US1388218A - Combined typewriting and computing machine - Google Patents

Description

E. THOMAS.

COMBINED TYPEWRITINGKAND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0m23.191s.

E. THOMAS.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 23| I9I8.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. THOMAS.

COMBINED TYPEwRmNC AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.23,19|8.

1,388,218. Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

by M' E. THOMAS.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED DEC. 23. I9I8. 1,388,218.

Patented Aug. 23

- UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD THOMAS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR To UNDERJWOOD'OOMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OE NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

Application led December 23, 1918. Serial No. 267,977.

mechanism, or devices for effecting whatisknown as algebraic computations in such machines, viz., computations in which both positive and negative numbers are computed and in which theresults to be registered and read from the totalizer may vary from positive to --negative and vice versa. The invention is herein disclosed as applied to an Underwood addendagraph, one-form of .which isv disclosed in the application of Henry L. Pitman, No, 81,574, filed March 2, 1916 (now Patent No. 1,345,102, dated June 29, 1920), and another form of which is disclosed in the application of Henry L. Pit-A man, No. 186,098, filed August 14, 1917 (now Patent No. 1,345,460, dated July 6, 1920).

In addendagraphs and machines of that general character, the typewriter carriage usually causes a totalizer to travel along past the master wheel, which is adapted to compute by turning computing wheels within the totalizer either additively or subtractively, the numbers computedlbeing those written by the numeral keys of the typewriter. In the addendagraph, the master wheel is usually key-driven, and the totalizerl comprises numeral wheels which may be connected to the carry-over mechanism, and, in the improvement herein disclosed, the numeral wheels either carry two sets of numerals or else carry numerals for addition only, and may have constantly geared thereto another set of numeral wheels to be used in reading negative numbers only. The totalizer, as herein disclosed, is provided with a shutter mechanism, which normally permits the wheelsto show positive numbers, but, which, when the machine begins to compute numbers below zero, shows nega-tive numbers. Inasmuch as the positive digits displayed by the wheels are indicated as bearing such a relationship to the digits displayed by the negative wheels that one set of digits is complementary to the other (the complement being computed to'base nine), means have to be provided for correcting the reading by the the insertion of an eXtra unit on the units wheel when passing through zero, that is to say, when passing from positive to negative numbers, or from negative numbers to positive numbers.v This unit is known as the fugitive unit. If this unit turns the units wheel through zero, the ensuing carrying-over must be provided for.

In a master-wheel machine, this adding of the fugitive unit may be advantageously effected by the operation of the master wheel, but, inasmuch as the totalizer may pass though zero when the master Wheel is turning some other wheel than the units wheel, some provision then has to be made to enable the master wheel to add the fugitive unit only whenit engages the units wheel. According to the present invention, this control of adding the fugitive unit is effected by the settingA of a special driving mechanism in such a manner that the mechanism will become effective on the master wheel when the master wheel engages the units computing wheel, but not until then.

Besides this, the master wheel may turn the computing wheelsthrou h zero when turning the units wheel itsel with the result that the fugitive unit may best be added at that time. This happens under such circumstances as the subtracting of 8 from 4 in the units place. Inasmuch as the carry-over mechanism of the addendagraph is connected tothe escapement mechanism, the special driving mechanism is connected in such away that the master wheel makes the extra turn to insert the fugitive unit when in the units position, even ifthe turning ofthe master wheel in that position turns the totalizer through zero, thus avoiding any special operation of the carry-over mechanism.

In the form herein illustrated, the means a-dapted to effect this include the usual reciprocating rack of the addendagraph which is operated by the numeral keys, and this rack is adapted to be held in position to turn the master wheel until after all carryingover is completed. With this structure, the adding of the fugitive unit may be taken care of, even if the master wheel turns the totalizer through zero in inserting the last Ias unit ofa digit which is being inserted in the units place. Thelconnections, however, are advantageously such that the rack is advanced to insert the fugitive unit upon the initial stroke of the numeral key in the units place, if the totalizer has already passed through zero in inserting a digit upon a higher wheel of the totahzer.

In order to insert this fugitive unit, there is utilized the usual rock shaft which extends from the right-hand side of the addendagraph toward the master wheel. This shaft may be severed so that there may be inserted between the ends of the shaft a driving device, which is adapted to rotate the master-wheel end of the shaft one digitspace relatively to the other half, whenever the fugitive unit is to be inserted. This is herein shown as effected by a powerful driving spring so formed as-to work with eX- ceeding rapidity.

In order to take off the keys the load of restoring this spring, there is herein shown the spring as retensioned by the travel of the carriage; and to minimize the load on the carriage-spring drum, it is provided that the spring shall be retensioned only upon the return stroke of the carriage after writin a number.

ther features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a sectional side view, largely diagrammatic, of a-n Underwood addendagraph, showing my invention as applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a similar side view, on a larger scale, of the parts immediately Vadjacent the master wheel, showing their relation to the totalizer.

Fig. 3 is a similar view, taken' at a point just to the right of the master wheel.

Figjll is a front View of the parts seen in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of a detail of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the totalizer-shutters having shifted to the opposite limit of their, throw, the shutters thrown to display the negative wheels, and the trip set to be ready -to cause the adding of the unit. i

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the mechanism set to add the unit.

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, justy after the adding of the fugitive unit.

