US1390810A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

A. E. ossorm. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG- 7, I917- PatentedSept. 13,1921.

2 SHEETSFSHEET z.

A. E OSBORN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION HLED AUG. 1, 1911.

Patented Sept. 13, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IIIHI l UNITED STATES ALDEN 11" osnorm, or NEW Yonx, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Iletters latent. 1 Patented Sept. 13, 1921 Application filed Augnst 7, 1817.. Serial No. 184,793.

To all whom it may concern.-

leakage of the gas into the Be it known that I, A DEN E. OBBOIRN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of New York, Bronx county,

and State of New York, haveinvented cer-' tain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof. i My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has special reference'to en ines of the sleeve valve type.

?)ne object of my invention is to 'rovide an engine having a simple and reliab e valve mechanism that shall possess the advantages incident to the use of a lar e inlet port located near the outer end oft e piston stroke,

and at the same time avoid the disadvantages 7 resulting from the production of a relatively high vacuum during that-part of the suction stroke before this port is opened.

Another object is to provide against leakage of gas from the cylinder into the main inlet port, by arranging a sleeve-passage e and relation ofthe s eve movement to the movement of the piston, in such a way thatthe passage through the sleeve is not only below the inlet port in the cylinder at each alternate outward stroke of the piston, but is below the top of the engine piston as well giving a double sealing effect against the inletport. A further object is to rovide an engine having intake ports of re atively large area at widely distributed points in the engine cylinder.

In order that m invention may be thor oughly understoo I will now proceed to describe the same in the following specification, and then point out the novel features thereof in appended claims;

Referring to the dra'wings: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through one of the cylinders and the crank case, of

an internal combustion engine, arranged and p constructed in accordance with my invention, and constituting an embodiment thereof, the parts being shown in'the positions occupied at the end of the working stroke. Fig. 2 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, of a slightly modified structure which also embodies m invention, the arts in this case being siown in the positions occupied at the end of the suction stroke.

Engines embodying my invention may of course be-made with one or-more cylinders, but only one is illustrated andthiswill-be suflicient to: make the construction and operation clear.

H '10 designates the cylinder of the engine having an exhaust port 11 and an inlet port 12, both of which ports are shown as crossed by suitable bridges for connecting the ad- 'jacent parts of the cylinder together. Withinthe cylinder isa sleeve valve 13 having an exhaust passage 14, and an intake passage 15, which passages are also both crossed by connecting bridges between the adjacent parts of the sleeve. Within the sleevevalve operates the piston 16 which is attached by a connecting rod 17 to a crank shaft 19.

This is operatively connected by a pinion 20 and gear- 21 to the valve crank shaft 22 I which runs at one-half the speed of the crank shaft 19. I

The sleeve 13 has a projection'23 at the lower end which is o'peratively connected to the valve crank shaft 22 by a connecting.

rod 24.

26 designates the crank case,'27 the cylinder head, 28 the intake manifold, and 29 the carbureter.

The head 27 has a cooling chamber 30 and extends into the end of the cylinder 10 and into the sleeve 13 in a well known manner. The head is provided with a spark plug 31 and has an inlet v puppet valve 33. his valve inthe structure of Fig. 1, is .held on its seat by a spring 34 except when it is opened by the suction produced by the movement of the engine iston.

The manifold 28 has a branch 35 which forms a passage to the inlet port 32, the

the manifold being directly con- .of large area and the passage 15 in the sleeve 13.

In the arrangement of Fig. 1, the puppet ort 32 controlled by aated by a rod 42. This rod has an enlarge-- ment 43 at its lower end which is actuated by a cam projection 44 on the valve crank shaft 22.

Considering first the engine shown in Fig.

1, if it is assumed that the engine is operating, the parts being shown at the end of the working stroke, with the sleeve passages 15 below the top of the piston, the next half revolution of the crank shaft which corresponds to the exhaust stroke, produces a quarter revolution of the valve crank shaft, the arrangement being such that theburnt gases are forced out through the exhaust port 11 which is finallyshut at or near the end of the stroke.

During the next half revolution of the crank shaft 19 which corresponds to the suction stroke, the sleeve valve 13 is moved still farther in an inward direction bringing the parts into the position shown in Fig. 2, at the end of the stroke with the passage 14 well above the exhaust port 11. During the first part of the stroke the intake port 12 and the passage 15 are covered by the piston so that a partial vacuum is produced in the cylinder and the valve 33 is automatically opened in opposition to the spring 34.

\Vhen the main inlet port- 12 1s uncovered the pressure is equalized by the admission of more explosive mixture and the valve 33 closed by the spring 34.

The arrangement thus provldes for vthe admission of fuel at widely separated points in the cylinder, viz., in the cylinder head and near the outer end of the piston'stroke.

Attention is directed to the fact that the spring 34 need not 'be made very strong even if the motor is to operate at hi speeds because the inlet opening near t e end of the stroke is large and quickly equalizes the pressure and permits'the valve to shut. However, if it is found desirable to utilizea stronger spring, it is not necessary to depend on the suction of the engine piston and some suitable actuating mechanism may be utilized such, as, for example, that shown in Fig. 2.

