US1319398A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

. w. KLOMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED lUNE I0. 1918.

Cem/bre u for THEOIDORE W. KLOIVIAN, OF FAKK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

terasse.

Application filed June 10, 1918.

To all wim/a t may concern Be 1t known that I, Tirnooonn W. Kno- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Park Ridge, 1n the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain' newand 'useful lmprovement in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to engines having a plurality cf cylinders, and more particularly to the valves controllingthe admission' andv exhaust of such cylinders.

The object of the invention is to provide a valve of the rotary type in which the distribution of fuel gas from the carbureter to the several cylinders shall be uniform, and the cooling ell'eet of such gas eliiciently utilized in lowering the temperature of such valve, and in general, to obviate the diliiculties and avoid the objectionable features usually attending the employment of valves of this type.

rlhe invention consists in certain novel features of construction, and arrangements of ports and passages by which the above objects are attained, to be hereinafter described and claimed.

Ilhe accompanying drawings form a part i of this specification and show the invention as applied. to a four-cylinder engine of the four cycle type.

Figure l is a vertical section taken axially of the cylinders, and partly in elevation.

Fig. 2 is a corresponding horizontal section through the valve casing, showing the valve in plan view, the plane of section being indicated by the line 2-2 in Fig. l.

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sections, taken on-the line 3--3 in Fig. l and partly in elevation, showing the relative positions of the valve and its ports and passages in each of the four cylinders as conditioned in Fig. l, or may be understood to show one of the cylinders and the valve as conditioned for each of the four cycles successively.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A1, A2, A3 and A4 are the cylinders of the engine arranged vertically side by side in alinement and preferably in pairs, yeach pair controlled by a cylindrical tubular valve B1 and B2 both coupled to rotate and operate together as a single valve extending across the top of the cylinders with its axis intersecting the axial lines of the cylinders and inclosed in the cylinder heads A serving as Specification of Letters Patent.

latented Cet. 2l, 1919.

Serial No. 239,088.

the valve casings which are closed at the ends by the valve casingheads B. A stem or shaft B3 extends through one head B and carries a sprocket wheel and chain B4 by which the valve B1 is rotated from the main shaft, not shown, or other moving part, and the two valves are coupled together at B5 to move as one. l

Each valve is hollow and closed at the ends and each has four inlet ports marked C1, C2, C3 and C4 in one, and C, C, CT and C8 in the other, extending` through the shell of the valve to the interior thereof, and four exhaust passages D1, D2, D3 and Dt in one,

and D, D, D7 and DS in the other, formed as deep grooves or pockets on the cylindrical exterior of the shell.

Fuel gas is received through a pipe C from the carburetor, not shown, and delivered through the branches C9 and C10 to the manifolds C11 C12 each forming a chamber 01 c2 having a long opening-or port 03 04 extending nearly the entire length of each valve and having a width of approximately one fourth of the circumfereneelof the valve, so that one quarter of the entire superficies of the valve is bathed in the fuel gas at al( r times when the engine is running. These openings c3 c4 are crossed by narrow diagonally arranged webs or bridges C13 C13 servingto join th margin ofthe openings and stilfen the valve casing.

rlhe inlet ports C1`C2 in the valve B1 are diametrically opposite near one end, and the inlet ports C3 C* ofthe same valve are oppo site each other near the other end of the valve and are located at a right angle to the first pair. The inlet ports C5 C3 and C7 CS in the valve B2 are similarly arranged but at an a-ngle of forty-five degrees to the corresponding inlet ports of the valve B1.

@n the interior of the valves are swells corresponding to the spiral exhaust pockets or recesses on the exterior of the valves, permitting such pockets to be of sn'l'licient depth i et haust port or chamber is shovvn as located belovv the axial line of the valve7 and the pockets are sc shaped as to lead from the intake ports of the pair of cylinders inwardly to the exhaust port7 maintaining such communication alternately at each end of the valve during the periods in which the pockets are passing the cylinder ports. The pockets forming each pair are 'dianietrically opposite each other and separated the proper distance each from the adjacent inlet ports.

The valves rotate in the direction indicated by the ari-ovv in Fig. 3 and it vvill be noted t-hat each one-eighth turn of thc valve presents an inlet port at the openings c3 c* for an intake of fuel gas, and that such presentation takes place alternately7 at the ends of each valve-section.

rlhe exhaust pockets or recesses Dl D2 are located at one end of the valve B1 and D3 D* are at the oppositev end. The pockets D DG and D8 occupy corresponding positions on the valve B2. lWhen eitherof the. exhaust pockets is presented to the port at the top of a cylinder its advanced end'is presented tol the centrally located exhaust port D9 or D10 inthe valve casing, which ports lead to an exhaust manifold or pipe D11 and thenceescape as usual. There is no position of the valves in which the pockets can establish communication between the chambers c1 c2 and the exhaust ports D9 D10.

