US1311041A - Calculating machine, - Google Patents

Description

S. E. CARLIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, I904.

Patented July 22, 1919.

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S. E. CARLIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

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S. E. CARLIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, I904.

1 ,3 1 1 ,041 Patented July 22, 1919.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATIOQ! FILED DEC. I2. 1904.

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Patented July S. E. CARLIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE- APPLICATION flLED 02c. 12. 1904.

Patented July 22, 1919.

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S. E. CARLIN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPUCATION FILED Dec. 2. 1904.

m w 0 m] T IT- N 2 F. H V w m hm w t I M m P 1 m av Q ATT RNEY:

c0. WASHING UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL EDWARD CARLIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE 00., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CALCULATING-MAQHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 22, 1919.

Application filed December 12, 1904. Serial No. 236,498.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL EDWARD CAR- LIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Galculating- Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to calculating machines for general purposes but more partic ularly to a machine especially designed for attachment to an ordinary typewriter or a typewriter of any suitable form whereby the manipulation of the keys of the typewriter will also operate the calculating machine and register or indicate the result thereon while the typewriter records or prints the result.

In many systems of bookkeeping and other calculations it is frequently necessary or desirable to add together a number of amounts or figures in a horizontal line or cross foot so to speak; and also to add to ether the amounts or figures forming vertica columns, contained in a plurality of such horizontal lines as well as add up in a vertical column the various sums of the horizontal cross footings; thus giving sub-totals horizontally and vertically and a grand total at the converging point of the horizontal line of sub-totals and the vertical column of sub-totals, so that if correctly footed the grand total will be the common sum alike of the verticaland the horizontal lines of sub-totals.

One of the important objects of my invention is to perform this mathematical operation, mechanically.

With the described ends inview my invention consists in certain featuresof novelty in the arrangement,construction and combination of parts by which the said objects and certain other objects that will hereinafter appear are attained, all as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in. the claims.

In the said drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved calculating; machine showing the same applied to atypewriter. v

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same detached. from the typewriter.

Fig. is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation and partial section similar to Fig. 2 partly broken away.

Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation of the mechanism for transmitting the action of the typewriter keys to the totalizers. 1g. 6 is a plan view of the totalizers and the parts directly associated therewith, showing a portion of the frame or casing in horizontal section.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation thereof.

Fig. 7 is a detail vertical sectional view of the sliding totalizer carriage taken on the line 7-7, Fig. 12.

Fig. 8 is a detail view taken on the line 8-8, Fig. 11 with certain parts omitted. Fig. 9 is a detail end view of the frame or bracket which carries the guide rods for the top or sum totalizer, also showing in dotted lines the position of the Sliding totalizer carriage.

Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the sliding totalizer carriage, etc, with the digit members or number wheels omitted and a part of the bracket broken away and in section.

Fig. 11 is a plan view thereof with a portion of the bracket in plan section.

Fig. 12 is a detail face view of the totalizer carriage and rack 'bar for propelling the same, and

Fig. 13 is a detail face view of a portion of the way on which said carriage slides, showing the guide groove for operating the propelling dog of the sum totalizer.

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal central elevation of a Remingtontypewriter and tabulating machine showing my improvements applied thereto.

Fig. 15 shows a sectional side elevation of upper and lower totalizers; and Fig. 16 shows a sectional plan of the upper totalizer. These figures show one form of carryover mechanism.

Fig. 17 shows a sectional side elevation and Fig/18 a front elevation of another kind of carry-over mechanism applied to the computing wheels.

Flg. 19 is a plan of the device seen at Fi 17.

igs. 20 and 21 are sectional side elevations or diagrams to indicate the movements of the parts.

Fig. 22 is a perspective view to show the manner in which the carry-over devices are coupled with the computing wheels.

My invention is shown as applied to the front portion of an ordinary typewriter of standard make but may be applied to any other suitable form of typewriter and in the cxemplification shown 1 designates the various typewriter keys, 2 the key bars,-3 the standards or front portion of the main frame and 5 a part of the typewriter carriage, which latter as usual is adapted to travel or escape in a direction transversely of the key bars 2 by an intermittent move ment each time one of the key bars or the usual spacing bar is depressed.

Secured in a vertical plane across the front of the frame 3 is a guide rail 6 and on this rail is mounted a sliding or traveling totalizer carriage comprising a bracket or plate 7 and preferably grooved rollers 8, 9 above and below the rail 6 and engaging therewith for keeping the carriage in place on the rail This carriage escapes or travels with the typewriter carriage 5 and moves absolutely in unison therewith in response to the operation of any of the key bars or the spacing bar, and to that end it is provided with any suitable connection with the type writer carriage, such for exam Is as a bar 10 secured to the carriage brac et 7 in any suitable way and having a lug 11 which is engaged by a propelling fork 12 depending from the typewriter carriage 5 and having an open end slot 18 or other suitable means capable of engaging with the lug 1 1 when the typewriter carriage is in its normal position but permitting of disengagment when the typewriter carriage is elevated.

Mounted upon the carriage bracket 7 is a series of totalizers, three being shown but any desired number may be employed, so far as the principle of this invention is concerned. These totalizers are duplicates of each other excepting that in the last one of the series, or one on the right as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the figures or numbers on the number or digit bearing members progress in the reverse direction from those of the others for the purpose which will be presently explained. Counting from right to left each of these totalizers comprises nine number wheels or digit members 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 re resenting respectively units, tens, hundre s, thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions, tens of millions, hundreds of millions. For convenience of description these three totalizers, each comprising the said nine digit members, are designated respectively as totalizers A, B and C, the totalizer A being the one in which the numbers on the digit bearing members progress in the reverse direction of the numbers on the digit bearing members of the other twototal-izers B and. C. These totalizers A, B, (l, in themselves, do not differ, in their general structure and rinciple of operation, from ordinary totalizers of the prior art, two forms of which, based on prior patents, have been illustrated herein and will be hereinafter described. Sufiice it to say that all of these rotary digit bearing members are mounted upon the same rod or axle 23 and each is provided with a pinion 24, the digit bearing members of the various totalizers being spaced in groups 'by collars or Washers 25 corresponding to dollars and cents, if the machine is to be used for calculating money (but if not, the collars or washers 25 are unnecessary and may be omitted, as at Figs. 18, 19), and the axle or rod being mounted in suitable end brackets or supports 26, 27 secured to the face of the carriage bracket 7 whereby the entire series of totalizers A, B, C will travel bodily and in unison in a longitudinal direction with the carriage 7 on the rail 6. Secured behind the axle 23, also in the end brackets 26, 27 is a second axle 28 and on this second axle is mounted as many pinions 29 as there are pinions 24 or in other words one for each of the digit members, and these pinions 24, 29 are continually in mesh, the pinions 29 being also loose or independently rotatable on their axle 28. 30 are holding or centering dogs, one for each of the pinions 29, arranged to engage with a corresponding number of spur-wheels 31 secured one to each of the pinions 29 loosely upon the axle 28, the holding dogs being yieldin ly pressed against the spur-wheels by suita lesprings 32.

