grate and cooperating with said plates to normally hold it in position; with means for holding the plates in place.

14. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of series of tuyres; retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through the retorts; a series of plates extending transversely of the stoker adjacent the lower ends of the retorts; means removably holding said plates in position; a reciprocable structure below said plates; with an extension grate having its inner edge removably hooked to Said reciprocable structure and having its outer edge extending under Said plates.

l5. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of a series of tuyeres; retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through the retorts; an extension grate mounted below the retorts; a bridge wall; a series of dumping plates between the grate and the bridge wall; guard plates extending over the forward edges of the dumping plates and under the extension grate; with means for remov' ably locking said guard plates in position.

16. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker of a series oi' tuyres; retorts; means for feeding fuel to and through the retorts; an extension grate mounted below the retorts; a bridge wall; a Series of dumping plates between the grates and the bridge wall; guard plates extending over the forward edges of the dumping plates and under the extension grate and including hooked portions; with means for removably locking said guard plates in position, the same consisting of undercut fixed structures formed to receive the hooked portions of said guard plates, with a key normally holding said hooked portions in their engaged position.

17. The combination in an inclined underfeed stokerof an enclosing setting; a. wind box; substantially parallel members, defining alternated retorts and wind box extensions; tuyeres mounted to receive air from said extensions; means for delivering` fuel tothe retorts; and transverse plates cutting off the forward ends of the wind box extensions from the front of the` sett-ing.

y 18. T he combination in an inclined underfeed stoker of an enclosing setting' including a front plate; a wind box; pairs of plate,

brackets extending inwardly from the front plate; vertically set beams extending rearwardly from the brackets; platesy extending transversely between pairs of said beams to the rear of the front plate and coacting with the beams to define windbox extensions whose forward ends are spaced away from the front of the Stoker; tuyres positioned to receive air from the windbox extensions; and means for feeding fuel to and through the retorts.

19. The combinationin an inclined underfeed stoker of a front structure; a wind box; a structure defining alternated retorts and windbox extensions, of which the latter' consisting of series of superposed secondary p pushers respectively forming the bottoms of said. retorts and primary pushers forrespectively actuating the series of secondary pusliers.

A 21. The combination in an inclined underfeed Stoker ofretorts; and means for feed'- ing fuel to andl through each` retort includ.-

ing; a primary pusher and a series of mov-r able secondary pushersforming the bottom of each retort and adjustable relatively to each other. i v

MAXWELL ALI-)lilllr

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