US1385065A - Pneumatic pump - Google Patents

Description

B. S. AIKVIAN.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. Il. 1919. REIIEwED APR. 9. 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Patented July 19, 1921.

W'zecje B. S. AIKNIAN.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.1I. 1919. IIEIIEWED APII.9,1921.

1,385,065.. Patented July 19, 1921.

3 SHEETS-*SHEET 2.

lullin@ B. S. AIKMAN.

PNEUMATIC PUMP.

APPLICATION. FILED ocT.1|, 1919. RENEwEn A-Pn. 9. 192;.

1,385,065.. mme.. July 19, 192i 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l FFIC- BURTON s. AIKIVIAN, OT MILWAUKEE, v/IscONsIN, AssIeNon To NATIONAL BRAKE a ELECTRIC COMPANY, or MILWAUKEE, WIsoONsIN, A OOItnORATToN "or wie;

Lessons.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented July 19, 1931.

Application filed Getober 11, w19, Serial No. 330,038. Renewed .April 9, 1921. Serial No. 459,977.

T 0 all whom t may concern:

lle it known that l, BURTON S. AIKMAN, a citizen of: the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in, Pneumatic Pumps, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates topneumatic pumps and particularly to pumps employed 'lor supplying systems of the character designated as the fresh-water type. Such systems are characterized by control ot the operation ot the pump by opening and closing Oi' the faucet or delivery fixtures and for this reason the type is also designated as the 'laucet controlled or closed system type. The service demanded of systems of this character is more severe than that demanded by systems employed ior open-pumping. Va riable demand for water as indicated by variable opening of the. outlet iixtures causes the pump to Operate more rapidly or slowly in accordance with the` demand. However, the control valve. for the admission and exhaust of compressed air or other motive fluid must operate uniformly regardless ot the rate ot operationl o'l the pump in order to prevent centering ofthe. pump. lllhether the pump be making a strokeevery minute or a stroke every hour should not affect the rapidity with which the valve is shifted over center. When the faucets are opened only slightly, or when there is a small leak in the water system, it is obvious that the rate ot discharge Ot water is very slow. Consequently. it the movement of the air valve is dependent upon the rate of water discharge, a position ol' the air valve will soon be reached where both admission and exhaust ports are opened so that the compressed air escapes without doing work.V A pump working under conditions oi' a slow rate of discharge must beprovided with means for positively throwing the valve completely past central position on each actuation. This can generally be accomplislied by a snap-spring mechanism. The diiliculty then is to provide motive means for the snap-spring` Ot great enough power to insure proper operation under all conditions, and yet responsive to the level conditions or lthe quantitative conditions of the liquid within the pump barrel.

Floats large enough to operate the valve, take up so much room that they cut down the capacity of the pump very seriously. Floats are furthermorel highly undesirable asthey must be disposed in the pump barrel where they are inaccessible and their operation cannot be Observed.

According to my invention, loats are wholly dispensed with. My invention provides means for weighing the water discharged from the pump barrel in transit to the discharge line. l/Vhen the Weight ot water discharged for a given pump stroke exceeds a predetermined amount, the valve is operated by the said weight of the Water. When the system has discharged a given weight of water, the valve is shifted in the opposite direction by a spring which is employed as a means to balance the weight of the water.

ln recent years, the single cylinder pump has become very popular because of its sim plicity and cheapness. ln systems employing a single cylinder pump an air spring or reservoir is employedto smooth out the flow ot water between strokes of the pump. ln carrying out my invention l employ the air spring as the means for weighing the water discharged from the cylinder for controlling the operating of the valve. Briefly, then, one important conception Off my '1nvention resides in controlling the operation of the air valve in accordance with the weight ot water in the air spring.

Another phase of my invention relates to a quick release valve for aiding the pump in relieving the air pressure in the cylinder as quickly as possible ater the air-` exhaust valve is open.

ln the type of pump to which my invention belongs the air valve is placed at the head of the well. This type is Often called the separate head type, to distinguish the same from that class otpumps which has the air valves directly on the head of the pump barrel in the well.

