US1321378A - Impeller - Google Patents

Description

M. M. KUHN.

IMPELLER.

APPLICATION mso MAR. 29. 191e.

Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

fir/Ven or M iozfifoh l1 Witnesses M. M. KoHN.y

- 4 IMPELLER. 's APPLICATION FILED MAR.29 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2;

"W1 tnesses fnyefzior:

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- Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

. invention it is aimed to provide a fan which A iU'NITni-)y sTATEsA rATENT ormoni MILTON M. KOEN,

or MANHATTAN BOROUGH, NEW vom; Assieivon To THE VENTI- LATOR FAN oo.,1NO.,ior NEW YORK, N. r.. A CORPORATION or NEW Yoan.

IMPELLER.

Application mea .March 2a, 1918. 'serial No. 225.2135..

To all whom t 'may concern Be it known that I, MILTON M. KOHN, a citizen of the United States, residing in borough of Manhattan, in the county of New ,York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Impellers, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to fans of the circulating and Ventilating type, and more particularly to portable fans and has to do withl certain improvementsin the controlof theA radial discharge of air therefrom, and the radial directing-control of the discharge of air therefrom.

Among the main objects of the present is especially adapted to be mounted on a suitable support to the like whereby the air will be thrust upwardly and radially outward above thev heads of those seated around the table, thereby obviating the annoyance, common to most fans, of a direct blast of air blowing upon the users and at the same time providing proper circulatory movements of the air in an efficient and substantially noiseless manner.

Another object of thel present invention is to provide such a table fan which when' operated will be unaccompanied byl any noise that wouldbe annoying to immediate vicinity ofthe fan..

A particular feature of the present invention is the provision of a fan, which is mounted on a support to be placed o n a table or other platform and is disposed to operate at a distance from the supporting table sothat it can coperate to drawl the air from the lower surrounding area and thrust it radially outward, in which no air'directing means are required to coperate with the fan to properly direct the air other than the fan blades and the disk from which the fan blades are suspended. 'In other words, the present invention contemplates the provilsion of a fan or impeller which directs the air in the desired direction .without the interposition of auxiliary defiector member, ro-y tatable or ixed. I have found by actual trial that a stream of air from this type of fan or impeller, tends to leave the outer edge of the blade at substantially a tangent or at right angles thereto. This statement of course, refers only to the main volume of stream ,but also directs dlrection, and the desired tangent or angle i impeller4 members in 4air discharged, in

'having' fan be placed on a table or wardly 4the disk, vin the direction lof -travel, ofthe clined relative to those in the the air as it is obvious that the outer-por! tions thereof will be slightly modied owing to the pressure within the center of theloutging stream of air.

as noted in the foregoing, I am enabled to provide a fan which notonly creates an air it in the desired of 4direction Vof the main stream flow may be varied at will by varyin'gthe flare of the to the axisA of rotation.

By such construction their relative angles.

To this end, a fan is provided, having a y closure at one end to facilitate directing the the present instance being a deiecting disk which is rotatably mounted, blades extending downwardly from the disk in -a circumferential'path and in planes inclinedy downwardly and for relative to planes radiating from fan, the edges of which blades are-also inan outward direction from the disk, and the toes of lwhichV f an blades are scoop-formedv with their extremities facing inthe direction of travel f'the disk.

the axis of the disk in- By this formation offan, the rotation of the fan will centrifugally direct the air outwardly, thereby creating a suction about the'v center of rotation vof the fan blades, which suctionwill draw the air inward to replace the displaced air. The scoop-formed toes o'f the blades coperatein the rotation of the fanto Jpermit the air'struck thereby to be directed upwardly along lthe inclined blades' and then be thrustradially outward and upward from' such blades by the outwardly inclined edges of the blades.

