US1365965A - Magnetic separating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

C G. BUQHANAN.

. MAGNETIC SEPARATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED JUME12. 191s.

v 6 I W 4&4. f 60 PATENTTOFFTICE.

uNirEo STATES CHARLES GORDON BUCHANAN", 01F ROSEVILLE, NEW JERSEY.

MAGNETIC SEIEMATING- APPARATUS.

V v Specification of Letters Itatexit. Patented J an, 18, 1921 Application med June 12, 1915. Serial N'o. 239,516.

. To all w/tom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Crranrns BU- UECANfiiN, a citizen of the United States, residing at l ioseville 1n the county oi ldissex and State of New Jersey, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements 1n Mag iletic Separating Apparatus, out which the following is a specification.

p This inventioiijrelates to magnetlc separators and particularly to that typeof-separator wherein the material is carried over a rotary magnetic cylinder or pulley The object of the invention is to make this pulley cheap in construction and assembly,

readily variable in length, and easily re: paired. l Vith this in view the pulley is formed to be built up oi a series of dupli cate sections assembled by simply shppmg them together on the shaft and interlocked byvthcir interengagements into a rigid unlt. Difi'erentilengths oiipulley are easily made by varying the number or sections assem bled and for each size 1n diameter onlyv one set of standard parts have to be manufactured or carried in stock. I

A further object of the invention is to arrange the magnet windings of the pulley sections to produce the same strength of magnetism so that there is attamed a uniform selective action on the material throughout the entire holding surface.

111 the accompanyin drawings, Figure l is a plan View of apparatus em- 'bodying this invention Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; I

Fig. 3 is a central sectional View of a mag netic pulley censtructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. at is a central section of the conductor rm 3' ig 5 is a view in section of certain of the pulley elements detached, and

Fig. 6 is a central sectional View of amodified form of magnetic pulley.

In the specific embodiment of the inven tion shown in the drawings, 1 is an endless belt traveling around the idler. pulley 2 and the driving pulley 3, within which are solenoid windings producing a magnet c flux at the periphery. The material, .from which magnetic particles are to be separated, is fed onto the upper surface of the belt and carried thereby to the cylinder 3, which attracts the metallic or magnetic particles and holds themagainst the belt while the rest of ing magnetic ores from the1r ganguefautkis thematerial as it passes down overthe ylinder drops'pfl" and-is discharged by 'grav-= ity down the chute i, the magnetic material is retained and carried on and later dropped off into chute 5 as the further movement of the belt increascs the gravity efie'ct on the particles and decreases the magnetic attraction. Such apparatus is useful in separatparticularly useful in removing bits of such as broken drill points, pick pointsyan'd so forth from various ores .to prevent eiicessive wear or breakage of the fine grinding machinery employed in the treatment of these minerals, also. in separating tramp iron from coal, used as pulverized fuel. re-- quiring veryfine grinding; and for extractscrap from bone-black, used in sugar re memes. i

In theapparatus shown, the endless belt 1 may be 01 any desired length and may itself serve as aconveyer. The idler pulley 2 is adjustableto take up slack and the magnetic pulley 3 has its shaft 6 provided with,

drlving means at 7. The other endof the shaft 6 carries the conductor contact rings 8 and 9 for receiving the current from the brushes 10 of opposite terminals and the shaft is hollowed out or drilled tc form a passageway 11 (see Fig. 8) for the wires from these rings to carry the current to thesolenoids mounted within the pulley.

The roll 3 is built up of a series of standard, interchangeable sections keyed to the shaft 6 and ti htly drawn together by the tie rods 15. f these sections the solenoid spools 16 of magnetic" material, preferably steel, carry the magnet coils 17, adjacent through the metal particles on the surface of the belt. These rings 18 complete the periphery of the pulley between the spool flanges and are formed to be assembled on and interlock With the spools. Each spool 16 has a large flange 20 and a small flange 21 permitting the spacer ring 18 to slide over (see Fig. 5) into engagement with the large flange which has a ledge 22 to receive and center it while the other end 23 of the ring remains partially seated on the smaller flange 21.