In the separate heat type the air is controlled at the head of the well and a pipe runs down from the air valve to the pump barrel. This pipe serves to admit and exhaust compressed air. lf the pipe is made of large sizea Wastage of air results,-as

the contents of the pipe is lost at each exhaust stroke. 1f the pipe is made of small diameter, Vit slows down the rate of exhaust, and consequently `increases .the time required for filling the pump and thereby cuts down the operating capacity of the pump. A small pipe does not seriously interfere with the period of discharge, because this is usually considerably slower"` than the rate of filling, and besides the air lis under such pressure that it can easily overcome whateverresistance may be encountered.

According to my'invention, 1 employ a relatively small pipe to cut down the contents of the same, and where there is Aa' considerable distancerbetween the air valve and the pump barrel, I provide a quick release valve for relieving the pressure in the pump, so that rapid exhaust and quick filling can result.

OtherV incidental improvements will be apparent from the following description.

In order to `acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of constructing the invention,1 shall now describe a specific em* bodiment of the same in such terms as will enable one skilled in the art to make and practice the invention. In the accompanying drawings which forni a part of the present specification:

Figure 1 is adiagrammatic vertical seci tion of a pump and system embodying the invention. A y

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view `showing the snap spring mechanism for controlling a suitable air valve.

Fig. `3 is a `fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a vertical axial sectional viewV through the relay valve, controlling the admission and exhaust of air to and from the pump barrel.

Fig. 5 is a vertical axial section through the quick release valve and head of the pump barrel. Y Y

Fig. 6 is a vertical axial section through the foot of the pump barrel, showing the intake and water discharge valve.

Figs.V 7, 8, 9, andl 10 are horizontal Asectionstaken on the corresponding line shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The working parts of the system as shown in Fig. 1 comprise the pump barrel 1, which Vis submergedfin the water in the well'to a sufficient degree to insure proper filling of the same at all times. The casing 2 of the well is indicated in Fig. 1.` The pump barrel 1 comprises an upper head member 3 and a lower head member 4 with a thin walled tube 5 between them for forming the cylindrical walls of the barrel. The heads 3 and 4 are held together by means of a central water-discharge pipe 6, which is threaded atits upper end 7 into the head 3 and which is connected by a valve cage 8 at its lower end with a stud 9, passing through the lower head and being secured in place by the nut 10.

The valve cage 8 forms a suitable housing and guide for the watersdischarge check valve 11 which is provided with a suitable rubber 4seat and metallic backing of a construction well known in the art and mounted upon a guide 12 having suitable wings for guiding the check Valve correctly to and from its seat. The valve seat 14 is formed about` the short cylindrical bore 15 which bore 15 forms the guiding means for the wings 12. 'The cage 8 is made up of separate parts, namely, a head portion 16 and a barrel portion 17, which barrel portion is suitably threaded upon the head 16 with the valve 11 between them. The barrel portion 17 extends downwardly and has a transverse web 18, extending across the lower end of the barrel to provide a suitable hold for the upper end of the stud 9.

The lower head of the pump barrel 4 comprises an `outer ring portion and a central hub portion 20, the two parts being joined by suitable webs 21, between which parts the water is free to enter the pump barrel when the check valve 22 is open. The check valve 22 comprises a rubber face and a metallic back, as is customary in valves of this character. The inlet opening of the pump 4barrel is preferably covered by a screenr 24 which is held in place by the nut 10 against the face of the boss 20.

The head of the pump barrel provides a central boss l25 for the attachment of the upper end 7 of the water discharge pipe 6. The head 3 is cored out to provide the water passageway 26 and the air passageway 27. The air passageway has a port 28 which opens at all timesinto the pump barrel.

The water passageway 26 communicates with the vertical waterpipe 30, leading to the top Vof the well, where it is joined by horizontal pipes 31, leading to the faucets or other outlet fixtures of a closed system. A suitable throttle valve 32 is inserted in the horizontal pipe 31 and this pipe is divided into sections by means of the union 33, so that the discharge pipe which leads to the faucets or the fixtures may be readily disconnected from-'the pump in case it is desired to pull the pump out of the well. A T `connection 34 is inserted in the pipe 31 between the throttle valve 32 and the pump 1 and this T connection leads, by means ofa fiexible connection or other suitable coupling 35, to the air spring 36 which is suspended upon a suitable supporting bracket or framework 37. This bracket or framework 37 lis shown as being mounted directly over the well casing 2, but it is to be understood that this is not at all necessary and that the air spring 36 may be mounted at any suitable place and the valves which areoperated by `it may also be placed with itat a place remote from the well casing 2.