These and other features, capabilities, andl of the invention will appear advantages detail description of from the subjoined' certain embodiments the accompanying' drawings, in which v Figure 1v is an elevation of a device equipped'with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged of the fan itself;

Fig. 3 isI an enlarged bottom plan view ofthe fan itself; I Fi s. 4^ and 5 are vdiagrammatic views showing the action of the fan on the air; and Fig. 6 is an elevation of a modification.1 In the embodimentillustrated in Fig. 1 there is shown a 'device thereof illustrated` in fragmental elevation having a base 6.

from which the enlargement 7 continues in an upward direction. The enlargement 7 is preferably provided to form a housing for a motor to which is operatively connected the shaft 8 on which is operatively mounted a fan, having a closure at one end to facilitate directing the air being discharged, which in the present instance, comprises a blade support xedly mounted on the shaft S assuming the form of the conical deflector 9 having its deiiecting surface 10 flaring outwardly and upwardly from said shaft 8 in a radial direction, the outer upper peripheral edge 11 of which deflector is preferably concentric to the shaft 8. From the flaring surface 10 extend the fan blades 12 downwardly and as shown in Fig. 1, preferably so inclined outwardly that their lower extremities project beyond the outer periphery of the housing 7. The blades 12 as shown in Fig. 1 are spaced relative to one another so as to produce a continued even flow of air as distinguished from a pulsating current of air. As a safeguard to users, the fan in the present instance is shown as provided with a guard 13, set forth more in detail in my copending application Serial No. 223,887, filed March 19th, 1918, and composed essentially of the outwardly inclined supporting rodslet, the lower ends of which are secured to arms 15 formed on andvextending upwardly from the casing 7, these arms being disposed at an angle of substan tially 90 degrees to one another while the upper ends of the rods 14 are connected to a cap 1G on which a lamp may be mounted inside of the shade 17, also mounted on said cap 1G. and encircling said rods 14 and connected thereto at successive levels, preferably equally spaced from one another, are provided the rings 18. In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1, which is similar to the construction set forth in my copending patent application as above set forth, there are provided a series of openings 19 in the lower portion of the housing 7 so that in the operation of the fan, the air will be sucked in through said openings 19 to pass around the motor disposed in the housing 7 and thus cool the same, which air will also serve'to replace a part of the air being thrust outwardly from about the axis of the fan interiorly of the blades 12.

0f the fan itself which forms the main part of the present invention, the blades 12 are, as more clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, preferably composed of plane sheet metal plates with their edges 20 substantially parallel to one another, which blades have their upper ends preferably embedded in the deiiector 9 and extending from the surface 10, with one of their edges 20 substantially adjacent to the peripheral edge 1l of the dcflector 9, downwardly so that the planes of the blades 12 are inclined relative to the imaginary planes radiating from the shaft 8. The inclination of the blades 12 relative to the radial, planes projected from the shaft S is downwardly from the defiector 9 and forwardly in the direction of rotation of the defiector 9. 4Furthermore the edges 20 of the blades 12 are inclined from the de- .flector 9 downwardly and outwardly rela* the smallest cross-sectional area possible so as not materially to obstruct or resist the incoming air.

T he action of the fan is substantially as follows: When the shaft S is rotated in the direction of the arrow 21 of Fig. 3. thc air Y disposed about the shaft 8 will be thrust outward by the centrifugal whirling action created by the blades 12, and due to the resultingsuction formed in the center of such whirling column of air, other air will he drawn in to replace the air thus thrust outwardly. Due to the closed end of the whirling column of air formed by the deiiector 9, and following the path of least resistance, as indicated by the arrows a in Fig. 4, the air will be drawn in from below the lower edges of the blades 12, creating an inward current of air as indicated by the arrows *Withthe embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, the air indicated by the arrows a, will of course, consist essentially of that which is being drawn up through the housing 7, while the air indicated by the arrows Z), will consist mainly of that drawn from the exterior of the housing 7. As the air a, reaches the flaring 'surface 10, it will be gradually defiected outward to assist the centrifugal whirling action created by the. rotation of the fan blades 12. Some of this inwardly moving current of air will pass into the path of movement of the toes 21 and be engaged by the same and directed up the inclined surfaces 25 until it reaches the zone indicated by the line o where the .airso drawn in will then be directed outwardly with the main'body of discharging air d. The scoop-form of the toes 21 will cooperate to facilitate the engagement and upward direction of the inward current of air The edges 29 of the circumferentially angled, axially inclined blades 12 will cooperate with the discharging air from the Zone (l, Fig. 4, to direct the said air in an upwardly inclined direction and in an annular angularly inclined stream. This angular upward discharge of the air is due tor the tendency of the air in the main portion stance, the point tirely within ofits stream to move away Afrom the outer leaving edge QO'of the blades l2 at a tangent, the outer' zones of the outflowing streamtending to flare somewhat away from said tangent owing to the pressure in the middle of the stream. In fans of this type heretofore, it has been found in practice that that portion of the blades nearest the intake end of the fan show the least efficiency and in orderr to obviate rotating or eddy currents and to increase the piclcup of the air at these fan ends, I have curved the said ends forwardly in the direction of rotation of said fan as at 21. I have found that this intake capacity ofthe fan somewhat increases the discharge zone c, Fig. 5, so that the natural increase of discharge follows the natural increase of efliciency of said intake portion 21. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 6, I have shown my device attached to anordinary standard fan motorin which the motor 7 is attached to the customary base 6', the shaft 8 `thereof being extended in'order to receive thereon the rotatedimpeller member generally denoted by 25. In the present inbe provided with a series of Ventilating openings 19, so that part of the suction `flowing into the impeller will be drawn that these may be usedv or not, in accordance with location and use.