Fifr. 9l is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showlng the rack in its return stroke,`and the driving pawl through which the fugitive-unit driving spring works in the act of being released.

Fig. 10 is a greatly enlarged perspective view of the feeler and the arm by which it trips the mechanism to add the unitfr` In the usual Underwood addendagr'aph of a kind sold on the market, numeral keys l and alphabet keys 2, when depressed, carry down their levers 3 and 4, to swing typebars 5 upwardly and rearwardly against the platen 6, which is rotatably mounted in the carriage-shift-frame 7, with the result that types 8 print upon v a work-sheet passed around the platen. The carriage 9, in which the shift-frame 7 is carried, is drawn along rails, including a rear rail 10, by means of a spring-barrel 11,which constantly tends to draw it to the left. The carriage is controlled by the usual feeding and holding dogs 12 and 13, which are adapted to alternately engage the usual escapement wheel 14, because they are carried rearwardly by means of the universal bar 15, which is acted on by the heels 16 on the type-bars 5, as the latter approach the platen. The escapement wheel 14 is connected to the usual pinion 17 meshing with theusual rack 18.

henever a numeral key 1 is depressed,

it not only prints by means of its type 8, but it may act to turn the master wheel 19, with the result that the master wheel will turn any computing wheel 20 with which it happens to be in mesh at the moment; the computing wheels forming part of a totalizer 21, which is adjustably mounted upon the front bar 22 of an adding-machine carriage-frame, connected by means of brackets 23 to the typewriter carriage 9. The computing wheels are journaled upon a shaft 24, and each computing wheel is constantly in mesh with its own dial wheel 25, which is journaled on its shaft 25a and is adapted to display positive numbers. For the purpose of displaying negative numbers, each dial wheel 25 is herein illustrated as constantly in mesh with a negative dial wheel 26 journaled on a shaft 26a.

For the purpose of turning the master wheel 19, each numeral key 1 in the addendagraph is provided with an indexing camplate 27, said cam-plates having cut therein differentially shaped indexing cams 28. In the usual addendagraph, there is a cam 28 for each of the numeral keys except the zero key. According to the present disclosure of my invention, I also provide a cam-plate 27 for the zero key, which has a substantially straight slot 28 in it for a purpose which will hereinafter appear. In order to facilitate the proper action of the fugitiveunit-driving mechanism, the cams 28 are herein disclosed as double cams, so that they positively hold the usual bail 29, by which they differentially actuate the master wheel 19. It is altogether likely in some forms of the mechanism that the form of cam-plates shown in said application No. 186,098 may be found advantageous.

Whenever any numeral key 1 is depressed, its cam-slot 28 rocks the bail 29 by which the usual stirrup 30 actuates the rocking frame 31, thereby drawing down on the usual link 32, which is pivoted not only to the frame 31 but also at 33 to a rock arm 34 on a transverse shaft 35. As herein disclosed, the rock arm 34 extends forwardly from the shaft 35, with the result that every time a numeral key is depressed, said shaft rocks forwardly, and, through connections, most of which in many respects are similar to the usual addendagraph connections, drives a rack bar 36 forwardly by means of a connecting rod 37, which latter is thrust forwardly by a rock arm 38 fast on a shaft 39, said shaft 39 being connected so that it always rocks with the shaft but in the opposite direction. The connections between t-he rack 36 and the master wheel 19 include a pinion 40 with which the rack is normally.

. tion or subtraction. `If desired, the pinion 42 may be splined on the master-wheel shaft, as set forth in the Pitman application No. 213,279, filed January 23, 1918 (now Patent No. 1,345,877, dated July 6, 1920).

The connections so far described provide that when a numeral key 1 is depressed and the link 32 is drawn down, the rack 36 goes forward and turns the master wheel 19 either forwardly or backwardly, depending on the setting of the pinion 41 and certain mechanism associated with said last-named pinion. When the rack 36 reaches the end of its stroke, it remains in mesh with the pinion until removed therefrom by the actuation of the universal bar 15. To effect such removal, the rock frame 44, upon which the rear end of the universal bar, is supported, has 4a downwardly extending` tail 45, which, by means of a pin-and-slot connection 46, is adapted to rock a shaft 47, having a rock arm 48, forming part of the pin-and-slot connection 46. This rock shaft 47 is adapt-ed to remove the rack 36 from the pinion 40, and to accomplish this it is provided with a second rock arm 49, which is adapted to thrust forwardly a link 50, which, in a vmanner set forth in detail in the aforesaid applications, rocks forwardly an arm 51 on a shaft 52 so th'at a second and downwardly extending rock arm 53 on.

.to that described in the aforesaid applications, is adapted to lower the rack 36 by rocking rearwardly a pair of bell-crank arms `56 and 57, thereby moving downwardly the diagrammatically in Fig. 3. The purpose for this dwell will appear later.

For the purpose of carry-over, the usual Underwood addendagraph carry-over devices are utilized substantially in the form shown in the aforesaid applications, in which there is provided a series of carryover wheels 60, journaled on a shaft 61,

(Fig. 4), in line with the master-wheel shaft, so that the teeth of the computing wheels when carried along by the carriage mesh with the corresponding teeth of the carry-over wheels 60. Inasmuch as the details of the carry-over mechanism are fully described in said applications, the details will not be set'forth at this time, but it is pointed out that the carry-over wheels 60 are held alined by detents 62 having V- shaped points journaled on a shaft 63 and provided with tails 64 (Fig. 3), so that the detents beginning with the right-hand may be alined seramm by means of the usual wiper cam 65, which is fast on the shaft 54. This wiper cam is adapted to force the V- shaped points of the detents in between the teeth of the carry-over wheels 60, thus positively alining them.

