US1372930A - Condensing-steam-turbine installation - Google Patents

Description

K BAUMANN AND A. E. L. SCANES. CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE INSTALLATION. I

APPLICATION FILED DEC.28, I920.

Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNEY K. BAUMANN AND A. E. L. SCANES.

CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE INSTALLATION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.28, 1920.

1,372,930; Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY K. BAUMANN AND A. E. L. SCANES.

CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE INSTALLATION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.28. T920.

Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KARL IBA'UMANN, OF URM STON, AND ARTHUR EDWIN LEIGH SCANES, 0F ASHTON -0N.. MERSEY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO THE BRITISH WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY LIMITED, A COMPANY OF GREAT BRITAIN.

\ coNnENsrNe-srEAM-rriaBmE INSTALLATION.

1,372,930, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented lu u 29 1921 Original application filed January 31, 1917, Serial No. 145,709. Divided;

and this application filed December 23, 1920. Serial no. 433,724.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, KARL BAUMANN, a citizen of the Confederation of Switzerland, and a resident of Urmston, in the county of Lancaster, England, and AR'rHUn EDWIN LEIGH SoANEs, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Ashton-on- Mersey, in the countyof Chester, England, have invented a new'and useful Improvement in or Relating to Condensing-Steam- Turbine Installations, which is a division of application Serial No. 145,709, filed Jannary 81, 1917,.and of which the followlng is a specification.

In condensing steam turbine installations it has already been proposed to divide up the steam'fiowing from the last row or rows of blades of the turbine to the condenser by means of guide walls, diaphragms or the like located in the exhaust casing of the turbine, and the present invention relates to condensing steam turbine installations in which the exhaust casing of the turbine is provided with such guide walls, diaphragms or the like, and has for its object to provide an improved construction and arrangement of' condenser for use with a turbine of the above kind.

In a surface condenser the temperature of tion comprising a turbine and a surface condenser'there is a tendency for steam to be drawn by the cooler condensing surface from portions of the exhaust outlet of the turbine other than those portions located immediately above the cooler condensing surface. This tends to increase the-length of denser and to increase the cordingly. able in condensers of tact type.

In order to obviate this difiiculty, according to the present invention some or all of pressure drop acthe jet or direct conthe aforesaid guide walls, diaphragms or'the like, in the exhaust casing of the turbine are A similar effect is also observcontinued beyond the exhaust outlet of the turbine through into the condenser itself in such a manner that the condenser is divided up into a number of compartments each of which will act as a separatecondenser.

Stated in another way, the condenser is provided with partitions or thelike adapted to form continuations of some or all of the guide Walls, diaphragms or the like in the exhaust casing of the turbine, which partitions divide 'up 'the condenser into a plurality of compartments in such a manner way constitute in effect a" single flow condenser, but although. in this way the temperature of the water in each compartment of the condenser is rendered as uniform as possible, the temperature of the Water in the several compartments of the condenser will differ.

Several constructional forms vwhich the invention may take are illustrated byway of example in the accompanying drawings in which F i ure l is "a vertical section online 1-1 of *ig. 2 through the exhaust casing of a turbine and a. condensen'the latter invention being constructed in accordance with this Fig. 2 is a sectionalview taken on the line IIe-II of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are fragmentary views on an enlarged scale and Fig. 5 a view on the same scale taken on the lines III-III, IV-IV and V- V, respectively of Fig. 2.

Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views of a turbine and of a-condenser, the latter constructed in accordance with this invention in which the area of the condensing surface of the compartments into which the condense'r is divided varies.

; Figs. 8. and 9am diagrammatic views r to condensers I type.

, to independent portions of a condenser.

