US1368422A - Mechanism fob gbading aggbegates - Google Patents

Description

L. w. BEAVE N. I

MECHANISM-FOR GRADING 'AGGREGATES.

- APPLICATION men JAN-29, 1919. I

- Patented Feb. 15, 1.921.

INVENTOR 7 TTolha Y5.

L.,W. B EAVEN. MECHANISM FOR GRADING AGGREGATES.

APPLICATION FILED IAN-29. 1919. 1,368,422. Patented Feb. 15,1921.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- [N VENTOR [635519 weaven.

AT RNE L. w. BEAYEN. MECHANISM FOR GRADINGAGGREGATES.

. I APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1919: 1,368,422. Patented Feb. 15, 1921'.

Zai 60,15 ewe/Z.

- 'UNlTED STATESPAYTENT- Q LESLIE w- B AVER. or onica'e'o,'I L LI oIs.

MECHANISM- r011 GRADING, aoennea'rns.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, LESLIE nisms for GradingAggregateaof which the following is a specification. a g

Gravel and coarse andfin'e sand employed. 1n building operatlons are generallyfound in nature commingled, and in" order to ob tain proper proportions, of. these'respective materials for building operations, it is first 'acters are employed throughout the several vlews to designate the same parts.

necessary to grade or separatethem so that the desired proportions maybe taken. At present, so far as I am aware, the grading of these materials involves the employment of aconsiderable amountof machinery and the action of the aggregates upon the screens used for their grading or separation is exceedingly destructive to the machinery mployed. Also the presence of moisture in the materials to be graded creates a consid erable amount of cohesion between the particles of the material which interferes with the grading operation unless thematerial has first been dried. I

My present invention relates to the provision of apparatus for separating orfgr'ading aggregates, and has for its particular object the elimination of mechanical separating machinery; the lessening'of the wear upon the gradlng machinery; and the elimination of cohesion between the particles of the material to. be graded, 'which would otherwise interfere with the grading opera- I tion. I prefer to attain, the foregoing ob jects by means of the structure diagram-j inatically illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

. Figure 1 1s a side elevation of a structure,

embodying my invention.

7 Fig. 2 1s a longitudinal central section 'of' the grading tank. i

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line l vals with blocks of metal '18, that arese- 3-3, of Fig. 2. I a

Fig. 4: is a fragmental plan ofthe upper grading plate and its support.

Fig. 6 isa fragmental elevation of the I projectd above said shelves.

shelf for supporting the grading elements.

Fig. 7 is .a longitudinal section taken on a W. BnAvnN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident p atio of r Patented Feb. 15, 1921. Application filed January 29, 1919/ serial No. 273,815.

' Fi 8 is a longitudinal sectiontaken on line 8 ,8,' of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9a a detail View of a discharge head. f Fig. 10 is a'fragmental detail of the end of a discharge pipe showing thegagefor indicating the rate of discharge therefrom.

Fig. l l is afragmental view of the "discharge end of the grading tank, as shown in Fig. 1, but with the discharge conduits 'ar- 1 ranged at a different angle or grade from that shown n Fig.1 in order to'cont'rol the flow or discharge therethrough'.

In the drawings 1 similarlreference char- The grading apparatus comprises a tank or compartment 10, which I have shown as length and of an inside diameter of forty (40'?) inches. 'Of course, these dimensions "maybe either increased or diminished in accordance with the capacity of the'apparatus whichitis desired to construct, withalso be altered without altering the modeflof operation. Around both ends of this pipeare riveted rings 11 of angle metal so as to provide the: annular flanges 12, which are out in'any way departing from-the prin- 'ciples or mode; ofoperation, and the form of apparatus herein shown and described may bored atsuitable intervals for the passage heads, 14 and 15, respectively, to theopen endsof saidcompartment. Securedldiamet rically opposite each other and approxi- .of. bolts 13 for securing the upper and lower posedstrips of angle metal 16, 16, which extend fromend'to end of the compartment, I

substantially parallel to each other, and have one flange of each piece of angle metal extending radially toward the center of-the compartment'to provide shelves 17. These shelves 17 are reinforced at suitable intercuredto the under faces thereof by riveting,

. welding, sweating, or in any other suitable section "consisting of a plate 20 bored along I its longitudinal edges for the passage of the studs 19 and perforated throughout its central portion with holes 21, approximately three-eighths of an inch in diameter, to form a reticulated or screening area, is supported upon the shelves 17 and secured thereto by nuts 22 which screw down upon the threaded studs 19.