For the purpose of covering up the set of numerals, positive or negative, which should not be read, there is shown hereinra pair of linked shutters 66 and 67 journaled, respectively, on the shafts 25a and 26a, one of the shutters always covering the opening 68 or the opening 69 in the casing 70 of the totalizer, through which openings the respective dial wheels 25l and 26 are read. To operate the shutters, the highest dial wheel 25 is fast to the'left end of the shutter 66, so that when the left-hand wheel 25 turns from 0 to 9, it will carry the shutter across the opening 68 and by means of a link 71, pivoted to both the shutters, will swing the shutter 67, so that the numerals may be read on the dial wheels 26. Since the nu- 4 merals are so arranged on the two sets of dial wheels. that if numerals could be read through both the openings 68 and 69 for the same lpair of dial wheels at thel same time, the pairs of numbers would add to 9, the swinging of the shutter in going from positive to negative numbers will display the complementary numbers, thus displaying to a typist the negative number, subject to the error of 1, known as the fugitive unit.

It is to correct this error that the shaft 35 is interrupted and is adapted to turn in the opposite direction from the shaft 39, since this turning' in the opposite direction enables a simple mechanism to be intera posed for adding a unit to correct the error. rlhe swinging of the shutters not only opens and closes the appropriate openings, but it also positions a tripping arm 72, which is adapted to control the addition of 1 to correct the error just mentioned, this error being known as that of the fugitive unit.

rllhe tripping arm 72 is Anear the right- `hand end of the totalizer and is adapted to swin from the osition seenin F iOs. 2 and 3,- to the position seen in Figs. 6 and 7.`

F ig. 3 may be regarded as showing'the parts in normal positive or plus position, in which position the tripping arm 72 in its travel just clears an end 73 of a. feeler 74, which is adapted to control the insertion oi. the fugitive unit. If a number has been subtracted from the totalizer by the master wheel before the master wheel reaches the units position, and that number is large enough to create a minus quantity in the totalizer, the insertion of the number swings the shutter, so the arm 72 will thereby be swung from its Fig. 3 position to its Fig. 6 position. In this position a second arm 75 of the feeler 74 sta-nds in the path of the arm 72, with the result that when the totalizer feeds into units position, the arm 72 cams downwardly the arm 75 'of the feeler 74, thereby swinging a double cam 76 fast thereto, to strike aI cam projection 77 of a tripping arm 78, with the result that said tripping arm will release a driving spring 79. presently to be described, to drive the rack bar 36 a distance of one unit and thereby add the fugitive unit.

The tripping arm 78 is pivoted on the actuator-frame at 80, and is provided with a j hook 81, by which it normally engages a pin 82,. thereby holding a plate 83, on which the spring 79 draws. Raising the hook 81- releases said plate 83, so that the spring 79 would actuate the plate toinsert the unitif it were not for a holding arm 84.-, the action of which. will presently be described. The holding arm 84 comprises an extension 84a, which normally underlies a lug 841 on the plate 83 and is provided in order that the rack bar 36 may not be actuated by the driving spring 79 until the typewriter carriage comes to rest with the master wheel at the units position.

For this'purpose, the holding arm 84 is connected to a shaft 85, which also carries a locking arm or dog 86 by which the carriage is locked against feeding, said arm This spring is adapted, in a manner` 186,098, being adapted to engage with a locking rack 87 upon the typewriter carriage.

For operating the shaft 85, the numeral k'eys are utilized; and for this purpose, each of the cam plates 27 (including the cam plate for the zero key) is provided with an upwardly and forwardly extending cam edge 88,0verlying a\bail 89, which in some forms of the mechanism may be utilized as a locking bail to engage the key levers by hooks (not shown herein). Since the cam edges 88 slope rearwardly, the depression of any key causes the cam to rock the bail 89 forwardly around a shaft 90, on which it is carried by arms 91 and 92, with the result that the upper end of the arm 92 will carry a follower 93 thereon forwardly in a cam slot 94, said cam slot being formed in a rockV arm 95, which is fast on the locking rock shaft 85, aforesaid. The connections therefore are such that, while a numeral key is depressed, the carriage cannot travel, and therefore if the rack bar 36 is driven at a key depression, it turns the master wheel while the master wheel is in proper mesh with the computing wheel 20. Therefore, if the spring 79 is effective at any time to drive the rack bar to add the fugitive unit, the dog 86 then necessarily locks the carriage against feeding.

Forthe purpose ofv turning the shaft 39 relatively to the shaft 35 to add the fugitive unit, there is provided, between the two shafts, a rocking U frame 96, of which the swing plate 100 forms apart. The plate 100 may be regarded as an extension of the U frame beyond the shaft 39 on which said plate as well as the plate 83 is journaled. The other' arm 97 of the U frame is journaled on the shaft 35. To utilize this U frame for adding the unit when it is rocked by the s ring 79, there are provided beveled gears 97); and 98 fast on the ends of the shafts 35 and 39, where they nearly meet each other, said beveled gears being constantly in mesh with a beveled gear 99, which is journaled on the U frame. It will be observed that these provide a system of connections, whereby when the shaft 35 is rocked, the shaft 39 is necessarily rocked in the opposite direction,- and when the shaft 35 is held fixed, the rocking of the U frame will rock thebeveled gear 99 around the axes of the shafts 35 and 39, with the result that the shaft 39 will be advanced relatively to the shaft 35.

