US1370153A - Refrigeration apparatus - Google Patents

Description

E. A. RIOTTE.

REFRIGERATION APPARATUS. APPLICATION ms'quov. 2a. 1919.

1,370,153, Patented Mar. 1,1921.

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REFRIGERATION APPARATUS. APPLICATION FI LED NOV. 28, I9 19.

1,370,153. R PatentedMarQLlQZl.

2 SHEETS-SHEET UR m UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE A. RIOTTE, OF DOUGLASTOWN, NEW YORK.

REFRIGERATION APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Application filed November 28, 1919. Serial No. 341,232.

, To (ZZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, EUGENE A. Brown, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Douglastown, New York, have invented a new and'useful Refrigeration Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. I c

My invention relates particularly to apparatus of the intermittent absorption type, employing for instance, ammonia.

The main object is to provide simple and inexpensive apparatus, which can be used for instance, for household refrigeration ers the temperature and produces the desired cooling, and'the gas automatically returns to and is absorbed in the liquid in the still. Inthis process of distillation the hot gas passes through the evaporator or refrigerating element. For this reason I have provided a special construction of the evaporator-refrigerator, so that the hot gases will have substantially no effect on the refrigerator itself although the construction insures a maximum refrigerating effect during the evaporation and absorption cycle ofthe operation. .1 l

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of appa- I ratus-embo'dying the improvements. of'my invention.

, Fig. 2 is a partial front view and part1al vertical section .view of the evaporator-refrigerator parts of the apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the brine tank.

1 The still-absorber 5 maybe of any suit-' able form. I have shown it in the form. of a horizontally disposed cylindrical drum which has been foundsatisfactory. The eva orator 6 is shown in the form of a .ver-

tica ly disposed cylindrical drum. The condenser 7 is shown in the form of an inclined cylindrical drum.: Any suitable form of' heater 8 may be employed for heating the evaporator I prefer to .of the gas chamber of the port for the pipe 12 The brine vbe provided with one or more chambers 29 cover such as 30, so that various still-absorber and gas.

driving off the ammonia Between the still absorber and the adapted to contain water.

The upper part connected by an inverted U w1th the lower part of the trap 9, and the upper part of the trap} is connected with the upper part of the evaporator by means of a p1p e '11. The lower part of the evaporator 6 is connected with the lower part of the condenser by means of pipes 12 and 13 The condenser is located in a cooling tank 14 throu h which cooling water may be circulated? A circulating pipe- 15 has its opposlte ends connected to the opposite ends of the stlll-absorber below the liquid level,

shaped pipe 10 and has a considerable part of its length immersed in the cooling llquid of the tank 14. The upper part of by a return pipe 16 leading to the upper end of one leg of the circulator 15 below the bottom of thestill-absorber. A drain pipe 17 leads from above the evaporator and discharges into some liquid containing part of the system other than the evaporator and condenser. In-the form shown, the drain 17 discharges into the trap 9 vbelow the liquid level. In its preferred form a water acket 18 may surround the trap 9 so as to keep its temperature down and assist in Patented Mar. 1,1921.

locate a trap 9 still-absorber is the trap 9 is connected eliminating water or water vapor from the 3 gas which passes over from the still-ab-' sorber. The refrigerator 19 may be of any'suit-" able type. The tank 20 for containing a suitable brine solution has a flange '21 f0I" For cone tank,-it maybe prochannel- 22 with an ensupporting it in the refrigerator. venience in filling th vided with a lateral trance inside of the stopper 23. The evaporator 6 has a flange 24 for supporting it with its lowerend ar; ranged in the upperend of the brine tank. Preferably the upper partof the evaporator is surrounded by a cover 25 and heat insulating material 26. A

."tube 27 is con-.

refrigerator. having a 4 nected to the upper end of the evaporator 6, and carries the connections for the gas,

pipe 11, the condenser pipe 13, and,the'

dram pipe 17. A partition 28 is located be tween the pipesll and ,17, and forms a suphaving a articles can be placed in a position to be al tank may lows: The heater causes pipe 11 into the pipe 13 into the condenser 7 where the gas into the still 5.