The air spring 36 comprises a small tank which is partly lled with compressed air, this air being supplied from the main air supply pipe 40, by way of abranch pipe 41, reducing valve 42, and iiexible connection 43 into the top of the air spring 36. The air spring 36 is suspended on a rod 44 connected by the T coupling 45 to the top of the tank and said rod having a suitable head 46 for holding a spring engaging washer 47. A suitable spring 48 lies be tween the washer 47 and the top of the cage or casing 49 which is mounted upon the upper end of the trame 37. The cage 49 con tains the snap mechanism tor operating the combined inlet and exhaust valve 50.

The valve 50 is mounted in a housing 51 formed on top of the housing 49 and preferably integral therewith. This housing provides a seat 52 at the lower end forengaging the valve face 53, which valve face controls the exhaust ot air from the relay cylinder 55. The upper end of the valve 50 comprises a valve face 5G, which cooperates with the movable seat member 57, these two parts controlling the admission of airr from the branch pipe 58 to the relaycylinder The valve 50 is provided with a spring 59, which tends at all imes toclose the exhaust valve 53 to prevent the escape ot compressed air 'from the valve cage. rlhe valve cage or housing 51 is provided with an outlet (S0, which leads by way of the pipe G1 to the rclay cylinder 55 ot the pilot valve 62. This pilot valve, as will be described later controls the admission of air at the proper pres sure from the main air supply pipe 4U to the air pipe 63 leading down through the quick release valve 64 and pipe 65 to the pump barrel 1.

The operation of the pilotl valve 50 is et fected by the rise and tall ot the stem 44, operating through the snap mechanism to shitt the valve 50 from one extreme position to the other in accordance with the weightof water in the air spring 3G. The valve 50 has a stem G6 which projects down into the cage 49. The lower end of this stem is adapted to be engaged by the screw 67 which is placed on'abridge between the two arms 68 which has a web 69 between them. These arms G8 are pivoted at their inner ends to the cross pin 7 O, which lies in a groove 71 formed in the stem 44.. A pair ot companion arms 71 mounted on the cross shaft 7 Q are also hinged to the cross pin 70 to form a toggle movement. rlhe pin 7 Q is pivoted in the stationary lugs 73 which are 'formed integrally with or otherwise fastened to the housing or cage 49. The outer ends of the lever have a similar pin 73 projectingbeyon'd the sides of the levers and springs 75 connect the stationary pin 72 with the pin 73, thereby providing means ior securing a snap action of the valve 50 :for gradual movement of the stem 4,4. The action of this toggle mechanism is readily comprehended from a study Vof Fig. 2. When the stem 44 moves downwardly it will move the cross pin 7 O beyond the center line of the pins 72 and 73, with the result that the outer ends ot the lever 68 will snap upwardly moving the valve 50 upwardly Vto close the admission valve 56. In a similar manner when the stem 44 moves upwardly, the central pin will be moved upwardly past the center line between the pins 72 and 73, and thereafter the pin 73 and the outer ends of the arms 68 will be snapped downwardly, permitting the spring 59 to open the admission valve 56 and close the exhaust valve 53.

The pipe 61 may be led directly to the pump in case of a shallow well where only a short run of pipe is involved, but where the well is deep, or where the control valve 50 is situated some distance from the well itself, l prefer to employ the relay valve mechanism 62 tor admitting and exhausting air to and from the pump cylinder 1. rlhis relay valve has a live air connection 77, a pump connection 63 and an exhaust opening 78. The pump connection 63 is connected alternately to the live air connection 77 and to the exhaust 78 in accordance with the position of the valve 50. The valve body 79 has a cylinder 8O formed at its upper end, the upper end of the cylinder being closed by a suitable head 81 through which connection for the pipe 61 is made. A piston member 82 fitting within the cylinder 80 is moved downwardly by the pressure of the air admitted by the pipe 61 and is moved upwardly in part by the spring 83 and part by the pressure of the air contained within the body 79. The piston 82 has a valve 84secured to the lower side thereof, this valve having a rubber face adapted to engage the valve seat 85, which surrounds the circular bore in which the guide 86 moves. rllhe valve 84 controls the connection of the chamber 87 with the exhaust connection 78. An admission valve 88 controls the connection of the pump connection 63 with the live air connection 77. This valve is connected to the piston 82 and the valve 84 by means of a stem 89 so that the valves and the piston move in unison. The chambers 87 and 90 are `separated by means ot the web 91, which web has a cylindrical bore, forming ways for the guide 92, which is secured to the valve 88. The valve 88 has a rubber face which is adapted to coperate with the annular seat 93 surrounding the bore in the web 91.