In order to p rovide for the proper actuation of the U frame 96 and to permit it to be returned at the proper time, without putting an objectionable load on any part, the spring 79 is not attached directly to the plate 100, but is attached to the swin plate 83, said `swing plate having pivoted t ereon at 101 a pawl 102, which 1s adapted to en-v gage a tooth 103 on the plate 100, with the result that when the spring'79 is free to draw down the swing plate 83, it will draw down with it, through the pawl 102, the plate 100, and thereby swing the U frame. The holding pin 82 is likewise on the swing plate 83. These connections, it will be observed, make it possible for the spring 79 to be made effective to swing the U frame, even though the shutter 67 `swings the arm 72, while the master wheel is turning the units computing wheel, since, at that time, the holding arm 84 is free of the lug 84b on swing plate 83, and any actuation of the feeler 74 willcause the hook 81 to free the pin 82, thereby enabling the spring 79 to rock the U frame and add the necessary 1.

.and to cam them downwardly.

This causes the rack bar 36 to be thrust forwardly by the spring 79. Moreover, the unit is added properly, even though the shutter is moved by the master wheel when in units position and effects a carry-over all the way from the units position'up to the highest position, since, as above described, the rack bar 36 is held in mesh with the pinion 40 by the dwell of the cam 55, until after the carry-over is completed. The wiper cam 65, by eliminating the spiral, gives a practically positive drive to the shutter 66 and consequently to the arm 72. In order to enable these operations to take place smoothly, the feeler arms 73 and 75 are provided with camming faces 73a and`75a, so that as the typewriter carriage feeds along, the arm 72 will cam them easily downwardly, and the arm 72 is thick enough s0 that if it swings while the carriage is standing at units position, the arm 72 will slip over the upper surface 7 8a of the arms 73 y The cam projection 77 of the catch arm 78 may be so formed as to be caused to slightly overthrow the feeler 74 when the arm 78 is permitted tobe returned to normal position by the upwardtension of the spring 96a, thereby making sure that` the carriage on its return stroke will not cause the arm 72 to rengage that one of the arm ends 73 or 75 with which it last made contact.

In order to return the rack bar 36 to its normal position during the up-stroke of the key, the U frame 96'is drawn; back to its normal position by means of a light spring 104, thus restoring the original relation of the shafts 35 and 39. To permit this to be done, the driving'pawl 102 is provided with an upstanding tail 105, which is adapted to be struck lby an upstanding rock arm 106 connected to the shaft 107, by which the followers 55a raise or lower rack bar 36,

with the result that when the pawl 102 has been carried downwardly, it stands in the path. of the arm 106. T0 connect the arm 106 to the shaft 107, the usual parallel mo-A tion linkage 107a connected to the bell cranks 56 and 57 is utilized, the arm 106 being. fast to the bell crank 57. The rocking of the shaft 107 to lower the rack bar 36 then rocks arms 106 forwardly, causing it to strike the tail 105, so that the pawl 102 is rocked thereby clearof the tooth 103, thus permitting the spring 104 to restore the U shaft frame. The pawl-tail 105 and the arm 106 have their ends made small enough to permit the arm 106 to normally lie clear of the tail 105, so that normally the arm 106 rocks idly.

In order to restore the driving plate 83, and in that way retension the spring 79, there is provided a rock arm 107b connected by means of a link 108 to a stud 109 on the driving plate 83, said rock arm being adapted to be operated by the return stroke of the carriage herein. vTo effect this, the rock arm computing position of the totalizer 21 willy effectively retension the spring 79. When the spring 79 is thus retension'ed, a spring 115 (Fig. 2) draws the driving pawl 102 in place behind the tooth 103, so that the mechanism is ready for another operation. The arm 84 is connected by means of a pin-andslot connection 116 to the shaft 85, and is vnormally drawn toward effective position by means of a spring 117, (Fig. 2), so that the' spring permits the arml to rest idly against the edge of the lug 84b while the plate 100 is depressed.

In order to limit the throw of the U frame 96, there is provided on the actuator-casing a stop 118 which limits its downward throw under the tension of the spring 7 9. To limit its throw in the opposite direction, thereis provided a second stop 119 against which a forwardly-extending lug 120 on the bail portion of the U frame is adapted to strike.

In order to hold the computing wheels in the totalizer normally locked against accidental turning, there is provided a bail 121 journaled on the ends of the shaft 25a, and which is adapted to seat itself between the teeth of the dial wheel 26. In order to release this locking bail to enable the dial wheels to be turned by the usual releasing arm 122, the bail has one arm prolonged at 123 to a pin-and-slot connection 124, where it is connected to a bell-crank 125 having a downwardly-extending arm 126. adapted to be struck by the releasing armf 122, aforesaid. The releasing arm 122 is operated by an arm 127 fast on the shaft 85, and, by

Y means of a bail 128, it is effective on the carry over mechanism substantially in a manner described in the prior applications aforesaid. In Order to prevent the feeler 74 from being accidentally jarred out of place while the arm 78 is clear of it, there may be provided a very light detent 129 having pro- `jections130 adapted to seat themselves in a corresponding opening in the fe'eler.