The four cylinders in Fig. l shovv the conditions and relative positions of the valves and pistons for a complete cycle, and the transverse sections in Figs. 3, a, 5 and G shovv the same. rlhe piston in the cylinder A1 is at the mid-stroke dovvnivard and is taking in fuel gas through its cylinder port al which lis received from the chamber c1 through the inlet port C3, traverses the interior of the valve B1 to the inlet port C1 and thence delivered to the cylinder A1. The opposite inlet port C2 is sealed by the valve casing as is also the inlet port C4, and the exhaust pock ets Dl D2 and D3 D4 are either sealed or are in idle communication with the chamber c1 or exhaust polt D9, and the cylinder port a2 is sealed by the valve.

The piston of the cylinder A2 is at the end of its upstroke with its charge of gas fully compressed and ready for ignition.

The valve B2 as before stated is advanced forty-five degrees relatively to the valve-section B1, and the piston of its cylinder Artis at the end of its downward or intake stroke and beginningto compress; the cylinder port L3 is sealed by the valve B2, the inlet port C5 is sealed by the valve casing, and the inlet port C is beginning to receive gas from the chamber 02. At the opposite end of the'valve B2, in the cylinder A" the piston is at the mid-stroke upward driving out the exhaust through the cylinder port a4 and Yexhaust pocket D?, the advanced end of It will be noted that the fuel gas enters the valvesD1 D2 alternatelyv from each end and tra-verses the interior of each in reaching the cylinder ports at the time of intake; the gas travels alivays the same distancc and under the same' conditions of area so that short paths to the intake are avoided and the cylinders are each supplied uniformly; and that the interior surfaces of the valves are bathed in a practically continuous current of cool fuel gas liovving alternately in opposite directions through the valve and distributed uniforn'ily7 serving to maintain a lovv temperature.' The exterior of the valves is. cooled by the fuel flowing into and from the chambers c1 c2 in vvhichlapproximately one fourth of the entire surface of each valve is exposed, and the rotation of the valves present neuv surfaces successively.

Lubrication is effected by supplying a Vsuitable lubricant to the fuel gas and is thus delivered in the chambers c1 c2 and distributed vvith the gas over the exposed constantly changingsurfaces of the valves.

ln the arrangement shown having vvo inlet `ports' for each of the four cylinders and tivo exhaust pockets for each, 'the valve is timed to make one complete revolution for four revolutions off the crank-shaft, conse-i quently the rate of speed of the valve is low and the advantages due to such low valvespeed are attained.

Asmany valves as required may be cou.- pled to rotate together and control the admission and exhaust of a corresponding number of pairs of cylinders, or the valvesections may be formed in a single casting with partitions dividing the interior into the desired number of chambers each having its inlet ports and exhaust pockets.

By employing a single cylinder port both for intake and exhaust and thus eliminating `the separate exhaust port usually required,

the area of valve surface exposed to the pressures of compression and explosion is correspondingly lessened With acorresponding reduction of valve-friction and Wear against the opposite. Wall of the valve casing.

Parts of the engine n'ot specially described may be understood vto be as usual or of any approved construction. Water jackets for the valve casing and cylinders are shown and may be varied as found desirable.

l; ln an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each having a. cylinder'port, a vrotatable hollow cylindrical valve having inlet ports leading from the exterior to the interior thereof and mienne matching to said cylinder ports, arranged to receive fuel-gas through one of said inlet ports, cause such gas to traverse the interior oi' such valve in direct contact with the 'alls thereo'li, and deliver such gas through the other of said inlet ports to one of said cylinder ports.

2. ln an internal combustion engine, a plurality or cylinders set side by side each having a cylinder port, a rotatable hollowY cylindrical valve having inlet ports leading from the exterior to the interior thereorP and matching to such cylinder ports, arranged to receive fuel gas alternately through said inlet ports, cause such gas to traverse the interior ot' said valve in direct contact with` the 4walls thereo'li alternately in opposite directions, and deliver such gas through said inlet ports alternately 'te said cylinder ports.

3. in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each having a cylinder port, a. hollow cylindrical valve closed at the ends and having a radial inlet port at each of said ends leading` from the exterior 'of said valve to the interior thereof, and matching to such cylinder ports, arranged to receive fuel gas through one of said inlet ports and deliver such gas after traversing such valve in direct contact with the Walls /thereotl Vthrough the other of said inlet ports to one of said cylinder ports, and means for rotating said valve.

il. ln an internal combustion engine, a

plurality of cylinders each having a cylinder port, a valve casing having a Fuel gas chamber therein, a hollou7 cylindrical valve rotatable in said casing, closed at the ends and having a radial inlet `)ort at each of said ends, said inlet ports arranged to register alternately with said, chamber and said cylinder ports, to adinitsuch gas alternately at the ends :et said valve to the interior thereof, cause such gas to traverse the interior of such valve in direct contact with the Walls thereof, and deliver such gas alternately to said cylinder ports at the oppositc ends ot said valve, and means 'for rotaining said valve.