rlhe Operation 'l the relay valve will be apparent from the above description or' structure. When the master valve 50 admits compressed air to the cylinder of the relay valve, the piston 82 is forced downwardly against the spring 83, seating the valve 84, and at the same time unseating the valve 88. Compressed air then flows through the. central port in the web 91 to the pump connection 63. When they pressure in the cylinder 55 of the relay is exhausted at the valve 50, the spring 83 and the pressure of the compressed air within the pump and the pipe 63 tends to force the piston 82 upwardly, seating the valve 88 to cut off the compressed airand unseating the valve 84 to put the pump'connection 63 in communication with the exhaust connection 78.

The quick release valve 64 comprises a cylindrical body member95, having exhaust ports 96 arranged radially about the lower end of the same, theseexhaust ports communicate with an annular passageway 97, defined by the walls of the nipple 98 and the adjacent walls 99 of the valve body itself. The nipple 98 and the portion 99 terminate in valve seats at their upper ends, these valve seats being adapted to coopera-te with the release valve proper 100, which has a rubber facing adapted to engage both of the seats. The valve body 100 is provided with suitable guiding wings 101 for guiding the valve to and from the seat above mentioned. The valve body 100 is also provided with a central `hub 102, which is suitably bored to receive the stem 103 of an admission valve 104 which copera-tes with the valve seat 105 formed on the lower surface of the valve body 100.V The stem 103 of the admission valve 104 is reduced as shown at 115, where it passes through a plate 106, this plate resting on the adjacent guiding wings 101 of the valve body 100. lThe operation of this quick release valve is as follows: Assuming that the parts are in the positions shown and air is admitted by way of the pipe 63, the said air will move down through the body of the valve around the edges of the plate 106 and between the wings 101 through the ports 107 in the central hub 102 of the valve 100 and down through the central opening inV the valve 100 past the admission valve 104, through the pipe and into the pump barrel by way ofthe passageway 27 and port 28.

When the relay valve 62 operates to connect the pump connection 63 with the atmosphere connection 78 the pressure begins to fall in the pipe 63 and the air moves in the direction contrary to the direction which it moves during the admission period. The result is that the admission valve 104, which is in effect a check valve, will be forced upwardly by the rush of air past the same. This valve seating against the seat 105,'will shut off the Vfurther iiow of air from the pump barrel 1 to atmosphere, causing the air pressure to be applied to the lower facel of the valve 100. As the pressure is exhausting from the pipe 63, the air pressure on top of the valve 100 will be less than that on the lower side of said valve ina very short time with the result that the entire valve 100 and the parts carried thereby are forced upwardly luncovering the annular passageway 97 and permitting the air from the pump barrel 1 to discharge to atmosphere freely through the relatively large pipe 65 and the ample port 96. The result is that the air from the pump barrel 1 does not need to find its Way through the small pipe 63, and as a consequence, the refilling of the pump barrel 1 is accomplished much more quickly. The operation of the system as a Whole will now be readily understood. Air from the pipe 40 may be supplied from any suitable source, such for instance, as a reservoir of compressed air, either with or without a reducing valve interposed, or any other suitable source of supply. The air passes to the relay valve 55 where its admission to the pump barrel 1 is controlled in accordance with the operations of the master or pilot;l valve 50. The pilot valve 50 is connected to the source of compressed air by means of the pipes 41 and 58. Only a very slight amount of air is required to operate the relay valve 62 and the valve mechanism for the valve 50 `may conse` quently be of relatively small capacity. Air is supplied also through the flexible connection 43 to the top of the air spring 36. Assuming that the system has been put in operation and that the pump barrel 1 has just completed a stroke and has lled again with water, the quick release valve 100 has dropped upon its seat and the admission valve 104 will have opened by gravity. Due to the last discharge stroke the air spring 36 has received water in excess of a certain predetermined amount and the air spring has consequently been increased in weight to such an extent that it overcomes the tendency of the spring 48 to raise the same. As a result the stem 44 has been drawn downward, operating the toggle mechanism to close the admission valve 56-57, as a consef quence the relay valve 62 stands with the piston 82 raised and the valve 84 open and the valve 88 closed, whereby the pump connection 63 is in communication with exhaust Lessines 62 forcing the piston '82 down, closing the exhaust valve 84 and opening the admission valve 88. Compressed airthen passes down through the pipe 63 into the valve Vbody of the quick release valve 64; around the plate 106 through the ports 107 and down along the stem 103 of the admission valve 104i, through the pipe 65, the passageway 27 and the port 28 into the interior of the/pump barrel forcing the water upwardly past the check valve 8. If the water is being withdrawn very slowly at the faucet, the most of the water discharged from the pump barrel 1 will be discharged into the air Vspring 36 with the result that the weight of the same will be increased to the extent of again operating the master valve 50, and causing exhaust of the pressure in the pump and the pump will again stand idle until the weight of water in the air springV 36 drops below a predetermined minimum. If the faucets are open sufficiently to discharge the full capacity of the pump, the major portion of the water delivered from the pump barrel l will go to the faucets and a small portion thereof will be -driven into the air spring 36. The valve 32 serves the function of a restricting orifice to insure that suiiicient water will be diver-ted into the air spring 36 to operate the valves even when the faucets are wide open.