In order to illustra-te the sequence of operations, the following examples of the working of the device are given. `With the totalizer standing at O, the number 40 may be inserted. For convenience, the wheels 25 will be termed the positive wheels, and the insertion of 40 turns the.

tens wheel 25 to 4. The corresponding negative wheel 26 is correspondingly turned,

but this may be ignored for the present, since that wheel is concealed by the shutter 67. If the typist now subtracts 8 in the tens place, the tens wheel 25 turns backwardly through 0,'thereby causing all the higher wheels 25 to read 9. This shifts the shutter 66 and causes it to cover up the Wheels 25, and,at the same time, the shutter 67 displays the negative wheels 26. The ngative wheels now show the reading 39, since the negative wheels are so geared to the positive wheels that when any positive wheel shows 0, its negative wheel shows 9. The reading 39 requires the correction by adding the fugitive unit to the 9 in units place. The shifting of the shutter shifted the arm 72 from the Fig. 3-posi tion to the Fig. 6 position. When the typewriter carriage now feeds along to the units place at the rising of the numeral key, it causes the arm 72 to cam down the end 75 of the feeler 74, thereby moving the hook 81 to released position. Upon the depression of a type-key to print the numeral 0, the cam 88, by the connections previously described, swings the holding arm 84 clear'of its lug 84", thereby allowing the spring 79 to .rotate the shaft 39 to insert the fugitive unit, in this way correcting the reading 39 The first stage in this correction is to turn the units wheel to read 0 instead of 9, and this turning causes a carry-over onto the tens wheel to cause the tens wheel to read 4, the carry-over, if necessary, being completed by the carry-over detent 62. This gives the correct reading von the negative wheels. Upon return of the carriage, the spring 79, is retensioned bythe cam4 111.

In finishing an operation of writing a statement, it is customary to subtract out the total shown in the totalizer so .as to bring the wheels to 0. The typist can now do this subtraction in the ordinary manner, bringing the negative wheels -to 0. It is immaterial that the negative wheels are i brought to O, since upon writing the next number, if it is a positive one, the fugitive sary correction thereto by the addition of the fugitive unit, the arm 72 this time being in the F ig. 3 position, so that the operation of adding the fugitive unit is repeated as just described, except that the arm 72 is effective on the fe'eler arm 73 and the cam 76 is effective on the projection 77 of the arm 78 in the reverse direction. This, nevertheless, raises the hook 81 with the same effect as before.

F or another example, the typist may insert the digit 4 in the units position on the positive wheels 25. The typist may then subtract 8 in the units position, thereby effecting a carry-over to turn all the higher positive wheels 25 to read 9. This makes the shutter 66 effective and causes the shutter 67 to become ineffective, thereby displaying the negative wheels 26. Since the digit 8 is inserted in the units position, the arm 72 which was positioned as shown in Fig. 3, when the positive numbers appeared, is shifted by the shifting of the shutter to the F ig. 6 position, thereby immediately camming down the end 75 of the feeler, so that the feeler immediately releases the hook 81. This frees the plate 100 because the shaft 85 was swung at the initial depression of the 8 key, and, therefore, the spring 79 immediately becomes effective to turn the shaft 39 the eXtra unit, and this is added to the movement of the rack 36 before the rack 36 completes its movement. Even if the parts are loose, owing to Wear, so that the carryover has to be completed by the carry-over detents 62 under the influence of the wiper cam 65, the fugitive unit is nevertheless added properly, because vall the detents 62 are properly lined up, thereby positively moving the arm 72 while the rack bar 36 is still held in mesh by the cam 55. The result of this is that the arm 72 is positively swung to free the plate 100 while the rack bar 36 is still in mesh with the pinion 40, and, therefore, properly effects the adding of the fugitive unit.

For the sake of clearness, especially in l Figs. 2 and 3, many parts relating to holding of the rack bar 36 in position in mesh or out of meshhave been omitted, said parts U frame 96 normally rests against the stop 119, that the shaft 35 in rotating always tends to t'urn said U member 96 against sald stop, with the result that there is no tendency to give` on the part of the connections between the shafts 35 and 39, except what give may exist in the mounting of the gears 97a, 99 themselves, and these ge'ars may be made as strong as is desirable, since their motion is at most slight and is slow when operated by the keys.

To enable the arm 78 to occupy a convenient position, the cam arm 76 is connected to the feeler arms 73, 75 by the shaft 132, Fig. 10.

In order to hold the arm 78 in its released position, shown at Fig. 7, when once swung to that position by the arm 76, the side of the pin 82 against which the hook end 81 of said arm bears may be flat, and the arm 84a may be normally-held clear of the lug 84b by a very small amount when the hook 81 is effective. This structure permitsl the plate 83, when released from the arm 84", to swing the flat side of its pin 82 just in front I of the edge of the hook 81, with the result -that when the hook 81 isonce released, it

stays released until the plate 83 is restored at the time the spring 79 is retensioned.