It is to be understood that the invention sought to be protected is in no manner dependent upon the capacity of the abovedcscribed totalizers; that is, upon the number of denominational orders represented by their number wheels. The number of orders which might be so represented would be dependent, in each instance, upon the accuracy and refinement of construction of the mechanism. Although totalizers having nine number wheels are illustrated and described, such disclosure is intended to be diagrammatic or conventional in chameter, and is merely intended to represent such number of denominational orders as may be found to be practical without exceeding the degree of refinement of workmanship which would be warranted in the commercial production of such a machine.

Arranged below the series of pinions 29 and directly in line with the teeth of the latter is an operating member or gear wheel 38 which is common to all of the pinions 29 and adapted to rotate them successively as the carriage 7 escapes along with the typewriter carriage and carries the pinions 29 successively into engagement with the teeth of the gear 33. This gear 33, which may be termed a master wheel, is journaled on any suitable support as a pair of brackets 34, 35 and it derives its rotation from the key bars of the typewriter by means which will now be described. Secured to one side of the gear wheel 33 are two ratchet wheels 36, 36 and engaging with these ratchet wheels are two pawls 37, 38 which are connected to two rocker arms 39 by two pivoted links or rods 40, 41 and a cross pin 41 so that when the rocker arms are oscillated the gear 33 will be rotated if one of the pawls 37, 38 is in engagement with one of the ratchets 36, 36 The pawls may be guided in their movements about the axis of the wheel 33 by links or radius arms, not shown, and springs, not shown, may be provided to hold the pawls in normal engagement with their respective ratchet wheels. The rocker arms 39 are rigidly mounted upon a rocker shaft 42 supported in any suitable supports 43 and also having rigidly connected thereto as many levers 44 as there are digits on each of the digit bearing members, ordinarily nine, there being no lever 44 corresponding to zero, and arranged above a side lug or projection 45 on each of the levers 44 is an operatin finger 46 which when depressed strikes tie lug 45 and causes the shaft 42 to be rotated a degree proportionate to the distance which the finger 46 moves after it strikes the lug 45 and consequently imparting a corresponding degree of rotation to the gear wheel 33 and through the intermediate connections to the digit member or number wheel whose operating pinion 29 happens to be at that time in mesh with the gear 33, the object being to rotate the gear 33 each time only so far as necessar to bring the proper number or cipher on the digit member into register since, as is understood, it requires a digit member to be rotated a greater de ree for registering 5, for example, than it c oes for registering 1. To that end therefore the levers 44, one of which is employed for each of the typewriter bars 2 corresponding to the digits one to nine, inclusive, are graduated in length or distance from their respective operating fingers 46 so that although the fingers 46 may all move the same distance some of them engage the lugs 45 sooner than the others and consequently impart a, greater degree of oscillation to them. Each of the fingers 46 is connected to its proper key lever 2 by any suitable connection such as a turn-buckle 47.

For some pur oses, such for example as causing the mac ine to subtract instead of add, it is necessary or desirable to rotate the gear 33 in the opposite direction, and that is why two of the pawls 37, 38 are employed instead of a single pawl, and in conjunction with these are employed, means for alternately throwin the pawls into and out of engagement at W1 1. For that purpose the pawls 38 and 37 are provided with tail- pieces 48, 49, respectively, which are curved toward each other, and projecting across these two tail pieces are two lugs 50, 51 which are supported by arms 52, 53 respectively projecting from an operating lever 54, pivoted at 55 to the bracket 35. When the operating or shiftinglever 54 is thrown in one direction the lug 50 releases the tail piece 48 of the pawl 38 while the lug 51 comes into engage ment with the tail piece 49 of the pawl 37 and thrusts said pawl 37 out of engagement with the teeth of the detcnt wheel 36, thus allowing the pawl 38 to drive the ratchet wheel 36 when a key is depressed; and when the shifting lever 54 is forced in the other direction the lug 50 comes into engagement with the tail piece 48 of the pawl 38,th11s disengaging said pawl while lug 51 releases the tail piece 49 of the pawl 37 thus allowing it to engage said ratchet wheel 36 when a key is depressed. Both pawls may be released by lever 56 and finger 57 when desired. The teeth of the two ratchet wheels 36, 36* are, of course, cut in the reverse direction of each other so that by the means described the gear wheel 33 may be rotated in either direction and will be rotated by one or the other of the pawls 37, 38 when one of the key levers 2 connected with any of the fingers 46 is depressed and the rotation will be in a degree sufficient to advance the digit member whose pinion 29 is then in engagement with wheel 33 a number of steps corresponding with the value of the digit of the key 2 which is depressed and at the same time the carriage 7 and all of the totalizers A, B, C will escape or space with the typewriter carriage by virtue of its connection with the bar 10, Ordinarily this escaping movement of the typewriter carriage and as transmitted to the to-talizer carriage 7 will be the distance of one space each time a key lever or the spacing bar of the typewriter is depressed, but it will nevertheless be understood that should an ordinary tabulating attachment be employed in connection with the typewriter the spacing or escaping movement of the typewriter carriage and the corresponding movement imparted to the totalizer carriage 7 will be determined according to the way that the tabulator is set.

The usual Remington tnbulator, shown in Fig. 14, is illustrated in the patent granted to G. B. Webb, No. 720,302, February 10, 1903. As set forth in said patent, column stops T are arranged upon a rod T supported on the carriage 5. By pushing back any of the denomination keys T with its rod T its lever T is rocked about its fulcrum T and moves the connected denomination stop T forwardly into the path of the column stops T. Each denomination stop has a shoulder T, to push forwardly a universal bar T, which rocks about a fulcrum T and has an arm T to pull down a link T thereby depressin a crank arm T fixed upon a rock shaft 1; the latter carrying an arm T having a roll T to liftrack 'l,hinged on the carriage at T, from a pinion T, which is connected to the usual escape neut pinion T controlled by the usual dogs T the carriage being driven by a spring barrel T and the dogs being operated by a universal bar T beneath all. the key levers 2. The carriage 5 runs forward under the power of said spring T until arrested by cooperation of stops T and T. Then the key T is released from pressure, and spring T returns the key to normal position, together with the associated parts. The rack T drops into mesh with the pinion T, so that the carriage may be fed by the key-operated dogs T in the usual manner. Either of the members T, T may be regarded as a stop and the other member as a cooperating catch. The key levers 2 form a part of the printing mechanism, since they are connected by links T to type bars T to strike against the under side of platen T mounted on the platen carriage 5; the platen and printing mechanism bein relatively movable, as usual in the Remington machine.