is liquefied. Of course, more or less water or water vapor is carried over with the gas from the still into the trap 9 and some of it is condensed. When the liquid level in the trap rises above the upper end of the return pipe 16, the excess of water runs back Some of, the water vapor however may be carried over into the evaporator. This however cannot collect above the lower end of the pipe 12 but'will be forced up the pipe 12 above the partition 28, and will automatically drain back through the pipe 17 into the trap 9, and thence back through the pipe 16 into the stillabsorber. The hot gas will continue on its way through the pipe 13 into the condenser 7, where on account of the lower temperature the pressure is the least, On account of the special construction and! arrangement of the evaporator and the brine tank, the heated gas has practically no effect on the refrigerator, since the hottest part of the brine surrounding the lower end of. the evaporator 6 is at the top and tends to stay there. When the heater 8 is turned off either automatically or by hand, the still cools off and the pressure decreases. The absorption and refrigeration cycle then begins, the gas in the condenser forcing'the liquid ammonia up through the pipe 13 and down into the evaporator 6. As the evaporation takes place in the vessel 6, the temperature quickly drops, thus cooling the brine in the upper end of the tank 20. This immediately starts in the tank 20 since the cooler brine tends to flow down and warmer brine in the bottom tends to flow up. As the gas. evaporates from the vessel 6 .it passes through the pipe 11, through the trap 9, and pipe 16 into one end of the circulator 15, which of course is filled with the liquid in the still. On account of the fact that the specific gravity of I thewater and absorbed gas at the lower end through the pipe of the pipe16 is less than that of the weaker solution in t still, the liquid circulates- 15 in the direction of the arrow so that the gas is absorbed rapidly in the reservoir 5. p g

I cla1m:

naturally circulation of the brine.

evaporator for the passa 1. Refrigeration apparatus comprising,

the combination of a still-absorber, an evaporator connected to the still-absorber, a con denser connected only to the evaporator so that the gas in passing from the still-absorber passes through the evaporator into the condenser, a refrigerator including a brine tank of considerable depth, the lower end of the evaporator extending only into the upper end of the brine tank, the upper part of the evaporator extending outside of the refrigerator, whereby there is very little circulation of the brine during the heating of the still-absorber and a considerable circulation of the brine during the refrigerating period.

2. Refrigeration apparatus including an evaporator vessel having a tube extending from the top thereof with a partition intermediate its ends, a smaller pipe extending from said partition to near the bottom of said evaporator vessel, a gas pipe connected to said tube below said partition, a drain pipe connected to said tube above said par and a condenser conduit leading; from the lower part of the evaporator.

- 4. In a refrigerator, a reservoir containing a cooling liquid, an evaporator having its lower end extending down into the upper part of the reservoir in contact with the upper part of the cooling liquid, insulationsurrounding the upper, part of the evaporator, a still-absorber connection at the upper art of the evaporator, and a condenser conduit'leading from the lower part of the evaporator.

5. In a refrigeration system of the characterdescribed, the combination of a brine .tank, an evaporator vessel having its lower end extending'only into the upper part of the brine tank, insulatin material .surrounding the upper part 0 the evaporator, a pipe connected with the upper part of the e of gas into and from the evaporator an tending intothe bottom of the evaporator for the exit of gas and the return of liquefied gas. f

6. In a refrigerator, a brine tank, an evap orator having its lower end connected with the upper part of the brine tank, a still-v another pipe exabsorber connected to the upper part of the evaporator and a\condenser connected to the lower part of the evaporator.

In a refrigerator, a reservoir containing a cooling liquid, an evaporator having its lower end in contact with the liquid in the upper part of the reservoir, insulation surrounding the upper part of the evaporator, a still-absorber connected with the upper part of the evaporator and a condenser connected with the lower part of the evaporator and a drain connected with the bottom of the evaporator.

8. In a refrigerator, a brine tank having a filling opening at one side near the top and closed, at the bottom, an evaporator having its lower end extending into the upper end of the brine tank, a'still-absorber connected to the upper end of said evaporator, and a condenser connected to the lower end of said evaporator.

v 9. In a refrigerator, a brine tank having a compartment in its lower portion, a door for said compartment, and an evaporator having its lower end extending into the upper end of the brine tank, a still-absorber connected to the upper part of said evaporator, and a condenser connected to the lower part of said evaporator.

EUGENEVA. RIOTTE.

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