In order to accurately position the master wheel, the usual overthrow stopwheel 41 may be engaged by the usual centering and overthrow stop, not shown herein. This will take up any irregularity in positioning the master wheel owing to looseness or give, etc., of the parts. Under some circumstances, it may be found .desirable to' have the link 37 connected to a sliding rack driven by a segment fast to the shaft'39, thus preventing any irregularities in the throw of the rack 36, resulting from the fact that the arm 38, shown herein, swings through a variable arc.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim :l

1. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and a totalizer, of a maister wheel adapted to insert digits beginning with the highest digit and continuing to thc lowest digit as controlled by said carriage, means for displaying both positive and negative numbers, and means for inserting a fugitive unit when any digit, including the 4digit O, is inserted in units position, if

said digit represents a numbervor a part of a number the addition of which has caused the totalizer to pass through zero.

2. In a combined typewritin and'computing machine, the combination' w1th a traveling carriage and a totalizer, of a master wheel adapted to insert digits beginning with the highest digit and contlnuing to the lowest digit as controlled by said carrlage, means for displaying both positive and negative numbers, a device settable by a change from positive to negative umts, a

driving 'mechanism for inserting said digits through the master wheel, and a tripping mechanism operated by said device, if thus set, when the carriage moves the units order of the totalizer into coperative relation with the master wheel, for causing the fugitive unit to be added through said driving device when any digit, including the digit 0, is printed in the units position.

3. In a combined typewriting and comput ing machine, the combination with a master wheel vand numeral keys for driving said master wheel, of a' typewriter carriage, a shaft between said keys and master wheel, an algebraic totalizer, a device interposed in said shaft forturning one part relatively to the other, and means controlled by said algebraic totalizer, when operated to add a number by which it is caused to pass through zero for making said device effective when typewriting in the units position any digit including the digit 4. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a master wheel and numeral keys for driving said master wheel, of a typewriter carriage, a shaft between said keys and master wheel, an algebraic totalizer, a device interposed in said shaft for driving one part relatively to the other, means controlled by said algebraic totalizer, when operated to add a number by which it is caused to pass through zero for making said device effective when typewritl for turning said computing wheels seratz'm,

a device selectively positioned by said wheels according to positive or negative computing position, a feeler adapted to be operated by said device in units position if the position of said device has been changed, and connections whereby the depression of any numeral key, including the 0 key, will cause the master wheel to turn to insert the fugitive unit if said feeler has been so operated.

6. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having numeral keys, the combination with an algebraic totalizer including computing wheels, of a master wheel for turning said computing wheels seratz'm, I

a device selectively positioned by said wheels according to positive or negative computing position, a feeler adapted to be operated by said device in units position if the position of said device has been changed, a driving device for the master wheel interposed between said keys and the master wheel, means whereby the depression of any numeral key,

including the 07 key, will move the catch and permit the master wheel to be turned to insert the fugitive unit.

7. In a computing machine, in combination, an algebraic totalizer, a master wheel, numeral keys, numeral-key-actuated means to drive said master wheel, including a primary master shaft to which increments of rotation are imparted corresponding to the values of the keys actuated, a secondary master shaft and a device interposed between said primary master shaft and` said secondary master shaft whereby the latter is normally given increments of rotation proportional to those imparted to the primary shaft, and means for causing said device to impart an additional increment of rotation to the secondary shaft to insert the fugitive unit when any digit, including the digit zero, is added in the lowest denomination of said totalizer, if said digit represents anumber, or a part of a number, the addition of which has caused the totalizer to pass through zero.

8. In a computing machine, the combination with a shaft having a differential motion, of a second shaft driven thereby to have the same differential' motion, a beveled gear on the end of each of said shafts, a third beveled gear meshing with both of said first-named beveled gears to cause the shafts to move together, a frame in which said third beveled gear is mounted, a device adapted to rotate' said frame, 'a spring normally drawing on said device to advance the frame, and means normally holding said device.

9. In a computing machine, the combination with a shaft having a differential motion, of a second shaft driven thereby to have the same differential motion, a beveled gear on the endl of each of said shafts, a third beveled gear meshing with both of said first-named beveled gears to cause the shafts to move together, a frame in which said third beveled gear is mounted, a device adapted to rotate said frame,a spring normally drawing on said device to advance the frame, means normally holding said device, a pawl by which said device drives said frame, and means for releasing said pawl y after the frame has been moved thereby, to

enable the frame to be restored independently of the device.

10. In a computing machine, the combination with a shaft having a differential motion, of a second shaft, a driving device interposed between said two shafts to move the second Shaft relatively to the first, a spring for operating said driving device, an

interponent by which said lspring operates the driving device, and means for restoring the driving device independently of the spring.

11. In a computing machine, the combination with a shaft having a differential motion, of a second shaft, a driving device interposed between said two shafts to move the second shaft relatively to the first, a spring for operating said driving device, an interponent by which said spring operates the driving device, means for restoring the driving device independently of the spring, a pawl formin the connection between said spring and riving device, and means for moving the pawl to ineffective position to permit the restoration of the driving device.

12. In a computing machine, the combination with a master wheel and a reciprocating rack for driving it, of a pinion, nu- .meral keys, connections between. said keys and said rack adapted to drive the rack an amount depending on the key depressed and to move the rack out of mesh with the pinion to return it to normal position, and a device for moving said rack an amount independent of the key depressed and adapted to move the rack at the depression of the 0 numeral key.