The quick release valve 100 may obviously be constructed differently from what I have shown, but I believe I am the first to employ a small air pipe leading down to the pump and a quick release valve to permit rapid filling of the pump valve. It is apparent that the admission valve 1011 in the quick release valve 100 may be omitted and merely a restricting opening be placed there, but I prefer the use of the valve 104. The water vdischarge pipes 6 and 30 are invariably full of water and no air is discharged from the pump `barrel 5 into the air spring 36. Infother words, a seal is always maintained between Vthe air in the pumping chamber 5 and the air in the air spring 36. This permits of highly economical operation `and prevents any blowing of air at the faucets when the same are opened. The discharge of air from. the faucets is found in practice to be objectionable.

It willbe apparent to thosetskilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in a variety of forms.I the above particular `embodiment being but one manner in which the invention may be carried out.

Instead of employing the flexible hose connections 43, I may employ sliding or swingingrigid connections, if desired.

I claim:

1. In a faucet controlled pneumatic dis.- placement pumping system having the usual single cylinder pump barrel submerged in the liquid and an air spring for steadying the flow of liquid discharged and having an air valve governing the vadmission and exhaust to and from the `pump barrel, the

combination of means for weighing the water contained inthe air spring and means operated when the weight of water in the air Vspring drops below a predetermined minimum value for shifting the air valve to admit compressed air to the pump cyl` inder.

2. In a faucet controlled Vpneumatic discombination of means for `weighing the wat-er contained in the air spring and means for shifting thel air valve Vto admitv compressed air to the pump cylinder when the weight drops below a predetermined minimum value, said last-meansv being operatedy to shift the air valve to exhaust the compressed air in the pump cylinder Jwhenf'the' weight rises above a predeterminedmaxiF mum value. l

3. In a faucet controlled pneumatic displacement pumping system having the usual single cylinder pump valve submerged iii the liquid, an air spring for steadying the flow of 4liquid discharge; and having 'an air valve governing the admission andexhaust to and from the pump barrel, they combina tion of means for weighing the water contained in the air spring, and means controlled by said weighing means for shift# ing the air valve to cause exhaust` of the compressed air from the pump barrel when the weight of water in the air spring rises above a predetermined maximumrvalue.

4. In combination" a pump 'barrel sub merged in the liquid to be pumped, van air.l

valve controllingV the admission to 4and exhaust from the pump barrehfa `closed receiving chamber comprising an air spring connected to the pump barrel, means for weighing the wat-ery discharged from the pump into the chamber and means for op erating said air valve controlled by the weight of the water in tlie'chamber said weighing means and said pump Vbarrel being invariably water-sealed from each other.