With the machine in the position shown in the drawings the operation of any one of the typewriter keys 2 bearing one of the nine digits will rotate the hundreds of millions di it member 22 a degree corresponding wit the value of that digit to register the same, and simultaneously with this re,- tation and registration the ordinary printing mechanism of the typewriter prints the same digit on the printing surface in the ordinary way and the typewriter carriage and totalizer carriage 7 escape relatively to the wheel 33. If the number wheels are grouped for punctuation and decimal spa-eing, as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, it may be necessary to then strike the spacing bar t thereafter bring the next one of the digit members into register with the wheel 33, that is, to bring its operating pinion 29 into mesh with the wheel 33, whereupon the proper one of the keys 2 will then be struck and the figure corresponding to that key will be simultaneously printed on the printing surface and registered on the totalizer.

-As before statedl one of the important objects of this invention is to cross-foot or add a number of amounts occurring in the horizontal line in a plurality of columns. Let it be supposed therefore that the amount printed during the operation of the totalizer C falls in the first column and it is now desired to print in the same horizontal line but in the next column another amount and by that is meant an amount which is complete in itself and not merely some of the figures constituting the amount first printed; as for example suppose that the amount first printed was one million, one dollar and one cent and the amount to be printed in the second column is one dollar, the typewriter carriage will be allowed to escape or spaceuntil the pinion 29 belongmg to digit member 16 of totalizer B slides into mesh with the gear wheel 33 whereupon typewriter key 2, hearing numeral 1 will be struck and one dollar will be registered on totalizer B and simultaneously printed in the dollar place of the second column or column on the right on the printing surface. The machine at this stage will register the amounts printed on the two totalizers A, B respectively, and the means forcross-footing r mechanical adding togetherthese two amounts on the third totalizer will now be described.

Arranged above the series of totalizers A, B, O is a. fourth or sum totalizer D which is a duplicate of totalizers C, B and is composed of a corresponding number of the rotary digit memibers, duplicates of those designated at 14 to 22 inclusive of one of the other totalizels and this totalizer D may be styled a sum totalizer upon which is accumulated or added the amounts registered on the totalizers C, B and which totalizer D is operated in unison with the totalizers C, B and to that end it intermittently travels or escapes along with the totalizers B as the latter successively pass the op crating gear wheel 33, but inasmuch as the totalizer D is preferably operated from the same gear wheel 33, the totalizer D travels or escapes with the totalizer C until the last pinion 29 of the totalizer C has passed the gear wheel 33 or the distance of one totalizer and then it, the sum totalizer D, jumps back or is returned to its former position in readiness to travel along with the next one of the totalizers or to-talizer B a distance equal to the length of one totalizer. To this end the digit members of the sum totalizer D are loosely journaled upon an axle 58 but are confined against lndependent longitudinal movement on said axle by two end. slides 59, 60 which are mounted rigidly on the axle 58, and the axle in turn is slidably mounted in two end brackets 61, 62 which are rigid with an overhanging supporting bracket 63 constituting a part of a back plate 64 which may also form a support for the rail 6, the arms 34, 35, the bracket 43 and brackets65 that support the fixed rod 46* which carries the fingers 46. The axle 58 therefore is longer than the distance between the end brackets 61, 62 and the difference is equal to the travel or escaping movement of the sum totalizer The slides 59, 60 are also mounted upon and secured to a sliding rod 66 which, like the rod 58, slides in the end brackets 61, 62 and this rod or axle 66 carries loosely as many pinions 67 as there are number wheels or digit members in the sum totalizer 1) and which pinions (i7 engage respectively with a corresponding number of pinions 68, one for each of the num ber wheels or digit members 68 of totalizer D, arranged to slide on the axle 5S and being secured to or formed on said number wheels of totalizer D so as to be rotated respectively by the pinions 67. As better shown in Fig. 1, each of the pinions G7 is provided with a spur wheel 69 on one side thereof, engaged respectively by V-shaped centering springs 70 for centering or alinmg the number wheels of totalizer D. These centering springs 70, as shown in Fig. 6, may be supported on the slides 59, 60 by a bar 71 or any other suitable means. Arranged below the rod or axle 66 is a rod 72 on which is journaled an idle pinion or master wheel 73 having its teeth so constructed and arranged as to be successively engaged by the pinions 29, 67 as the totalizers Ii and l) escape therepast, the unit number wheel or digit member of one of the lower lotalizers having its operating pinion 25) in engagement with the idler 7? at the same time the unit number wheel of the upper or sum totalizer D has its operating pinion 67 in engagement with said idler.

The sum totalizer D is shown in the drawings in its initial or starting position and as soon as the carriage 7 which earric the lower series of totalizers begins to move toward the left. the sum totalizer D will be correspondingly advanced along with the lower totalizers a distance equal to the length of one totalizer by means of a dog 74 rigidly secured to a rod 75 arranged behind and parallel with the rod 72 and which dog Tat engages with the slide 60 as shown in Fig. 8 and thereby pushes the sum totalizer D together \--.'ith the two rods 58, 66, toward the left, the rod 75 being journaled in the two end brackets 26. 27 of the totalizer carriage 7 so that it will travel therewith. The dog it is thus caused to push the upper to talizer toward the left until the last one of the series of number wheels or digit members therein passes the transmitting idler 73 and while doing so compresses a spring 76 on the rod 66 and when this point is reached the dog 74 is released, allowing the spring 76 to force the sum totalizer Dback again to its starting or initial position in readiness to begin the excursion over again in unison. with the, next succeeding totalizer of the lower series, or totalizer B. This release of the dog 7 4 is accomplished by controlling arm 77 secured thereto and projeeting rearwardly into a guide groove in the outer face of rail 6 and which groove comprises two straight or horizontal portions 78, 79 at its ends arranged in different horizontal planes, and a wider conneetin portion 80 intermediate the ends of the llOI'lzontal portions 78, 79. Arranged in this widened portion 80 on a level with the bottom of the straight groove 78 is a flat spring 8] which terminates near an incline or bevel 82 where the portion SOjoins the groove 71) so that as the arm 77 moves with the rod 75 it will pass along groove 78 and spring 81 without altering the position of dog 7% un til it reaches the bevel or incline 82 whereupon the incline 82 will press it downwardly, deflecting the spring 81% shown in Fig. 13 and passlng into the lower groove 79, thereby releasing dog 7 4 from slide 60 and holding it released while the sum tot-alizer l) jumps back to its original position during the balance of the travel of the totalizer carriage 7. By this time the hundreds of millions number wheel 22 of totalizer 13 is about to come opposite to wheel 33 and bring its operating plnion 29 into engagement with the teeth of said wheel 33 and at the same instant the corresponding operating pinion of the hundreds of millions number wheel belonging to the sum totalizer l.) ongages operating idler 73 and a second dog 74% similar to the dog 74 comes into engagement with the end slide 60 of the sum totalizer and as the dog 7' a has a controlling arm 77 similar to the arm 77, engaging in the grooves 78, 79' and 80, it is readily seen that this second dog performs the same operation and function with reference to the sum totalizer D while the lower totalizer B is passing the operating wheel 33, that the dog 7-1 did while the tot-alizer C was passing the operating wheel 33 or in short, said dog 74: causes the sum totalizer to escape step by step with the lower totalizer B until all of the operating pinions 29 of lower totalizer B have escaped past the operating wheel 33 and when this takes place the dog 74* is released by the incline 82 (said dog 74: being suitably mounted upon the shaft 75 for this purpose) and the sum totalizer D again. jumps back by the recoil of spring 76 in readiness to again take up its travel with the'totalizer carriage 7, and with the number wheels of the grand totalizer A in register with number wheels of like denominational orders in the sum totalizer D. For this purpose, there is provided a third dog 74:", corresponding in construction and mode of operation with the dogs '74 and 74 to cause the sum totalizer D to travel with the grand totalizer A throughout. the computing zone in which the grand totalizer is effective. The. carriage 7 may travel still farther, and it should travel still farther and carry the sum totalizer D with it or continue to escape along with the typewriter carriage if supplied with more of the totalizer's 13,0, A; but in this exemplification of the invention which is designed for crossfootingionly twocolumns on amounts, come sponding respectively with the totalizers B, C, it has but two of these totalizers and consequently when the units number wheel 11 of sum totalizer A passes the operating wheel 33, it is not necessary to again cause the upper or sum totalizer D to take up the escapement or travel of the totalizer carriage 7 because, as before stated, the purpose of thus having the sum totalizer D travel intermittently with the totali zers B, C, is to enable the totalizers C, B, to accumulate their amounts upon the sum totalizer D so that the sum totalizer D will register or display the sum total of the amounts printed in the same horizontal line in the two vertical columns.