Instead of employing the perforated plates above described, such a screen as is shown in Fig. 5 may be employed. This screen, known as a grisley or bar, consists of longitudinal parallel bars or rods 23, set the requisite distance apart, in this instance about three-eighths of an inch, and are provided with transverse braces 2a, preferably electrically weldedto the under sidesjof the longitudinal bars 23. This grisley or bar screen is preferably V mesh, and the remaining two-thirds plates which, together with the mountedin a frame 25 of proper dimensions, which is bored at suitable intervals for the passage of the studs 19. Also other varieties of screening elements than herein described may be employed, if desired. 7

Preferably halfway between the shelves 17 and the bottom of the compartment, are provided similar shelves 26 that are formed of angle metal pieces 27, and in other respects are similar to the shelves 17. The third of the shelves26 adjacent the feed or inlet endof the compartment supports a frame 28 in which is mounted a screen 29 of metallic fabric, of asize known as 20- of the metal frame shelving 26 carries unperforated and screen, 28 and 29, divide the space helow the upper or coarse screen into two'superposed passageways 31 and 32. The frame 28 and the plates 30 are secured upon the .shelves 26 in a manner similar to that emit is'desired that a greater or less proportion of the finer or what is known as bank sand is to be removed from the coarse sand. It

is also apparent that while I have described the employment of three passageways, the number of passageways may be either increased or decreased without in any way modifying the method of operation, thenumber of passageways being determined by the number of different grades into which it is desiredto separate the aggregates.

The entire compartment or tank 10 is preferably inclined at an angle of substantially forty (40) degrees to the horizontal,

. as illustrated in Fig. 1, and the upper end per coarse screen 20, is an inlet stub 34 adapted to be connected, through an elbow 35, with a pipe or conduit from a hydraulic dredging machine. The head 14 has riveted to its inner face two parallel strips 36 and 37 of angle metal, the outstanding flanges of which are adapted to extend just above the coarse screen 20 and the mesh frame 28, respectively.

To the lower end of the tank 10 is bolted a closure 15, of the tapered or conical form shown in Fig. 9, terminating in the three discharge openings 39, l0, and d1, communicating, respectively, with the portion of the tank above the coarse screen, the passageway 31 between the screens, and the passageway 32 below the lower screen and unperforated plates. Secured to each of the discharge openings 39, 4:0, and 41, are lengths of pipe or conduit, 42, &3, and 4a, which extend upwardly at'substantially a forty-five (@5") degree angle to a point preferably above the horizontal plane of the highest interior point in the tank 10, and are then separated and extended to suitable places for the deposition and storage of the graded materials. It, of course, will be appreciated that the rate of flow through the compartment 10, as well as the level of the fluid therein, can be controlled by either the height to which the outlet conduits are carried or the amount of grade that is given to the outlet conduits, or the length to which the conduits are extended. In practice all three of these conditions are utilized and, as it is desirable to maintain the discharge from each outlet conduit at relatively the same head, I have provided means for ascertaining the rate of flow from the discharge ends of the conduits which are illustrated in Fig. 10 of the drawings. This means consists in securing to the end of each discharge conduit a flange nipple 457, provided with a lateral stub 48 into which a vertically disposed graduated glass tube 49 is secured by means of the usual gland nut 50 and suitable packing. rises in the tube 4E9 will depend upon the rate of flow from the outlet conduit and a comparison of a reading of the on the respective outlet conduits will immediately disclose the relation of the discharges from the several conduits; The closure 15 is preferably a casting of manganese or other hard steel, which is best adapted towithstand the abrasion caused the passage of the aggregates in transit therethrough. i

From the highest part of the tank 10 extends an air-pipe d5 which is either carried above the highest point to which the head employed in the system would carry the water, or is provided with an air-cock 46 by means of which air can be released from the interior of the tank.