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a carriage, an algebraic totalizer and a shutter therefor, of a device connected to be positionedby the shutter, a master wheel, numeral keys for driving the master wheel, driving means for inserting the fugitive unit between the keys and the master wheel, and means normally restraining the driving means but adapted to be caused to release the same by the lshutter-connected device, if caused to change its position after the units order of the totalizer has been brought into cooperative relation with the' master wheel, or by the same device, if it has been previously caused to change its position, on subsequent movement of the carriage to the yposition in which such relation of totalizer "and master wheel is established.

14. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with an algebraic totalizer and a shutter therefor, of a device connected to be positioned by the shutter, a master wheel, numeral keys for driving the master wheel, a spring-driven device for inserting the fugitive unit between the keys and the master wheel, a carriage for the typewriter, means normally restraining the spring but adapted to be caused to release the same by the shutter-connected device if caused to change its position after the units order of the totalizer has been brought into coperative relation with the master Wheel, or by the same device, if it has been previously caused to change its position, on subsequent movement of the carriage tothe position in which such relation of totalizer and master wheel is established,

and means for restoring said inserting device to normal position by the return of the typewriter carriage.

15. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with an algebraic totalizer and a shutter therefor, of a device connected to bepositioned by the shutter, a master wheel, numeral keys for driving the master wheel, a driving device pendently of the plate. j

16. In a combined typewriting alrd computing machine, the combination with a carriage, an algebraic totalizer and a shutter therefor, of a device connected to be positioned by the shutter, a master wheel, numeral keys for driving the master wheel, means for inserting the fugitive unit between the keys and the master wheel, a spring for operating said means, means normally restraining the spring but adapted to be moved by the shutter-connected device to release the spring, a plate forming part of saidl inserting means, a driving arm adapted to be actuated by said plate, means for restoring said driving arm independently of the carriage, and carriage-operated means for restoring the spring.

17. In a computing machine, the combination with a reciprocating rack and a driving device therefor, of a'pinion with which said rack is adapted to mesh to compute and from which it is adapted to be moved to return to normal position, a device for so `removing the rack including a shaft, a device for driving the rack' an extra unit, and a connection operated from said shaft for 1 eliminating the extia unit from the rack while the rack is out of mesh with the pinion.

18. In a computing'machine, the combination with a reciprocating rack and a driving device therefor, of a pinion with which said rack is adapted to mesh to compute and V from which it is adapted to he moved to return to normal position, a device for so ,removing the rack including a rock-shaft, a

device for driving the rack an extra unit, a spring for eliminating the extra unit from the rack while the rack is out of mesh with the pinion, a shaft for reciprocating said rack, a driving device in said shaft for addin said unit, a drive spring for operatingsaid driving device, a pawl between the drive,

spring and the driving device, a tail on said pawl, and an arm on said rock-shaft adapted to release the pawl to enable the first spring to eliminatethe unit.

19. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer, of a finger .projecting therefrom adapted to occupy two positions, a feeler adapted to be selectively positioned by the linger so that when once shifted by A the finger, the finger is ineffective thereon until it is again shifted, and a driving device for the totalizer controlled by said finger.4

20. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer, of a finger projecting therefrom adapted to occupy two positions,

a feeler adapted to be selectively positioned by the finger so that when once shifted by the finger, the nger is ineffective lthereon until it is again shifted, a driving device for the totalizer, a hook normally holding said driving device, and means operated by movement of said feeler in either direction forv releasing said hook.

21. In a computing machine, the combina- Y tion with a traveling totalizer and a master wheel therefor, of a driving device, a finger projecting from the totalizer, a feeler, and means for effecting relative movement between the totalizer and the driving device, the connections being such that the finger is effective on thefeeler either by said relative movement or by movement of the feeler in l the totalizer. v y

22. In a computing machine, the combination with a traveling totalizer carriage and a master wheel therefor, of a driving device, a finger projecting from the totalizer, a feeler, means for effecting relative movement between the totalizer and the driving device, the connections being such that the finger is effective onthe feeler either by said relative movement lor by movement of the feeler in the totalizer, a spring for driving said driving device, and a cam on the totalizer for retensioning the spring by movement of the carriage.

23.v In a computmg machine having a traveling carriage, the combination with an algebraic totalizer including computing wheels and a master wheel for turning said wheels, of devices for turning said master wheel, 'a separate device for driving said master wheel dependent on the totalizer wheels going through zero, means for lock ing said traveling carriage, and means for normally holding said last-named device adapted to be released when said locking means is effective.

24. In a computing machine, the combination with a master wheel, of means including a pair of Shafts for driving it, beveled gears on said shafts, a third beveled gear constantly meshing with said shafts to cause one .to rotate with the ether, a rotatable 'iframe n which said third gear is mounted,

a stop on which it rests, and means including a spring for rotating it away from said stop.

25. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master wheel therefor, numeral keyscomprising cams for driving said master wheel, and a device interposed between said cams and master wheel for advancing the master wheel independently of the cams, said cams including a cam upon the 0 key.

26. ln a combined typewriting and computing` machine, the combination -with a' -comprisingccomputing wheels, of a carriage lock, a master -wheel for turning said computing wheels, a finger mounted in said totalizer and provided with means for causing the same to vbe moved when the wheels go through zero,-numeral keys for turning the master wheel, a cam oneachkey by which it so turns the master wheel, a cam on each key for operating said .carriage lock, a separate driving device between said keys and said master wheel, a holding device for holding said driving device adapted to be A released when the carriage is locked, and a catch controlled by said totalizer finger for separately controlling said driving device.

28. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and an algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master wheel for turning said computing wheels,

, numeral keys for turning the master wheel,

i a cam on each key by which it so turns -thevr 'master wheel, a/camon'each key for locking said carriage, a separate driving device between said `keys and said master wheel, a

holding device for holding' said driving device but adapted to be released when the carriage is locked, a totalizer finger, a catch controlled bysaid totalizer finger ,for controlling said driving device, a spring for driving said ldriving device, and a-cam on the totalizer and adjustable therewith for retensioning said spring.

29. The combination with afrack and numetal 'keys for driving it, of a shaft between 4the rack Yand the keys, a key-operated devicev for moving the rack into and out Of mesh, a driving device interposed in said shaft for driving the rack independently driving\the rack independently of the keys,

a key-operated lock for holding said driving device against operation except during a key depression, a totalizer comprising computing wheelsy adapted to be turned by said driving device through said rack, and other means for holding said driving device locked but adapted to be released by thetotalizer.

g 31. In a combined typewriting and coinputing machine, the combination -with a traveling carriage andan escapement device therefor, of an algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, a master wheel for' turning said computing wheels, a driving device for the master wheel, connections controlled by said wheels whereby the master wheel will be driven by said driving device yto add to fugitive unit in units position, carry-over mechanism for the computing wheels, and aconnection from said escapement device whereby the carry-over mechanism is positively operated after said driving device has completed the driving of the master wheel.

32. In a combined typewriting and com- .turning said computing wheels, `a driving device. for the master wheel, connections controlled by said wheels whereby the master wheel will be driven by said driving device to add thefugitive unit in units position, a carry-over mechanism for the computing wheels, a connection from said escapernent device whereby the carry-over mechanism ,l

is positively operated after said driving device has completed the driving of the master wheel, numeral keys for controlling the driving of the master wheel, and means for locking said carriage against feeding until the master wheel has been completely turned and the carry-over mechanism completely operated 'by the depression of a numeral key.

33. In a combined typewriting and comtraveling carriage andan algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master vwheel for turning said computing wheels,

numeral keys, means for driving said master wheel upon the actuation of a numeral key, a device for inserting thel fugitive unit by turning the master wheel, a trip for said device adapted to be set when` the totali'zer i turns through 0, a release forad devie puting machine, the combination with a y adapted to be released by said trip when l the master wheel engages the units computing Wheel, a lock for holding said carriage during the actuation of the master Wheel, and -a separate holding means for said device adapted to be released when said lock is effective and to be made effective when the lock is released. y

34. In a combined typewriting and'coniputing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and an algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master wheel for turning said computing wheels, numeral keys, means for driving said master wheel upon the actuation of` a numeral key, a device for inserting the fugitiveunit, a trip for said device adapted to be set when the totalizer turns through 0, a release for said device adapted to be released by said trip when the master wheel engages the units computing wheel, a lock for holding said carriage during the actuation of the master wheel, a separate holding. means for said device, and a single shaft adapted to make said holding means and said lock alternately effective.

35. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the c-ombinat-ion with a traveling carriage and an algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master wheel forl turning said computing wheels,

, numeral keys, means for driving said master wheel upon the actuation of a numeral key, a device for inserting the fugitiveunit by turning the master wheel, a trip for said device adapted to be set when the totalizer turns through 0, a release for said device adapted to be released by said trip when the master Wheel engages the units computing wheel, a lock for holding said carriage during the actuation of the I master wheel, a separate holding means for said device adapted to be released whe-n said lock is effective and to be made effective when the lock is released, and a carry-over mechanism for said computing wheels adapted to be positively driven while the master wheel engages the units computing wheel.

36. In a combined typewriting and computin machine, the `\combination with a traveling carriage and an algebraic totalizer comprising computing wheels, of a master Wheel for turning said computing wheels,

-numeral keys, means for driving said master -wheel upon the actuation of a numeral key, a device for inserting the fugitive unit by turning the master wheel, a trip for said device adapted to beset when the tot-alizer turns through 0, a release for said device adapted to be released by said trip when the dependent upon the single shaftadapted to make said holding Y- means and said lock alternately effective, and a carry-over mechanism for said computing wheels Vadapted to be positively driven while the master wheel engages the' units computin wheel.

37. In a com ined typewriting and cornputing machine, the combination with an algebraic totalizer including computing wheels, of a master wheel for turning said computing wheels seratz'm, a device for controlling the insertion of fugitive units, the same being adapted to be varied in position by turning said wheels through zero, numeral keys for effecting turning of the master wheel, connections for causing the master wheel to insert the fugitive unit, the same being positioning of said controlling device, a source of power independent of the keys for driving said connections, and connections whereby the depression of any numeral key, including the 0 key, when the units order of the totalizer is in cooperative relation withthe master wheel, will cause sai-d independent :source of power to be effective on the fugitive-unit-inserting mechanism if said controlling device has been caused to change its position.

38. In a combined typewriting and coinputing machine, the combination with an algebraic totalizer including computing wheels, of a master wheel for turning said computing wheels seriatz'm, a device for controlling the insertion of fugitive units, the same being adapted to be varied in position by turning saidA wheels through zero, numeral keys for effecting turning of the master wheel,

connections for causing the master wheel EDWARD THOMAS.

Witnesses:

EDITH B. LIBBEY, CATHERINE A. NEIVELL.

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