The operator observing the sum total of the two totalizers B, G registered on the sum totalizer D his purpose is now to rint this sum at the end of the horizontal ine or in the third column on the right and at the same time restore the sum totalizer D to zero and register the sum total that was on the sum totalizer D on a fourth totalizer, such as the totalizer A and which fourth totalizer A may be calledthe grand totalizer since it registers and adds. up all of the totals that are taken from the sum totalizer- D. Therefore as the typewriter carriage escapes to the third column for writing the total appearing on the sum totalizer D in the third column opposite the other two amounts appearing in the same horizontal line, the hundreds of millions number wheel 22 of the rand totalizer A will come opposite operatmg wheel 33 and the pinion 29 of wheel or member 22 will engage with wheel 33 when the carriage of the typewriter is in position for writing in the hundreds of millions place in the third column. Before the writin for the total is commenced however, the shitting lever 54 is thrown into proper position for reversing the direction of rotation of the wheel 33 so that the number wheels or digit members of the rand totalizer AWill rotate in the reverse irection of that in which those of totalizers B and C were rotated and the numbers or characters' on the number wheels of the grand totalizer A being arranged in the reverse direction of arithmetical progression it will be understood that even though they rotate oppositely to the wheels of totalizers B, C, they willregister progressively from one u to nine and thence to zero just as the totalizers B, C did and as the operator writes the amount which he sees on the sum totalizer D the same amount will appear on the totalizer A but by reason of the fact thatthe rotation this time is in the opposite direction the number wheels or digit members of the sum totalizer D will rotate in the direction opposite the direction of their former rotation and consequently will be restoredlto .zero. The grand totalizer A having gone past the operating wheel 33 and receiving the amount that was formerly on the sum totalizer D the line of writing is now supposed to be finished and the typewriter carriage together with the carriage 7 is returned to start the writing of a new line and as the carriage 7 thus retraees its course the arms 77, 77, 77 pass successively under the spring 81 and regain the higher groove 78 by sliding up an incline 81:2" (Fig. 13) where the groove 78 joins groove 80, thus restoring the dogs 74, 74*, 74" to their engaging positions.

A new line of Writing will now be started, setting the amounts in the two vertical columns beneath the former amounts that were registered on the totalizers B, C and summed up on the sum totalizer D, the calculating machine going through identically the same operation as before and after both amounts have been set down in a hori zontal line under the first two amounts the total of the second two amounts will be printed at the end of the line and simultaneously registered on grand totalizcr A as before, the operator being guided in printing such total by what appears on the sum totalizer D and the total taken from the sum totalizer D the second time will be added to the first total registered on grand totalizer A which latter will show the grand total. Assuming that the first amount was one million, one dollar and one cent and the second amount was one dollar, the crossfooting would be one million, two dollars and one cent which would appear first 011 the sum totalizer D and subsequently on the grand totalizer A when taken from the sum 'totalizer D. Now, if the first amount in the next line is two dollars it will be placed under the one million, one dollar and one cent amount and if the second amount of the second line is one dollar and one cent, it will be placed under the one dollar amount and the total of three dollars and one cent would appear on the sum totalizer D and as it is written at the end of the line and registered on the grand totalizer A the amount written would be three dollars and one cent but the amount registered on the grand totalizer A will be one million, five dollars and two cents which would be the grand total and would be written at the foot of the third or right hand column. At the conclusion of this operation the totalizer Q will have accumulated and will display the two amounts registered thereon namely, one million, one dollar and one cent and two dollars making one million, three dollars and one cent; and the totalizer B will have registered and will display the sum of the amounts registered thereon, namely, two dollars and one cent. If now the operator begins a third line of writing for the purpose of footingup the three vertical columns he will begin with the totalizer C and by writing at the foot of the first column the total of that column he will subtract the total amount from the totalizer G and thereby restore totalizer O to zero by reason of the fact that the operating wheel 33 was set to rotate in the reverse direction when lever 54 was shifted; the carriage then escapes to the next column on the right and the operator by writing two dollars and one cent at the foot of that column takes off of the totalizer B the total registered thereon, namely, two dollars and one cent, and then by shifting the lever 54 back to its former position and writing at the foot of the third column the amount which appears on grand totalizer A, namely, one million, five dollars and two cents, he will also restore grand totalizer A to zero and it will be found, if the calculation is correct, that the grand total occurring at the converging point of the lower horizontal line of totals and the vertical column of totals will be the common sum of the two vertical columns and the two horizontal lines of amounts.