From a careful consideration of the foregoing, it is obvious that my impeller creates a discoidal discharge somewhat flaring, the flare or angularity of. dischargebeing enthe control of the angle of rotation of the modifications may be madeto the detailsv of construction without departing from the l general spirit of the invention.

I claim.: l. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a flaring' deflector; and a plurality of revoluble blades arranged around said ,deflector and each extending from near a vZone of the larger part of the deector in a direction away from a transverse plane passing through said larger part, an effective por of connection between the motor housing and the base member 6 may blades about the axis of rota tion and that the discharge therefrom is of Vof the flowing or discharg-A relative to its direction from said plane,

tion of each blade beingforwardly inclined i thereby serving to squeeze the discharging air against said zone.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of, a Haring deflector; and a plurality of revoluble blades arranged around said deflector and each ex tending from near a zone of the larger part direction away from a of the deflector in. a

passing through said larger transverse plane part; each blade being forwardly inclined relative to its direction from said plane, and

the space surroundingsaid Zone being substantially free of structure tending materl-l ally to limit the circumferential discharge 3. In an apparatus of the 4character dethereto and each extending from near azone ofthe larger' part of the deflector in a direction away from a transverse plane passing through said larger part; the lspace surrounding said zone being substantially free of structure tending materiallyto limit the circumferential discharge of air; an .eec-

tive portion of each blade being forwardly inclined relative'to its direction from said plane. l 4. Inan apparatus of 'the character described, the combination of, a flaring deflector; and a plurality of revoluble blades arranged around said deflector and each eX-" tending from near a zone of the larger part of the deilector in a direction away from a transverse lane passing through saidlarger part; an e ective portion of each blade being forwardly inclined relative to its direction'from said zone, said inclination increasing at theportion of the blade more' remote from said zone.

ioo

5. In an Aapparatus of the character de- .,scribed, the combination of, a flaring deflector; and a plurality of revolubleblades arranged around said deiiector and each extending from near a Zone of the larger part ofthe delector in a direction away from a transverse plane passing through said larger part; the space surrounding said zone being substantially free of structure tending materially to limit diffusion resulting from the4 flare of thedeflector; an effective portion of each blade being forwardly inclined relative to its direction from said zone, said in- -clin'ation increaslng at the portion of the blade more remote from said zone.

6. In anapparatus ofthe character described, the combination of, a rotary flaring delector; and a plurality of revoluble blades arranged around said deflector and secured thereto and each extending from near va zone of the largerpart of the delector in a direction away from a transverse plaineA passing through said larger part; the space surrounding said zone being substantially free of structure tending materially to limit the lateral discharge oi' air; an effective portion of each blade being forwardly inclined relative to its direction from said zone, said inclination increasing at the portion of the blade more remote from said zone, thereby to form a sharper forwardly curved end portion. 4

7. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of, a flaring delector serving to divert air moving along said deflector into an outwardly flaring path; and aplurality of slightly divergent revoluble blades arranged around said deflector and each extending approximately longitudinally ot' said dei-lector from near a zone of the larger lpart of the deflector in a direction away from said zone; the space surrounding said zone being substantially free of structure tending materially to limit didusion resulting from the flare of the delector; a part of each blade being forwardly inclined relative to itsdirection from said zone, said blade being wide and said inclination increasing at parts more remote from said zone, thereby to form a forwardly curved end portion; said forward inclination and curve cooperating to scoop the air at the end part of the blade and to force it along the blade, whereby said blade and deflect-or coperate to squeeze together the air at said zone to discharge it at said zone at an angle Ato the axial line of the deeetor.