5. In combination a pump barrel subof compressed air, a reservoirabo-ve the liquid for receiving liquid discharged from the barrel under pressure, said reservoir vbeing mounted on balancing means, air valve mechanism for admitting and exhausting a-ir to merged in the liquid to be pumped, asource 2120 and said reservoir being Water-sealed from merged in the liquid to be pumped, an air. spring connected tosaid pump, sai'd. airV springbeing mounted above the liquid toA l system, a pumping device for pumping Water into said closed system, an air spring each other during normal operation of the- PumPf 6.f- In combination a pump' barrel submerged in the liquid to be pumped, a source of compressed air,an air spring, a discharge main having normally closed outlet fixtures, said pump barrel and said reservoir, and said air spring being connected to said discharge main, said air spring being mounted for vertical movement, means for normally balancing the air spring, air valve mechanism for admitting and exhausting air to and from the pump barrel and means controlled by lowering of the reservoir' due to increased Water contents for operating the air valves to cause exhaust of air from the barrel, said air spring and said discharge main being invariably Water-sealed from each other.

7 In combination a pumpbarrelV sub be pumped 'and being provided with means permitting up and down motion, anair Y valve governing the admission and exhaust of air to and froml the piunp barrel, means` governed by the downward motion of' the air springvdue to increased Weight for controlling the air valve mechanism to connect the pump barrel to exhaust,`said pump barrel and said air spring being ivatersealed from each other at all times.

.8. In .combination aV pump barrel submerged in the-liquid, van air spring mounted for up and down motion above the liquid, a discharge main :connected to said air spri wand said pumpbarrel, said discharge main iaving normally closed outlet fixtures, an air valve governing the admission of compressed air to and exhaust from the pump barrel,fsaid air ,valve beingl operated by a decreasein Weight of the Water .in the air spring to admit compressed air to the pumpbarrel for causing another stro-key of the pump, said air spring and said'di'scharge 'main being AWater-sealed from each other at all times. Y f Y e c 9. In combination, pump-ing means, an air spring connected to said pumping means,a

discharge main connected to said air spring@ said discharge main being invariably Watersealed fromy said air spring, aj pressure vfluid pipe for the pumping means, and a valve controlled by the `Weight of liquid in said air spring for governing the connection oi" said fluid pressure pipe with said pumping means. u L A 10. In combination, a closed distributing connected to said system, said system andV i tion.

said air spring f being Vinvariably Watersealed with respect to each other, a shut-oil' valve for controlling theflow of motive fluid to thek pumping means,"said valve being con.- trolledby the Weight of liquid in said air spring. -v

11. In combination, ai pump, a. source of motive fiuid for the pump, a discharge main connected to a closed delivery system and an air spring connected to said main, said air spring and said main being Water-scaled With respect toi each other, and means for controlling the motive fluidV infaccordance ivith the Weight ofthe liquid in the air spring.

12. In combination, a pump barrel adaptmerged in the liquid'to be pumped,'a source of motive fluid for said pump barrel, valve above the liquid for controlling the individual strokes of the pump, a pipe connect-l ing said valve With the pump barrel and a uick release valve in said ii )e said ,uif'k releasey valve being adapted to permit vthe exhaust air to escape from the pump' at said quick release valve.

14. In combination, a pumpV barrel sub-vV merged in tlievvater in the Well, a control# ling valve atv the head of the Well for controlling admission `to and exhaust Yfrom Vthe pump cylinder of the motive fiuid, aqpipe connecting said valve and the pump cylinder, and a quick release valve in said pipe.`

15.In combination, a pump Vcylinder for,

discharging liquid, af source of motive fluid,

a pipe from said' source of motive fluid to vthe pump chamber, avvalve operated in`accordance Withxthe individualstrokes of the pump for governing the'adniission and eX- liaust of motive fiuid to' and from the pump', a quickrelease valve situated in said pipe adjacent thepump chamber, said quick release valve comprising a valve port communicating With atmosphere, a valve memi ber lield against said port by the pressure of the motive fluid, and being unseated by the pressurevvithin the pump chamber when the first valve is 16. In combination, a pump chamber submerged in theliquid, acompressed air pipe, an exhaust connection'and a pipe between the pump chamber" and the main valve, a'

izo

moved `to the exhaust posimain valve for controlling the communication of said pump connection alternately with the compressed air pipe and with exhaust, and a quick release valve in the pump connection and adjacent the pump, said quick release valve comprising a port open to atmosphere, a valve held on the port by the pressure of the air in said pipes, a passageway through said valve, said passageway being adapted to be closed upon shifting of the main valve to connect the pump connection to the exhaust connect-ion, whereby the pressure in the pump chamber unseats the quick release valveand escapes to atmosphere independently of the restof said pipes.