' diaphragm divided into two paths,

showing how the invention may be applied of thedirect contact or jet now to Figs. 1 to 5, the exhaust the turbine is provided with a of the kind fully described and illustrated in the specification of British Patent No. 2,848 of 1914. The condenser 2 is furnished with a central partition wall 3 which-extends to and forms joint with the guide wall 4 in the turbine exhaust and the point of junction of the V shaped containing walls 6, 6 of the exhaust casing of the turbine. The condenser is also provided with a longitudinal partition wall 7, which extends upward till it meets the lower edge ofthe diaphragm 8 extending across the exhaust casing of the turbine. For a purpose hereinafter explained both the partition walls 3 and 7 extend downward into the condensate Referrintg casing 1 o extraction chamber 9 from which the usual condensate discharge outlet 10 leads to the extraction pump 11. In this way the condenser is divided into four separate com partments. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the walls 6, 6 as well as the wall 4 should be carried right up to the last row of moving blades 12 so that only a small clearance exists between said walls and the moving blades in order to prevent leakage from one compartment of the exhaust casing into another. The same is true also of the diaphragm 8 where it adjoins the moving blades 12. From the drawings, it will be seen that the diaphragm and partition members of theexhaust casing extendclosely adjacent to the last row of moving blades and transversely to the plane of rotation thereof, whereby the annulus of steam discharged therefrom is immediately divided up into a plurality of arcuate portions. The water inlet to the condenser is shown at 13 and the water outlet at 14, the condenser here shown, as will be readily perceived, being of the double flow type. Hence the water flows in one dlrection only through each of the four compartments into which the condenser is divided by the partition walls 3 and 7.

It will be seen that we have devised an arrangement whereby from a last row of blades is divided and led In thesteam discharged is whereas in Figs. 1'4c, inclusive, the steam is divided into four paths. We prefer to divide the condenser into four condensing portions, two portions being arranged near the plane of the last row of blades and the other two being arranged fartheraway. With this arrangement, the steam discharged from the last row of blades may be. divided into four portions, the two lower portlons being discharged by curved Figs. 6-9 inclusive,

' passageways into the condenser portions the steam discharged the'upper portions of steam being conducted by passageways curved over the lower-portion passage-ways to the other condensing portions.

As hereinbefore set forth, the important feature of our invention is the division of the exhaust of a plurality of portions and leading each portion to an independent condensing portion of a condenser. The presence of diaphragms in the exhaust casing to divide the exhaust facilities the passage of the latter to the condenser with smaller eddy losses than ordinarily. The division of the condenser into a plurality of independent condensing portions is responsible for condensation taking with a slight drop in pressure of the steam and non-condensable gases and vapors.

lVhile we have shown my invention in a number of forms, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications, without departing from the spirit thereof and we desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What we claim is l. A power installation comprising a steam turbine, a condenser, partitions for dividing the condenser into a plurality of independent condensing portions, an exhaust casing for the turbine communicatin with the condenser, and partition or diaphragm members for dividing the discharge of the last row of moving blades into a plurality of portions and cooperating with the exhaust casing and the condenser partitions to define continuous passageways to the independent condensing portions for the divided portions of steam.

2. A power installation comprising a turbine, a condenser disposed transversely of the turbine axis, a portion dividing the condenser into independent condensing portions, an exhaust casing for the turbine, and partition or diaphragm members for dividing the discharge of the last row of blades into a plurality of ortions and cooperat ng with the casing an the condenser partltion to define continuous passageways for conducting each steam portion to an independent condensing portion.

3. A power installation comprising a turbine, a condenser, partitions for dividing the condenser into a plurality of independent condensing portions, an exhaust casing for the turbine communicating with the condenser, and partition or diaphragm members extending close to the last row of movplace more uniformly and ing blades and transversely to the plane of operating with the exhaust casing and the condenser partitions to define continuous passageways to the independent condensing portions for the divided portions of steam.

4. A power installation comprising a turbine, a condenser, partitions for dividing the condenser into a plurality of condensing portions, an exhaust casing for the turbine cornmunicating with the condenser and partition members carried by the casing for dividing the exhaust of the last row of blading into tWo upper portions and two lower portions and cooperating with the casing to define continuous passageways for each steam portion to an independent condenser portion,

the passageways for the upper portions be-- ing curved over the passageways for the lower portions.

5. A power installation comprising a turbine, a condenser arranged crosswise of the turbine axis, partitions for dividing the condenser into four condensing portions, two

,portions being spaced farther away from the plane of the last row of blades than the other two portions, an exhaust casing for the turbine communicating with the condenser, partition members carried by* the casing for dividing theexhaust of the last row of blades into two upper portions, and two lower portions and cooperating with the casing to define continuous passage-ways for each portion to an independent condenser portion, the passageways forthe lower por tions discharging into the condenser portions nearer the plane of the last row of blades and the passageways for the upper portions being curved over the passageways for the lower portions and discharging into the other condenser portions.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 29th day of October 1920.

KARL BAUMANN. ARTHUR EDWIN LEIGH SCANES.

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