8.. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of, a flaring deflector; and a. plurality ot' revoluble blades arranged around said deflector and each extending from near a zone of the larger part of the deflector in ay direction away from a transverse plane passing through said largerpart; the space surrounding said zone being substantially free of structure tending materially to limit the lateral discharge of air; said blade and deflector cooperating to concentrate the air at said zone to discharge it at said zone at an angle to the axial line of the delector; the outer edge of eachl blade being somewhat more advanced than the inner edge to increase the speed of the egress at the part nearer said zone, and to facilitate ingress at the part more remote from said zone, and to coperate with said inclinations to assist in the scooping-movement.

9, In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a flaring deflector, and revolving blades arranged around said deflector and extending away from the plane of the larger part of the deflector, and longitudinally forwardly inclined relative to the direction of rotation, in order to move the air along the blade and squeeze it against the air at said larger part to discharge the air outwardly, at an angle to the axial line of the deflector; said support being adapted to produce a current-having a form approximating a conc surface inclosing a comparatively calm cone ot air free from directdrafts and moved only by entrainment. Y

10. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of an upwardly aring rotary blade-support serving to divert upwardly moving air into an outwardly flaring path surrounding the upper surface zone of said support; and a plurality of downwardly disposed blades secured to said support at said zone, each blade as a whole being, from the top down., forwardly inclined thereby serving to squeeze the discharging air against said.

zone.

ll. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of an upwardly flaring rotary bladesupport serving to divert upwardly moving air into an outwardly flaring path surrounding the upper surface zone ot' said support, and a plurality of downwardly disposed blades secured to said` support at said zone` the lower end of each blade being forwardly curved, the blade as a whole being, from the top down, forwardly inclined; said forward inclination and curve cooperating to scoop up the air at the lower part of the blade and to force it upwardly of the blade, whereby said blade and support cooperate for concentrating and dis-.

to scoop-up the air at the lower part of the blade and to force it upwardly of the blade, whereby said bladeand support coperate for squeezing together and concentrating the diverted and scooped-up air at said zone to discharge it freely at said zone in a substantially cone-shaped path at a pressure increasing vtoward the upper part of the zone.

13. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of an upwardly Haring rotary blade-support serving'to divert upwardly moving air into an outwardly Haring path, the space surrounding the upper surface zone of said support being substantially :tree of obstructions; anda to scoop secured to said support at said zone, the,

lower end of each blade being wide and forwardly curved, the blade as a whole' being, from the top down, forwardinclination and curve coperating up the air at the lower part of the blade and to force it upwardly of the blade, whereby said blade and support co erate to squeeze together and concentrate t e air at said zone to discharge it at said zone at an angle approximating 30 and at a pressure increasing toward the upper part of the zone; the outer edge of each blade being somewhat more advanced than the inner edge part and to increase the speed of theegress at the upper part and to facilitate ingress at the lower to coperate with said inclinations to assist in the scooping-up movement.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of an upwardly aring rotary blade-support serving to divert upwardly moving air into an outwardly flaring path surrounding the upper surface zone of said support, a plurality of downwardly disposed blades secured to said support at said zone, `the lower end of each bladebeing forwardly curved, the blade as a whole being, from the to down, forwardly inclined; said forward inc ination and curve forwardly inclined; said coperating to scoop up the air at the lower part of the blade and to force it upwardly of the blade, whereby said blade and support coperate for concentrating and discharging the air at said zone; and a ring securing together and mutually bracing the lower ends of the blades and formed sufficiently narrow to permit the scooping-up action to take place freely.

15. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary daring blade support; and blades secured to said support and extending away from the plane of the larger part of the support, the blades being longitudinally forwardly inclined relative to the direction oir'V rotation, in order to move the air along the blade and squeeze it against the air at said larger part to discharge the air outwardly, at an angle to the axis of the blade support; said support being adapted to produce a current having a form approximating a cone surface inclosing a comparatively -calm cone of air free from direct drafts and moved only by entrainment.

MILTON M.. KOHN.

Wttnesses:

G. Dnnws, H. D. PENNEY.

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