17. In combination a pump chamber, a source of compressed air, a main control valve, an exhaust connection for the control valve, a quick release valve adjacent the pump chamber and communicating therewith, a pipe connecting said control valve with the quick release valve, and means for operating said main control valve in accordance with the pump strokes.

18. In combination, a pump control valve and a quick release valve, a relatively small pipe connecting the quick release valve and the control valve and a relatively large pipe connecting the quick release valve and the pump, said quick release valve comprising a cylindrical housing, having a cylindrical valve member guided therein, an annular exhaust port at the lower end of said housing controlled by the cylindrical valve member, said cylindrical valve member having an axial port therethrough for permitting the flow of air under pressure in one direction, but for hindering the same in the other direction.

19. In combination, a pump control valve and a quick release valve, a relatively small pipe connecting the quick release valve and the control valve and a relatively large pipe connecting the quick release valve and the pump, said quick release valve comprising a. cylindrical housing having a cylindrical valve member guided therein, an annular exhaust port at the lower end of said housing controlled by the cylindrical valve member, said cylindrical valve member having an axial port therethrough for permitting the iow of air under pressure in one direction, but for hindering the same in the other direction, and a check valve opening downwardly controlling said central port.

20. In combination, a pump barrel adapted to be submerged in the liquid in the well, a steady flow chamber above the liquid in the well, a discharge pipe leading from the pump barrel and having a flexible connec tion to the air spring, a source of motive fluid, a flexible connection between the top of the air Spring and said source of motive fluid, a reducing valve in said connection, and a controlling valve governed by the weight of the liquid in the air spring yior controlling the admission and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the pumping chamber.

21. In combination, a single cylinder pump having inlet and discharge check valves and adapted to be submerged in the liquid to be pumped, an air spring connected to said pump at its lower end only, and means controlled by the weight of liquid in the air spring for controlling the admission and exhaust of motivefluidto and from the pump.

22. In combination, a single cylinder pump barrel submerged in the liquid to be pumped, an air valve controlling the admission to and exhaust from the pump barrel, a closed distributing system. a closed receiv ing chamber comprising an air spring connected to the pump barrel and to the distributing system at the bottom of the air spring only, means for weighing the water discharge from the pump into the chamber, and means for operating said air valve controlled by the weight of the water in the chamber.

23. In combination, a single cylinder pump barrel adapted to be submerged in the liquid to be pumped, a source of compressed air, a reservoir above the liquid for receiving liquid discharged from the barrel under pressure, a distributing system adapted 'for faucet control, said reservoir being mounted on balancing means and connected to the pump barrel and to the distributing system at its lower end only, air valve mechanism for admitting` and exhausting air to and from the pump barrel, and means controlled by the said balancing means for operating the air valve to cause exhaust of air from the pump barrel when the water contained in the reservoir has increased above a certain predetermined amount.

24;. In combination, pumping means, an air spring connected to said pumping mea-ns, a closed delivery system, said air spring being connected to said delivery system, and pumping means at its lower end only, a pressure fluid pipe for the pumping means and a valve controlled by the weight of liquid in the air spring for governing the connection of said iluid pressure pipe with said pumping means.

25. In combination, a pumping device for pumping water into a closed system, a closed system leading from said pumping device, an air spring having a connection from its lower end only to said system, a valve for controlling the low of motive liuid to the pumping means, said valve being controlled by the weight of liquid in said air spring.

26. In combination, a pump, a source oi? motive fluid for the pump, ak discharge main nism governing the admission of motive fluid to and exhaust from the pump barrel for the individual strokes of the same, said means being controlledby the Weight of Water in the air spring.

28.V In combination, a delivery system adapted to be retained under pressure, an air spring adaptedto'be subject to the pressure at onepoint of the delivery system, a pump adapted to dschargeliquid into the delivery system and into the air, spring, a valve for admitting motive Huid to the pump, and means governed by the Weight of the air spring for shifting said valve.'

lInWitness whereoi'l hereunto subscribe my name this 8th day of Octobeig'A. D. 1919.

- y BURTGN S. AIKMAN.

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