US1303360A - Voltage-regulator - Google Patents

Description

STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARGHIE FRANKLIN MORAY, F CEDARS, QUEBEC, CANADA, ASSIGNOR T0 WEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MI A.NUFA(.`2T` ILING COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

VQLTAGE-REGULATOR.

4 Molen', a subject of the King 'of Great Britain, and resident of Cedars, Province of specmcaeon of Letters Patent. Patented May 13, 1919.

Application tiled-August 21, 1914. Serial N o. 857,886.

-Its plunger or 11iovableeore member '7 is attached to a lever 8 that 'is pivoted at 9, a counter-weight 14 being suspended therefrom to assist in bringing the lever and Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new plunger to a point A of equilibrium, and a and useful Improvements in V oltage-Regucontact member 10 being carried thereby. lators; and I do hereby declare that the'ffol- The magnet 4 is connected across the mains lowing is a full, clear, and exact description of an exciter (i, its plunger or movable core ofthe same. member l1 being attached to one endof a This invention relates to regulators wherepivoted lever 12, the opposite end of which l by the voltage of a circuit Vis raised or.4 carries another contact member 13 that colowered, by an excitation circuit, proporoperates with `the men'iber 10. The pull of tionately to the increase or decrease in load. 4Iuamfnet 3 is opposed by a Spring 14* and It has been found that, when trouble, due the pull of magnet 4 by springs 14:. y to short circuits, grounds, etc., develops on A. relay magnet windingr 32 is connected 70 a system and a heavy floi' of current and tothe exciter mains, and, as shown at 34, a drop in voltage occur, the present regulaa shunt circuit thereto is opened and closed tors,without there being any increase in by the main contact members 10 and 13. .'load, excite the field circuit of the generator The 'relayA rnagnet is provided with a piv-I in an effort to compensate for the reduced oted armature 33 that, in its v'brations, con- 75 v01-tage, with the result that1 when the trols the effective value of a resistance 3G., trouble is cleared, the excitation current proas included in the field circuit ofthe exduces destructive voltages on the circuit for citer. Ascther relay magnets similar tov the reason that the excitation current does magnet 32-33 may be employed if required, not fall immediately but takes a, few sec` additional terminals 35 are provided for .80 onds, to do' so.l 'f connecting,r such additional relays to the re- The over-excitation of the circuit without sistance 3G. Vhen the load on the circuit an increase-in load resultsin damage *o in- 2 increases, the voltage of the circuit desulators, transformers and other apparatus creases and the pull of the magnet 3 is and an object of this invention is to prevent thereby reduced. The plunger 7 of the coil 85 over-excitation of the generator fields when 3 is accordingly lowered1 thereby' causing,r short circuits, grounds orother troubles octhe contact mem-ber l() to approach the concur on the system and, in this way, prevent tact member 13. The contact member 13, high-voltage surges when the trouble is which isicarried by the lever 12. is vibrated cleared. into and ont of engagement with the termi` 90 The above, with further objects and adnal 10, due to the fluctuations of the cxvant-ages, will be hereinafter more fully dcciter voltage, and, by mason of the raising scribed and particularly pointed out in the of the contact member 10, the voltage of Hanns. thel exciter is increased and the field of the For full comprehension, however, of myi generator .ais strengthened. 95 invention, reference should be had to the ac- The foregoing briefli7 describes the well companying drawing,y forming a part of this 'known 'lirrill regulator wherein the altcrs)eciticatio'n` in. which similar reference hating-current voltage is regulated indicharacters,indicate the same partsand rectly by rapidly opening and closing a wherein the ninstallation of my improved shunt circuit across the exciter field rheoregulator is illustrated. stat. thus varying the exciter `voltage in In the drawing, I have shown a voltage ordcr to maintain the desired alternating` `regulator employed in connection with an current voltage.

alternating-current circuit 2 and a genera- The disadvantageif this regulator is that` tor at 2, such regulator comprising an aleven without an increased load on the main 105 ternatlng-current magnet 3 and a directcurcircuit, when trouble due 4to short circuits, rent magnet 4; f grounds,etc., develops on the system there The magnet 3 is provided with a dashpot is always a heavy flow of current and drop 3 and its Windingjs connect-cd across the in voltage to which the regulator responds generator mains through a transformer o.

and acts to over excite the generator field,

' and, as it takes some seconds .for the excita- .voltages on t e alternating-current circuit which damage insulators, transformers and other apparatus.

The mein featureof the present invention is the application of' an attachment to the above. described voltage regulator which, while permitting the regulator to operate in the usual manner upon an increase in load, at 4the same time prevents overexcitationof the generator fieldV when short' circuits, grounds, etc., occur and thereby valso pre- Vents high-voltage surges when the trouble is cleared.