It is desirable that the totalizer carriage 7 be capable of being shifted laterally with relation to the typewriter-carriage so that the totalizers will not begin to operate until the point or column on the writing surface in which the amounts are to be recorded arrives at the writing center, otherwise the calculating machine would be operated and a false amount registered thereon each time any one of the typewriter keys 2 bearing one of the digits was operated in the act of writing a line of matter preparatory to writing the amount to be printed at the end of the line as, for example, in a bill. Hence the bar 10 which connects the carriage 7 t0 the typewriter carriage 5 is provided with a scale corresponding to the scale that appears on the typewriter carriage and it is adjustably connected to the carriage 7 while the carriage 7 is provided with any suitable index 83 which indicates the point on the scale at which the adding will commence. The attachment for the scale may consist of any suitable catch 84 having one or more teeth 85 engaging with corresponding teeth 86 on the underside of the bar 10. the catch 84 being secured to the carriage 7 by pins 87 passing through slots 88 so that the catch may be released when desired, it being held in engagement ordinarily by a spring, not shown. The bar 10 is supported on the carriage 7 inany suitable guides 90, 91.

As shown in Fig. 12 the'carriage 7 is provided with holes 7 in order that the arms 77, 77, 77 may project into the groove 78.

The pawls 37, 88, together with the arms 44 are returned to their normal position by any suitable means such as a spring 42" coiled on shaft 42 and engaging one of the arms 39 at one end and one of the brackets 43 at the other end.

At Figs. 15 and 16 is illustrated, a tenscarrying mechanism taken from the patent to Schnarrenberger, 418,930, of January 7, 1890, and which is similar in principle to that of Ludlum, Reissue No. 11,147 of March 3, 1891. Fixed to the respective number wheels 68 are gears 68 in mesh with pinions 113, the latter connected by shafts 114 each with an arm 115. As each number wheel revolves, together with its pinion 68, the pinion 113 meshing therewith also revolves, thereby revolving the arm 115, and the latter, once in each revolution engages the pinion 68 of higher denomination, and turns the associated number wheel 68 one point in either direction. The number wheels in the lower totalizer have similar pinions 24 meshing with pinions 117, each of the latter having an arm 118 corresponding with 115. The ordinary detents or justificrs 119 may be provided for the pinions 113, if desired.

Figs. 17 to 2'2 illustrate the tenscarrying or carry-over devices shown in the Patent to \Volfe, 578,303, of March 2, 1897. Upon a shaft 146 a predetermined number of tenscarrying wheels 147, 148 are loosely mounted, being held in close contact with each other by means of sleeves or other spacing devices. The tens-carrying wheels are of peculiar construction, and one of them is shown in detail in Fig. 22. Each tens-carrying wheel is provided with ten teeth, and the spaces 149 between the teeth extend through from side to side of the wheel, which is in the nature of a double wheel. That is, the peripheral surface of each tenscarrying wheel is in two planes, one plane or section 148 being concaved in each tooth (as shown in full lines at Fig. 20), and the lower plane or section 147 being convexed in each tooth, as shown in full lines at Fig. 21, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

Adding heads are mounted upon the axle or cross bar 58, according to the number of columns to be added. That is to say, there may be an adding head for each column. Each adding head comprises a group of wheels 68 pressed in close contact with each other, and upon the periphery of each adding or number wheel, as heretofore stated, numbers are produced at regular intervals apart, ranging from 1 to 9, a 0 intervening between these two numbers; and furthermore, each of the number wheels is provided with teeth 150 projected at one side of the wheel beyond its periphery, and these teeth are placed between or by the side of the numbers which appear on said wheels, and are usuall given a somewhat pointed shape, as clear y seen in Figs. 20 and 21; while upon the o posite side of each number wheel, at a predetermined point, a single tooth 151 is located, and the periphery of the wheel at each side of this tooth is depressed, as shown at 152, Fig. 22; these devices working upon the Geneva lock principle.

Each of the tens-carrying double wheels (147, 148) maybe in peripheral contact with two of the computing wheels 68. The tooth 151, wheels or members 148, 147, and the teeth 150 comprise a carry-over train whereby a wheel of lower denomination may impart one increment of motion to the next iigher wheel. ()ne computing wheel, at the side thereof to which the ten teeth 150 are secured, mav travel upon the convexed section or plane 147 of the tens-carrying wheel, the teeth 150 of the computing wheel entering the spaces 149 of the tenscarrying wheel, whereby 147 may drive 68 (to carry 1 thereon from time to time); while the next lower computing Wheel 68 may have the face thereof which carries the single carry-over tooth 151 placed in contact with the face of its adjoining wheel having the multiple teeth attached, and the peripheral surface of the number wheel 68 presenting the single tooth 151 will travel upon the concave or higher plane surface 148 of the tens-carrying wheel. In other words, the tips of the ten teeth 011 the member 148 of the carry-over train are concaved to conform to the periphery of number wheel 88 whereby the member 148 (and 147) is locked against rotation upon the well known Geneva lock principle; whereby the next higher number wheel, that is, the one at the time in mesh with the member 147, is locked against movement in either direction, and hence cannot overthrow or otherwise become displaced. In operation, the grouping of the number wheels and tenscarrying wheels being carried out as above set forth, when the number wheel of lower denomination having its single tooth presented to the carrying wheel (147, 148) has been rotated sufficiently to present the digit 9 to be read, the next movement of 'this number wheel of lower denomination will bring its single tooth 15 1 into a space between the teeth of the tens-carrying wheel 147, 148, and rotate that wheel one point; and the tens-carrying wheel in its turn will communicate the same movement to the number wheel of next higher denomination whose multiple teeth 150 are in mesh with 147, thus carrying over the tens to said next higher wheel, causing the registry to be 10. The tens-carrying wheels actuate the number wheels only when a number is to be carried over from one wheel to another. Otherwise the number wheels are moved directly from the actuating levers by the transmitting or master wheel 33.

A relative movement is produced by the typewriter carriage 5 and computer carriage 7 between the computing heads on the one hand and the master wheel 83 and carryover pinions (147, 148) on the other hand. In other words, as in said Wolfe patent, the carry-over wheels (147, 148) do not move in axialdirection relatively to the master wheel 33, but are considered as a unit with said master wheel so far as the relative step-bystep movement is concerned between the computing Wheels and the master wheel. During such step-by-step movement, as in said Wolfe patent, as the master wheel advances from highest to lowest denomination of each adding head, the carry-over wheels 147, 148 do the same, so that at any time all of the number wheels of higher denominations than that one with which the master wheel is connected, are in mesh with the carry-over wheels or trains 147, 148. Thus all of the number wheels of higher denominations are locked against overthrow or other accidental displacement. If the wheel should be in engagement with the units number wheel, all of the number wheels of higher denomination than units would be locked against motion except through the operation of the tens-carrying devices; but the fact that these wheels of higher denomination are so locked does not prevent any of them from being operated by the master Wheel 33, as it is only necessary to move the typewriter carriage and thereby bring the master wheel 33 into connection with the desired number Wheel, which may be readily turned by the master wheel, since the wheel which at any time is connected to the master wheel is not locked; but only those Wheels of higher denominations.