With this arrangement the cam projection 44 actuates the valve 33 during each suction stroke of the engine before the main inlet port 12 is opened.

Attention is also directed to the fact that the sleeve valve and the inlet valve 33 in the arrangement of Fig. 2 are both controlled and actuated by the valve crank shaft 22.

It will be noticed that by having the inlet port 12 and exhaust port 11 extend practically around the entire circumference of through the intermediate the cylinder (except for bridges where needed) an exceedingly quick opening large port area for the'passage of the gas is provided, thus reducing the power loss and heating of the parts through wire drawing of the gas which occurs with small slow opening ports and making warping or burning of the parts less likely than where heating is more localized at one side because of the ports being less symmetrically arranged. It is obvious, however, that the circumferential arrangement of the ports is not essential to the operation of my invention and that one or both ports may be arranged to enter the cylinder at one sideonly if desired.

Other structural modifications may be eifected within the spirit and scope of my invention, and I intend only such limitations asare imposed by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a reciprocatory piston therein, an. inlet port in said cylinder near the outer end of the pistons stroke, a cylinder head having an inlet port, a valve for the cylinder head port, and a reciprocatory valve for controlling the inlet port near the end of the pistons stroke, operatively connected with the piston whereby it is moved' over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and through the intermediate parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a reciprocatory piston, a main inlet and an exhaust port in said cylinder, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, a piston adapted to cooperate with the sleeve valve in opening said main inlet port, a cylinder head having an auxiliary inlet portadapted to be'opened in advance of the'ma-in inlet port, means for controlling the opening and closing of said auxiliary inlet port independently of the sleeve valve, and means for operating said sleeve valve from the piston to cause the sleeve valve to 'move over one extreme of its travel during the compresslonstroke of the piston, to move over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston.

3. An internal combustion engine com" prising a cylinder having a main inlet and an exhaust port, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, a cylinder head having an auxiliary inlet valve independent of the sleeve valve adapted to open early in the suction stroke, a spring for closing said auxiliary valve and means for operatively connecting the sleeve and piston to cause the sleeve to pass over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass through the intermediate parts .of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston.

4. An internal combustion engine com prising a piston, a cylinder in which said piston operates and provided with an inlet port disposed near the outer end of the piston stroke, a sleeve valve controlling said inlet port and operatively connected with the piston, a second inlet port disposed in the head of the cylinder, a valve independ' ent of the sleeve valve controlling said inlet port in the head of the cylinder and operating to relieve the partial vacuum in back of the piston on the suction stroke prior to the uncovering of the inlet port at the outer end of the piston stroke, and

an inlet manifold branched to supply charges to both the valved inlet port at the outer end of the piston stroke and the separately valved inlet port in the head of the cylinder.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having a main inlet port nea the outer end of the piston stroke, a cylinder head having an inlet valve, aspring for closing the inlet valve in the cylinder head, a sleeve valve, and a piston adapted to cooperate with the sleeve valve for controlling said main inlet port and operatively connected with the sleeve valve to cause said sleeve valve to move over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to move over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to move through the intermedlate parts of-its travel during the suction an power strokes of the piston.

6. An internal combustion engine com prising a cylinder having a main inlet and an ex aust port, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, a piston, a-cylinder head having an auxiliary valve, means for open ing said valveearly in the suction stroke and means for operatively connecting the sleeve and piston to cause the sleeve to pass over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass through the intermediate parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston.

7. An internal combustionengine comprisingl a cylinder having a main inlet and an ex aust port, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, a cylinder head having an auxiliary inlet valve and adapted to 0 en early in the suction stroke, means for c osing the valve" near the end of the suction stroke, a piston, and means for operatively .8. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having a pair of widely separated inlet ports, a sleeve valve for controllin one of said ports, a puppet valve for controfiing the other port, and a sin le valve crank shaft arranged to actuate 0th the sleeve and puppet valve so that the sleeve is caused to pass over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass through the intermediate parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston so, that the puppet valve is opened during the suction stroke of the piston. I y

9. An -internal combustion engine comprising a piston, a cylinder having an inlet port near each end of the piston stroke, a puppet valve adapted to close the port near one end of the cylinder, a spring for holding the puppet valve on its seat, a sleeve valve for controlling in conjunction with the piston, the inlet port near the opposite end of the cylinder, a valve crank shaft operatively connected to actuate the sleeve valve to cause said sleeve to pass 'over' one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass through the intermediate parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston,

and a cam on the valve crank shaft operatively connected to the puppet valve whereby the pn pet valve is opened during the suction stroke of the piston.

10. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shaft actuated by the motion of said piston, a main inlet port entering the cylinder through the side thereof, an auxiliary inlet port, and an exhaust port, a fuel inlet member communicating with both of said inlet ports, a reciprocatory main valve for controlling the opening and closing of both the main inlet port and the exhaust ort, means for actuating said main valve rom said crank shaft to cause said valve to pass over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass controlling the opening and closing ofthe auxiliary inlet port.

11. An internal combustion engine com-' exhaust port, means for actuating said main valve from said crank shaft to cause said valve to pass over one extreme of its travel during the compression stroke of the piston, to pass over the other extreme of its travel during the exhaust stroke of the piston and to pass through the intermediate-parts of its travel during the suction and power strokes of the piston, and an auxiliary inlet valve operating independently of the main.

valve for controllin the opening and closing of the auxiliary init port.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising a piston,=a cylinder in which said piston operates provided with an inlet port disposed near the end of the outward stroke ofthe piston and a second inlet port disposed in the end of the cylinder, a sleeve valve controlling one of said inlet ports and operatively connected with the piston, and

a second valve controlling the other inlet port independently of the sleeve valve.

'13. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a sleeve valve between the cylinder and piston, a cylinder head provided with a passage opening into the cylinder and with a port in said passage, an independent valve controlling said port, an inlet port in the cylinder controlled bythe piston and sleeve valve for admitting an additional charge into the cylinder substantially at the termination of the outward stroke of the piston, an exhaust port in the cylinder, and an exhaust port in the sleeve for controlling said cylinder ex haust ort.

14:. 11 internal combustion engine comprising a piston, a cylinder constructed with a single opening through its wall near the inner end of the piston stroke and an inlet port near the outer end of the piston stroke, a sleeve valve in said cylinder and between said cylinder and said piston, an admission valve independent of the said sleeve valve, said sleev valve being arranged to be moved over and to close said single opening in the cylinder wall during the compression and power strokes of the piston, and an inlet port in the sleeve adapted to cooperate with the inlet port in the cylinder and being covered by the said piston at the end of the exhaust stroke and above the said piston at the end of the suction stroke.

15. An internal combustion engine comprising a piston, a cylinder having an exhaust port near. the inner end of the pistons stroke and an inlet port near the outer end of the pistons stroke, a sleeve valve in said cylinder and between said cylinder and the said piston," an inverted head extending within the sleeve valve at the inner end thereof, an admission valve in the cylinder head independent of the sleeve, an exhaust port near the inner end of the sleeve adapted to cooperate with the exhaust port in the cylinder and being lapped by said cylinder head durin the compression and power strokes of t e piston, and an inlet port in sleeve adapted to cooperate with the inlet port in the cylinder and being covered by said piston at the end of the exhaust stroke and above said piston at the end of the suction stroke. I -16. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a sleeve valve between the cylinder and piston, a cylinder head extending into said sleeve, said cylinder head being constructed to form a passageinto the cylinder, a hollow circumferential chamber between said passage and the exterior of said head adjacent to said sleeve and adapted to contain a cooling medium, a port at the inner end of said passage, an independent valve for controlling the opening and closing of said port to i admit explosive charge into said passage at each alternate outward stroke of the piston, me ns within said passage for igniting the com ustible charge in the passage, an inlet port in the cylinder controlled by said piston and said sleeve through which an additional charge is admitted into the cylinder at the termination of each of said alternate outward strokes of the piston, an exhaust port in the cylinder, and an exhaust port in the sleeve adapted to cooperate with the exhaust port and to be lapped by said cylinder head during the compression and power strokes of the piston whereby the leakage of the gases from the combustion chamber to said cylinder exhaust port can only occur through the passage of these gases by' the inner end of said head between said head and said sleeve.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder provided with an inlet port in the side thereof, a crank shaft, a reciprocating piston, a connecting rod havin a bearing on said crank shaft and on said piston, a member geared to said crank shaft to revolve at one-half the speed thereof and having an eccentric portion thereon,

a reciprocating sleeve valve controlling the cylinder inlet port, a second connecting rod having a bearing on said eccentric portion of said member and on said sleeve valve and an intake valve in the head of the cylinder independent of the sleeve valve controlled inlet.

18. An internal combustion engine comprising a c linder, a combustion chamber at one end 0 said cylinder, a valve adjacent said combustion chamber to control the admission of a part of the explosive charge to said chamber, a sleeve valve within the cylinder, a reclprocatony piston within the sleeve valve, an exhaust passage through the wall of said cylinder adjacent to said combustion chamber, a second passage through the wall of said cylinder adjacent the outer end of the piston stroke, an inlet port in said sleeve valve also adjacent to the outer end of said piston stroke and means for mechani cally connecting said plston and said sleeve valve, whereby the sleeve valve is moved outwardly in said cylinder to open the exclose the said exhaust passa e and to open its inlet port into the cylin er by the said pis'tons head over-running said port as the piston reaches the end of its next outward stroke and whereby the sleeve valve is moved past the innermost point of its stroke-during 'the succeeding inward stroke of the piston.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my. h-andthis 26 day of Jul 1917.

ALDEN OSBORN.

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