To 'secure the 4above mentioned ativan-- tageous result, lever' 8 is provided with an extension I15 that is disposed beneath and inthe vertical path of a movable pin or projection 16, the position of which is controlled by solenoids 17 Vand 18. It is preferred to have such pin mounted upon and carried by one of. the cores 19 of the solenoids 17 and 18 such cores being linked togzeher at the top by a bar 20 pivoted at The. solenoids are controlled by a Kelvinbalanoe wattmeter compriging two pairs of 'fixed coils 37, 38 and 3 40 and movable coils 41 and 42 that are located be tween tllefixed coils and are mounted upon i a lever 43 having a pivot at 44. The movable-coil 41 is provided-with'a Contact 1nember 45 locatedbetween statlonary contact i "members 46 and 47 that are. respectively connected to terminals of the solenoids 17 and 18. A lead 48 from the solenoids 17 and 18V anda lead 49 from contact member 45 are bron ht t0 terminals 5() and 51 which are supplied from either an alternating or direct current constant potential circuit such, for instance, as from a battery. The coils 37, 38 and 3 9, 40 are connected by wires 23 so as to be controlled by al] cir cuits leaving the generator station. The arrangement of the fixed and movable coils is such that, with an increase in the power in the circuit, the coil 41 is repclled by coil 37 and attracted by coil 38 and, at the same time, coil 42 is repelled by coil 40 and attractedlby coil 39, the contact member 45 being thus forced against the member 47, while, when the power decreases, a spring 54, that is interposed between the levers 20 and 43,

. forces the contact member 45 against confafa tact member 46. WV hen trouble occurs and the powerI factor of the system decreases and the voltage drops, the wattmeter reads low and moves the contact member 45,:1gainstY contact member 46, thus energizing;r solenoid 17 and causing the core thereof and pin 16, which is carried thereby, to move downwardly. The pin 16 engages the extension 15 of the lever 8 and moves it downwardly from position A against the inuence of magnet 3 to raise it, to lower the excitation of the station. The more pronounced the' trouble the lower the excitation will become, until the lever 8-15 is forced down to' no-load position, as shown` by dot-ted lines at B, and when the fault on the system is cleared, the alternating current voltage will rise to its no load value untll such time as 'the load is built up again at the station. In

the sanie way, when the wattmeter, respondV ing to the variations in voltage of the alternating-current circuit, reads high, the 4con` tact 45 will be moved against contact 47 to energize solenoid 18 and raise nin 16, lever 8-15 being thifs permitted to be raised to tween the feeding circuitand the watt-meter.

The ampere meters are illustrated "'diagramniatically,and are so adjusted that, at a predetermined 'current passing through the power circuit, the position .of the pointer is such that it makes contact, the current taking the path of least resistance, that is, through the pointer, that portion of the cir-4 cuit connected with the current coils of the wattmeter being thus short circuited. This short circuiting of the wattmetcr coils causes the wattl'nctcr to read zero and, there fore, the regulator must give no-load excitation or lower if the regulator has been properly adjusted.

This attachment also prevents high voltage, due to failure ol connections to the reg-` ulator, for the reason that, if the circuit is interrupted on the alternating-current mag. net-3, lever 8-15 cannot rise, owing to pin 16, unless load comes on and, furthermore, my attachment prevents the jumping action of regulators when paralleling alternatingcurrent generators.

lVhat I claim is as follows:

1. In combination, a generator, a main circuit supplied by the generator, an exciter circuit or the generator, a regulator Vconnected to themain circuit for regulating the 4voltage of the exciter circuit, a wattmetcrconnected :to the main circuit andV circuit supplied by the generator, an exciter circuit for the generator, a regulator connectcd to the main circuit for regulating the voltage of the excitery circuit. a wattmeter connected to the main circuit andn adapted to control the regulator, and a coutacten'iaking.;r ampere meter for at times short circuiting certain of the coils of the wattmeter.

3. The combination with an electric cir cuit, `and a dynamo-electric machine associated therewith, of a regulator for varying the field excitation of the dynamo-electric niachine having a lever, a member normally perultting free movements of the said lever and adapted, under certain conditions, to limit the said movements, means for act|uat ing the said members, means responsive to the power traversing the said circuit for controlling the said actuating means, means interposed` between the said member and the said power-responsive. means whereby the former exercises an lnfluence upon the latter, and means responsive to the currenttraversing thesaid circuit for controlling the power-actuated means.

4. The combination with a supply circuit, and means comprising a regulator for governinrfg` the electrical conditions of the sup ply circuit, of auxiliary means comprising a plurality of electromagnet-s having armatures loosely connected to said regulator, and a wattmeter connected .to the supply circuit and serving,r to selectively energize said electromagnets for governingr the Voperation of said auxiliary means in a manner' to prevent the operation of the said regulator under abnormal supply-circuit conditions.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my A name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARCHIE FRANKLIN* MORAY. lVitnesses:

FRED. J. SEARS, HAROLD J. Sims,

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