For the purpose of keeping the tens carrying Wheels (147, 148) in proper alinement while relative transit occurs between said wheels and the computing heads, a guide bar 153 is provided, supported upon the computing carriage, and extending parallel with the axes of the computing wheels. This guide bar is fitted with a rib 154 extending longitudinally thereof and adapted to enter the spaces 149 between the teeth of the tens-carrying wheels 147,148; it being understood that opposite each of the com.- puting heads this rib is omitted, or cut away, as at Fig. 18, to permit the tens-carrying wheels to rotate freely. The tens-carrying wheels or inio- ns 147, 148 are therefore at all times either in engagement with the rib 154 or with the number wheels, the latter normally held against accidental rotation by the detents 30. The carriage 7, which effects the relative step-by-step movement between the computing heads on the one hand and the master wheel with its bank of tens-carrying wheels on the other'hand, is actuated directly from the typewriter carriage 5, as already explained. The carriages may he slid to any point necessary to bring the transmittingor master wheel 33 in engagement with the teeth of any desired member of any particular computing head, and to bring said computing head into corresponding relation with the bank of carryover wheels 147, 148. When the count on one of the members or computing wheels has reached 9, motion will then be communicated through the tens-carrying-over wheel 147, 148, in engagement with it, to the next higher number wheel, completing the registry.

At Fig. 1.8 two banks of carry-over trains are shown, the upper bank being used for the jumping totalizer D;vthis upper bank,- together with the upper master-wheel 73 constituting a unit.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new therein and dcsireto secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit members, means whereby the operation of the digit members of one of said totalizcrs simultaneously operates the corresponding digit members of another one of said totalizers in the same direction of arithmetical progression, and means wherebythe operation of the digit members of a third one of said totalizers operates the corresponding digit members of one of the first said totalizers in the opposite direction of arithmetical progression.

2. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a plurality of independent totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit members, means whereby the operation of the di it members of oneof said totalizers simu taneously operates the corresponding digit members of another one of said totalizers and means whereby the operation of the digit members of a third one of said totalizer operates the digit mem bers of one of the first two said totalizers in a reverse direction of the first said operation thereof.

3. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers each comprising a plurality of digit members, a sum totalizer, means whereby t the operation of the digit nienibersof-either of the totalizersofi said series simultaneously operates the corresponding digit members of said sum totalizer in the same direction of arith metical progression, a grand totalizeixand means whereby the operation of, said grand totalizer simultaneously 0 crates, said sum totalizer in ,the opposite direction so as to subtract from the amount registered thereon, 1. In a calculatingmachine, the combina tion of a series, of, operating keys va set, of totalizers, a sum vtotalizer, means: whereby any totalizer of said set and said sum totalizerv may be simultaneously operated by said y a d means for reversing the dir tion of operation of the totalizers at will independently of the effective direction of operation of said keys.

5. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit members, a sum totalizer also comprising a corresponding plurality of digit members, means whereby the operation of the digit members of any of the totalizers of said series simultaneously operates the corresponding digit members of said sum totalizer so as accumulate or add on the sum totalizer the amounts registered. on the totalizers of said series, and means for simultaneously printing the characters or numbers as they register on all of said totalizers operatively connected therewith.

6.,In a machine for the purpose described the combination of a series of totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit members, an operating member common to all of said digit members and past which said operating member the latter are movable, a sum totalizer comprising digit members adapted to accumulate the amounts registered on the totalizers of said series, means for causing the sum totalizer to escape or travel successively with each of the total izers of said series a distance equal to the distance traveled by each of said latter totalizers while it is passing said operating member, and means for thereaftercausing said sum totalizer to return to its initial or starting position While the totalizers of said series continue to travel in the opposite direction,

T. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit mem bers, a sum totalizer, means for successively operating the totalizers of said series and correspondingly and simultaneously operating the corresponding digit members of said sum totalizer in the same direction of arithmetical progression, a grand totalizer alsocomprising a corresponding plurality of digit members having the digits or char acters, thereon readin in the reverse direc tion of those on the ot ier said totalizers, and means whereby the digit members of said grand totalizersimultaneously operate the corresponding digit members of said sum totalizer but in the reverse direction of that in which said sum totalizer was operated by said ;series,',of totalizers whereby the sum totalizer will be returned to zero registering the amount appearing thereon upon the grand totalizer.

, 8., In amachine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers, comprising, a grand totalizer, and a sum totalizer, means whereby the operation of any ons t said series of totalizers simultaneously operates said sum to al r, an

ilO

operating member common to all' of said series of totalizers, a plurality of operating keys for operating said operating member, and means for reversing at will the direction of motion of said operating member independently of the direction of the effective movement of said keys.

9. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination with a typewriter comprising a typewriter carria e and type keys, of a totalizer carriage adjustab-ly connected with said typewriter carriage so as to escape in unison therewith, a series of totalizers mounted on and movable with said totalizer carriage, and each comprising a plurality of digit members having operating means, an operating member common to all of the operating means of said digit members and into engagement with which the said operating means successively pass, a sum totalizer having a limited movement in unison with said totalizer carriage, means for imparting the operation of the said digit mci'n bers of said series of totalizers to said sum totalizer, means for imparting a plurality of reciprocating movements to said sum totalizer in the direction of movement of said totalizer carriage and while said totalizer carriage is traveling between the extremes of its movement, and means operatively connecting said operating member with the typewriter keys.

10. In a calculating device adapted for attachment to a typewriting machine or the like, the combination with a traveling frame having connection with the escapement carriage of the machine to travel therewith, a plurality of totalizers on said frame having gear teeth, a stationary driving gear for engaging said gear wheels, a stationary frame secured to the machine, a totalizer adapted to reciprocate within said stationary frame, means for maintaining said reciprocating totalizer in register with each one of the traveling totalizers, and means for releasin said reciprocating totalizer upon passage 0 the correspondin traveling totaliz'er beyond the driving whee 11. In a calculating device adapted for attachment to a typewriting machine or the like, the combination with a frame connected with the escapement carriage of the machine and adapted to travel therewith, of a plu rality of totalizers disposed in a horizontal roiv on said traveling frames, gear wheels for said totalizers, a stationary driving wheel having teeth for en aging said totalizer gear wheels as the rme travels, a stationary totalizer frame, a reciprocating totalizer mounted in said stationar frame, detent mechanism for enaging' said reciprocating totalizer to hol said totalizer in registration with one of the traveling totalizers until said traveling totalizer has passed beyond the driving wheel, and means for withdrawing said detent means to allow said reciprocating totalizer to be returned to its initial positionv 12. In an addin machine, the c01nbinu tion with a lurallty of primary totalizers, each adapte to receive one set of the numbcrst'o be added to accumulate the numbers of the set toshow the vertical footing thereof, of an accumulator dapted for connec tion' with the totalizcrs to receive and to accumulate the corresponding numbers of the sets to show the cross-footings thereof, and a grand totalizer adapted to receive and to accumulate the various cross-footings to show the total sum of all the numbers.