In operating this device water is pumped into the tank through" the Liiilet stub 34 until the air has been completely expelled and the tank is full and water flowing from the pipes 42, 43, and 44, then aggregates and water are permitted to enter. All material which cannot pass through the coarse screen is carried by the flow of water through the discharge opening 39 and the pipe 42 to o the desired point for the receiptand storage of this grade of material. All of the aggregates which pass through the coars'e screen It will be noted that the entire grading operation takes place under water where the material is lightened to the extent "of the weight of the volume of water displaced thereby and where the cohesion created by moisture is entirely eliminated by the presence of an excess quantity of'water. In this manner the grading or screening of the material is greatly facilitated and the wearing of the machinery is greatly reduced through the lightening of the materials and through the lubricating qualities of the water present.

It should also be noted that the rate of travel. of the materials, which is very important in g the operation of grading, is controlled, primarily, by the relative cross-section-of the securing tank and supply-pipe, and, secondarily, by the head or flow of water emplo'yed, and that the entire conveyance of the materials is accomplished without' the use of any mechanical conveying mechanism except the dredge pipes and the water carried thereby.

While I have illustrated and described certain instrumentalities for carrying out my 1nvent1on and have deslgnated certain proportions and dimensions in connection therewlth, it will be ObVlOHS to persons skilled in'the art that divers changes and modifications may be'made without, affecting.

the principles involved. Y I therefore desire it understood that all such changes are'con templatedas within the scope of the appended claims. 1

What I:claim is 1. A grading mechanism comprising. a

compartment adapted to receive aggregates and water under pressure, said compartment being divided intosuperposed passageways, an inlet port located in theupper most of said passageways, screening, ele-' ments located in the division wallsbetween said passageways, and separate outlet conduits leading from each of saidfpassage proper point for itsrewithinsaid "compartment at a ways' adapted to-conductthe dischargeof water and aggregates therethrough to' a point adjacent the levelbf the highest in-' terior point within said compartment.

2. A grading device. comprising a compartment. adapted'to receive aggregates and water under pressure, said compartment being divided into superposed passageways,

an inlet portlocated 1n the uppermost oi said passageways, screening elements located 1n the division walls between said passageways,

andseparate outlet conduits leading from each of said passageways adaptedto conduct the dischargeof water and aggregates therethrough to a point adjacent the level of the highest point'within said compartment and extending from thence'to the desired point for, the discharge of thematerials carried byleach conduit. I

3. A grading device, comprising a; compartment forthe reception of a mixture of water and aggregates, said compartment being divided, into superposed passagecated in the divisionwalls between said passageways, and separate outlet conduits leadi ing from each ofsaid passageways whereby the water level within said'compartment is maintained above "the level of the highest point of'said screening elements.

'ways, an inlet port located in the uppermost of said passageways, screening elements 10- 4. A grading device comprising a com partment for the reception of a mixture of water and aggregates, said compartment beingdivided into superposed passageways,

sageways, separate outlet conduits leading from each of said passagewa s, andmeans for controlling-the dlscharge rom said com- 1 partment so as to maintain the water level within said ompartment above the highest point of said screening elements.

5. A grading 'mechanism comprising a compartment for the reception'of a mixture jotwater and aggregates, said compartment being divided into superposed passageways, aninlet port located in the uppermost of said passageways, screening elements located in the division walls'between said passageways,

separate outlet ports leading from each of said passageways, and means for controllin ,the flow through and discharge from sai passageways sodas to maintain the water desired velocity of flow and level.

'6. A mechanism for grading aggregates comprisinga conduit through which aggre gates and water'are adapted to be pumped under pressure, a compartment of larger sectional capacity than, the first ortion of said conduit interposed in and orming a portion thereof which compartmentreduces the rate of flow of materials therethrough so an inlet port located in the uppermost of said passageways; screening elements lo--- ,cated 111 the division walls between said as as to permit the gravitation thereof, grading elements disposedwithin said compartment and discharge conduits of lesser combined capacity than said compartment whereby the rate of flow through said discharge conduits is increased to a point to carry said aggregate.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and State of I11inois,.this 21st day of January,

7 LESLIE W. BEAVEN.

Witnesses: I ROLAND E. WILcox, V

BEN T. RooDHoUsm

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