5. ln an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side, each having a cylinder port, a valve casing having a fuel gas chamber therein, a hollow' cylindrical valve rotatable in said casing, said valve closed at the ends and having a radial inlet port at each ot said ends, said inlet ports arranged to registaL alternately with said chamber and said cylinder ports, to admit such gas alternately at the ends ot said valve to the interior thereof and deliver such gas alternately' to said cylinder ports at the opposite ends of said valve, the latter having exliaust pockets on its exterior arranged to register vvith said cylinder ports, and means for rotating said valve.

we aib G. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality or' cylinders set. side by side, each having a cylinder port, a valve casino' having a fuel gas chamber therein, a hollow cylindrical valve rotatable in said casing and having inlet ports at its ends arranged to register with said chamber and with said cylinderports, an exhaust port in said casingI between said inlet ports, exhaust pockets on the exterior of said valve, each arranged to register at one end with said cylinder ports and at the other end with said exhaust port, and' means for rotating said valve.

7. ln an internal combustion engine, a

plurality ot pairs ot' cylinders arranged side 80 by side in a single series, each cylinder having a cylinder port, a series of hollow cylindrical valves, one for each pair oi cyliuders,. extended longitudinally of said series ot cylinders and coupled to rotate as one, and.

each closed at the ends, a easing inclosing said series ot valves and having a fuel gas chamber for each pair of cylinders exterior toits valve, each of said valves having a radial inlet port near each end, said inlet ports arranged to register alternately with the cylinder ports of an adjacent pair of cylinders and admit iuel gas from one of said chambers through one of said inlet ports, cause such gas to traverse the interior of such valve in direct contact With the ivalls thereof, and deliver such gas through the other of said inlet ports to the cylinder port of the cylinder at theopposite end of said valve, said series of valves arranged to deliver such gas successively to the several cylinders of the series, and means for rotat ing said series of valves.

8. ln an internal combustion engine, a

`plurality Aof cylinders set side by side, each gas chamber in' said casino' extendinfr lon i- 110 i D b tudinally of said valve and partially inclosing it, said inlet ports arranged to register alternately With said chamber and vWith cylinder ports and adapted to receive'such gas from said chaniloer at one end of said valve, traverse such gas through the interior of said valve'in direct contact with the Walls thereoi1 and deliver it .at the other end of said valve to one of said cylinder ports, such gas in such traverse serving to cool the intei'ior or" said valve, and the gas in said chamber serving to cool the exterior of said valve.

9. rlFhe valvedescrihed comprising a liol lovv cylinder closed at the ends and having near each end a radial inletport. tor fuel ugas received from the exterior of said valve, and pockets on the exterior of said valve near its opposite ends, having one end of each pocket in circumferential alinement with said inlet ports and the other end of said pockets advanced circuniferentially and extended longitudinally of said valve to coincidence on a circumferential zone on said valve between said inlet ports.

l0. The valve described comprising a hol'- loW cylinder closed at the ends and having near each end a pair of oppositely located radial inlet ports for fuel gas received from the exterior' of said valve, the inlet ports at one end advanced circunifeientially relatively to the others, and pairs of exhaust pockets on theexterioi' of said 'alve, arranged oppositely to each other diametrically and the pair at one end of said valve advanced eircuinferentially relatively to such pair at the opposite end of said valve, one end of. each of said pockets in Circuniferential alinenient ivith the adjacent pair of inlet ports, and the other end of each of said pockets advanced circunif'eicntially and extended longitudinally7 of said valve to coincidence on a circumferential Zone on said valve between said pairs of inlet ports. A

l1. I'n an internal conibustion engine, a pair of cylinders arranged' side by side each having a single cylinder port serving both for intake and exhaust, a hollow cylindrical valve extended longitudinally of said pair and closed at the ends, a easing inclosing said valve and having a fuel gas chaniber exterior to said valve, and an exhaust port, said valve having oppositely located radial inlet ports at each end and exhaust pockets on the exterior of said valve between adjacent inlet ports, the lat-ter arranged to reg'- istci' with said cylinder ports and deliver fuel gas to such cylinders through said inlet ports and the interior of said valve, said' pockets arranged to register With said cylinder ports at one end of said pockets and advanced circumferentially and extended longitudinally of said valve at the other end of said pockets, to register yvitli said exhaust port, and means for rotating said valve.

In testiniony that I claini the invention above set forth I affix iny signature.

THEODORE YV. KLOMAN.

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