13. In a calculating device for attachment to a type-writing machine or the like, the combination with a plurality of primary totalizers and a grand totalizer adapted to travel with the carriage of the machine, each primary totalizer being adapted to receive one set of numbers to be added and to accumulate the numbers of the set to show the vertical footing thereof, of an accumulator adapted to travel a distance with each primary totaliz'er to receive the corresponding numbers of the various sets and to accumulate said numbers to show the cross-footings thereof, said totaling totalizer being adapted to cumulatively receive the various crossfooting sums from the accumulator to show the total sum of all the numbers.

14. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality of primary totaliz ers, each adapted to'rec'eive one set of the numbers to be added and to accumulate the numbers of the set to show the vertical footingthereof, of an accumulator adapted to successively connect with the primary totalizers to receive numbers of the sets from the primary totalizers to accumulate said numbers and to show the cross-footings thereof, and a grand totalizer adapted to accumulatively receive the various cross footings from the accumulator to show the total sum of all the numbers.

15. In a calculating machine, the combination with a lurality of primary totalizers, each adapte to receive one set of the numbers to be added to accumulate the numbers of the set toshow the vertical footing thereof, of a reciprocat-in totalizer adapted suce sively to receive the corresponding numbers of the sets from the primary totalizers to accumulate said numbers and to show the cross footings thereof. 16. In a calculating device, adapted for attachment to a typewriting machine or the like, the combination with a frame having connection with an escapement carriage of the machine and adapted to travel therewith, a plurality of totalizers on said frame, a stationary frame secured to the machine, and a totalizer adapted to reciprocate within said stationary frame.

17. In a calculating device adapted for attachment to a typewriting machine or the like, the combination with a traveling totalizer frame having connection with an escapement carriage of the machine, adapted to travel therewith, of a plurality of totalizers on said frame means for causing actuation of said totalizers as said frame travels, a stationary frame, and a totalizer adapted to reciprocate within said stationary frame and cooperating with the totalizers of the traveling frame to accumulatively receive numbers placed on said traveling totalizers.

18. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurallty of traveling. totalizers, of means for actuating said totalizers, and a reciprocating accumulator cooperating with said traveling totalizers to accumulatively receive therefrom the numbers placed thereon.

19. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality of traveling totalizers, of means for actuating said totalizers, a reciprocating accumulator cooperating with said traveling totalizers to accumulatively receive therefrom the numbers placed thereon, and a grand tota'lizer forming one of the traveling totalizers for receiving the accumulated sum from the accumulator.

20. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality of traveling totalizers, of means for actuating said totalizers, a reciprocating accumulator cooperating with said traveling totalizers to accumulatively receive therefrom the numbers placed thereon, a grand totalizer forming one of the traveling totalizers for receiving the accumulated sum from the accumulator. and means upon actuation of said grand totalizer for restoring the accumulator to its normal condition of zero indication.

21. In a calculating machine, the combination with a plurallty of primary total.- izers, of areciprocating accumulator cooperatingwith said primary totalizers to ac cumulatively receive the numbers indicated thereon, an'd a grand totalizer cooperating with said accumulator to receive therefrom the sum of accumulated numbers.

In 'a calculating machine, the combination with a plurality ofpri-mary totalizers, each adaptedto receive one set of the numbers to be added and to accumulate the numbers of the set to show the vertical footing thereof. of an accumulator adapted to receive and to accumulate the corresponding numbers of the sets andto show the cross footings thereof, said accumulator'bein-g automatically actuated upon actuation of'the primary totalizers, and a grand totalizer adapted tobe: associated With the accumulator totalizer to accumulateand receive therefrom the Tvarious cross footings and to indicate the total sum of all the numbers.

23. In a machine for the purpose described, the combination of a series of totalizers, each comprising a plurality of digit members, means whereby the operation of the digit members of one of said totalizers simultaneously operates the corresponding members of another one of said totalizers in the same direction of arithmetical progression, and means whereby the operation of the digit members of a third one of said totalizers operates the corresponding digit members of the first said totalizers in the opposite direction of arithmetical progression to cause the said third totalizer to receive the sum from said totalizer.

24. In an adding machine, the combination with a plurality of primary totalizers, each adapted to receive one set of numbers to be added and to accumulate the numbers of the set, of an accumulator adapted to suecessively connect With the primary totalizers to receive the corresponding numbers of the set from the primary totalizers to accumulate said numbers means for intermittently advancing the accumulator a distance equal to the length of one primary totalizer, means for automatically releasing said accumulator, and means for returning the ac cumulator to a position to be again advanced.

25. The combination with a frame, a movable carriagc. and printing mechanism whereby a pl uralitv of parallel columns of numbers may be printed on a. WOI'k sheet, of a computing device movable with the carriage, and means for automatically estab- -lishing a cooperative relation between the printing mechanism and the computing device when said printing mechanism is disposed to print numbers in any one of several columns whereby the grand total of said columns will be computed and registered as said columns are printed. i

26. The combination with a frame, a movable carriage, and printing mechanism, whereby a plurality offcol-umns may be printed on a work sheet, of a column totalizer arranged to computethe total of one of the columns, and a grand computing device arranged to compute thegrandtotal of a plurality of columns, one OfiStLld computin'g devices being mountedon the carriage.

27. The combination with a frame, a movable carriagc, and printing mechanism, Whereby:.a plurality of columns may be printed on a work sheet, of a column total izer arranged -tocompute the total of a column, a grand totalizer arranged to com- ;pute the grand total wof several columns, keys operatively related to the printing mechanism and arranged to actuate the column totalizer, and means for actuatin the grand tota'lizer Whenever a digit is printed in any one of the several columns to be included in the grand total, at least one of said totalizers being movable with the carrings.

28. The combination with a typewriting mechanism movable to permit the printing of several columns of numbers, of a column computing device and a grand computing device, means for operating the typewriting mechanism, mechanism operated by said means for operating the column computing device and the grand computing device, and means adjustable independently of the computing devices to determine the location of the columns to be embraced in the computation to be effected by said devices.

29. The combination with a frame, a movable carriage, and printing mechanism, whereby a plurality of columns may be printed on a work sheet, of a column totalizer arranged to compute the total of one of the columns, and a grand computing device arranged to compute the grand total of a plurality of columns simultaneously with the printing of the digits in such columns, both the column totalizer and the grand computing device being movable with the carriage.

30. The combination with two or more primary total izers, of a cross totalizer mounted to move relatively to said primary totalizers, and mechanism to vibrate said cross totalizer successively in individual synchron-ism with several of said primary totalizers.

31. The combination with two or more primary totalizers, of a cross totalizer mounted to move relatively to said primary totalizers, mechanism to vibrate said cross totalizer successively in individual synchronisni with several of said primary totalizers, and actuating means for said totalizers for running up numbers concomitantly on said cross totalizer and the primary totalizer with which it is in synchronism.

32. The combination with a carriage, of a t-otalizer, and connections for repeatedly joining said totalizer to move with said carriage during a single run thereof.

33. The combination with a carriage, of a totalizer, connections for repeatedly joining said totalizer' to move with said carriage during a single run thereof, and means for returning said tdtalizer to a return position after each movement with said carriage.

34. The combination with a paper carrings, of a main series of computing wheels, a supplementary series of computing wheels, a carriage for each series, means for rotating in unison a computing wheel of each series, means for intermittently connecting the carriage of the supplementary series with the carriage of the main series during the progress of a single line of computation along said main series, and means for automatically releasing the carriage of the supplementary series from- Said connecting means and returning it toiits original position.

35. The GOIllblllfiillOIl with a main series of computing wheels arranged in groups forming individual totalizers, of a supplementary series of computing wheels for computing the horizontal or cross totals of a series of rows of figures corresponding to computation by groups of the computing wheels of the main series, means for sue cessively advancing the computing wheels of the first series in successive groups, means for advancing the computingwheels of the second series first in unison with one group and then in unison with the next succeedin group and so on in the same series, an means for restoring the supplementary series to a return relative position after so advancing it in unison with each group of the main series during the progress of a single line of computation along the lastmentioned series.

36. The combination with a series of computing wheels arranged in groups to form individual totalizers, a carriage therefor, means for moving saidicarriage, a supplementary series of computing wheels for cross computations, means for intermittently advancing the wheels of the supplementary series in unison with groups of wheels of the main series during the progress of a single lineof computation for the first series, and means for restoring the wheels of the supplementary series to a return location at each intermission between movements with the main series.

37. The combination with a main carriage, of a series of computing Wheels carried thereby, a supplementary carria e, a supplementary series of computing w eels on said supplementary carriage for registering cross computations, means for traversing the main carriage, means for actuating the wheels of the main series in succession as the carriage advances, a connection between said carriages arranged to be alternately completed and broken as the main carriage advances du-rin the progress of a single line of computation along the same series, and means for restoring the supplementary carriage to a return position when said connection is broken.

38. The combination with a main carria e, of a series of computing wheels carrie thereby, a supplementary carriage, a supplementary series of computing wheels on said supplementary carriage for registering cross computations, means for actuating the wheels of the main series in succession as the carriage advances, and a connection between said carriages arranged to be alternately completed and broken as the main carriage advances during the progress of a single line of computation along the same series.

39. The combination with an actuating wheel, of a pair of means for selectively actuating said wheel in one direction or the other, state-controlling means for determining the selection, an arm common to both of said actuating means, and a series of numeral keys connected to actuate said arm variable amounts.

40. In a calculatinmachine, the combination of a set of tota izers, a cross-totalizer, a grand-totalizer, and means whereby any one of said set of totalizers and said crosstotalizer may be simultaneously operated, said means also acting to enable said crosstotalizer and said grand totalizer to be simultaneously operated in opposite senses to remove the amounts from the cross-totaL izer and accumulate them on the grand-totalizer.

41. In a calculating machine, the combination of a set of totalizers, a cross-totalizer, a grand-totalizer, means whereby any one of said set of totalizers and said cross-totalizer may be simultaneously operated, said means also acting to enable said rand-totalizer to be simultaneously operated with said crosstotalizer in opposite senses with respect thereto, and means for reversing the direction of operation of a plurality of associated totalizers simultaneously, atwill.

42. In a calculating machine,,the combination with a series of operating keys, of a set of totalizers, cross-totalizer, a grandtotalizer, means whereby any totalizer of said set and said cross totalizer may be simultaneously operated by said keys, said means acting to enable the transfer of the amounts from said cross-totalizer to said grand-totalizer, means for reversing the direction of operation of said grand-totalizer, whereby the operation of said keys will remove the amount re 'stered on said grandtotalizer, and recording mechanism operatively related to said keys for recording the computations, includingthe amount removed from said grand-totalizer.

43. In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the combination with numeral typewritin keys and a carriage controlled thereby, o a set of column-totalizers, a cross-totalizer, means whereby said keys may both operate succeeding column-totalizers in succeeding zones and also operate said cross-totalizer in each zone concomitantly with the apposite colui'nn-totalizer, a grand-totalizer not operating in said zones, and means to enable said keys, when writing in still another zone, to operate said crosstotalizer and said grand-totalizer simultaneously but oppositely, to remove the totals from the cross -totalizer and accumulate them on the grand-totalizer.

44. In a combined typewriting and computin machine, the combination with means, inclu ing a carria e, for writing numbers in columns separate one from another across the work-sheet, of means for adding vertically the numbers written in each column, means for cross-adding the numbers as they are written in each line across the page, and shiftable means for causing the performance of subtraction of a number written in one of such columns, and for simultaneously subtracting the same number upon said crossadding means.

45. In a computing machine, the combination with a lurality of totalizers, each having a plura ity of computing wheels re resentative of difierent denominational or ers, of a driving element for each totalizer, and means for concomitantly bringing corresponding wheels of each of said totalizers into cooperative relation with its respective driving element and for concomitantly shifting the cooperative relation from Wheels of one order to wheels of the next order in succession, the dimensions and relative positions of said parts being such as to bring one of said driving elements into cooperative relation with corresponding Wheels of two of said totalizers at each computing operation, so as to be capable of transmitting rotative motion from one to the other.

46. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of totalizers, each having a plurality of number wheels representative of difi'erent denominational orders, the correspondin number wheels of different totalizers having numbers applied in inverse order so as to increase from zero in opposite directions, of a driving element for each totalizer, means for concomitantly bringing corresponding Wheels of each of said totalizers into cooperative relation with its respective driving element and for concomitantly shifting the cooperative relation from Wheels of one order to wheels of the next in succession, and means for rotating said driving elements equal amounts in the same direction at each computing operation, whereby, due to the inverse arrangement of the numbers on the dial wheels, a number subtracted from one totalizer will be added to the other by a rotation of the number Wheels in the same direction.

47. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of column-totalizers, each having a plurality of computing Wheels representative of diiferent denominational orders, the wheels of each totalizer being rotatable in parallel planes about a common axis, and the various totalizers of the group being mounted in an end-to-end relation, with their computing wheel axes in alinement, of a cross-totalizer, of similar construction, mounted in an ofiset relation with respect to said column-totalizers, and having computing wheels rotatable about a parallel

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