The large flange 20 of each spool is re CQSSGd as at 24 to receive the smaller flange of the adjacent spool and abut against the corresponding ring 18 so that the latter is held snugly in place between the spool flanges. For economy and lightness each ring 18 is channeled in cross section and provided with the stiffening ribs 25 and, in order to interlock the parts against relative rotation, the rings 18 carry dowel studs 26 engaging in holes 27 in the spool flanges 20. The spools and rings are easily assembled by simple axial movement (see Fig. 5) and positioned on the shaft 6 and fastened together by the tierods'li'i between the end plates 30 and 31 corresponding respectively to the larger and smaller spool flanges 20 and 21. In order to prevent the material from being drawn onto the magnetized end flanges where it would accumulate in an objectionable manner the belt is preferably wide enough to overhang these flanges; and end rings 32 of brass or other non-magnetic material are provided for this overhang of the belt to run on.

In the construction shown in full lines in'Figs. 3 and 5, each coil 17 is a continuous winding in one direction and adjacent coils are wound in opposite directions so that the magnetic flux is forced outward not only at the ends, but also passes througi'i the spool flanges to the periphery of the pulley at a plurality of intermediate sections a series of gaps along the periphery. in this form it is best to have an even number of gaps, otherwise there would be what is termed a bucking coil. For instance, if a three gap pulley were made instead of a four as shown in the drawing there would 'be two coils having a right-hand direction and one a left-hand direction, or vice versa. With an even number of coils this is fairly balanced, but the end pieces of course are weaker than the center magnets owin to the fact that there is no wire or windings on the outside. To compensate for this relative weakening of the end pieces end coil 40,2114 indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3,-

may be added on hubs of plates 30, 31 at' each end of the pulley and held in place by disks 41 ot-non-magnetic material. coils will be Wound in a direction opposite to that of the adjacent coils to increase the flux through the magnetic end pieces while the end rings 32 and disks 41 of brass will distribute the return flux through the extreme end poles.

forming beyond the periphery of These In order to make the distribution of the flux more uniform and extended and pro duce a construction wherein there will be an even number olcoils irrespe tive of the number of sections. the construction shown in Fig. 6 ma y be resorted to. Here each of the center coils 1T broken up into two oppositely wound sections as indicated by the arrows in said figure. Each end piece 30 and 31 carries a half coil section 37 adapted to increase the magnetic strength at the ends of the policy so as to give a sub stantially uniform holding power through out the periphery. Th 1 absence of magnetic material between the adjacent sections oi the coils also "forces the magnetic flux through paths farther out from the periphery of the pulley so that a thicker layer of material'on the belt will be properly magnetized. End rings 32:" and disks 11 house the end coil sections and are preferably of brass or other nouunagnctic material so that the flux of the extreme end pole is well distributed and the material will not gather and accumulate upon the ends of the pulley.

The apparatus of this invention is sim dc to manufacture and low in cost. Zach different width of pulley is built up by :sseinbling the required number of' duplicate sections which are cheaply produced in quantity, reduce the number of dill'ercut parts that have to be kept in stock. and permit the pulley to be quickly taken apart and repaired. Each section is rigidly fastened to the other and keyed to the shaft so that ample space is provided for the solenoid windings permitting a larger number oi ampere turns and a larger quantity of wire with a. corresponding low amperage so that there will be insured an 000110111) oi. current, a minimum degree of temperature in the wire, and long life to the coils.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the invention which is not confined to the specific embodiments shown or described, but is intended to cover such modifications thereof as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A magnetic pulley comprising a winding supported between llanges extending said coil, and a spacer ring bridging said flanges, said spacer ring being channeled in section. with inwardly directed edges engaging said flanges and an outer surface forming the periphery of said pulley.

2. 'magnetic pulley comprising a shaft, a plurality of dupli ate magnetic sections adapted to be each directly and independpendently supported on said" -inagnetic spool sections each havin ently siipported on said shaft to form the pulley, each section comprising a coil spool of magnetic material having a large flange extending to the periphery of the pulley,

and a small flange adapted to engage the large flange of the next adjacent spool in assembled position. i

A magnetic pulley comprising a shaft,

a plurality of duplicate magnetic sections .tlangeof the next adjacent spool in'assemhled position, and a spacer ring intervening between successive large. flanges.

- 4. In a magnetic pulley the combination with a shaft, of a plurality of duplicate inte gral flanges at each end directly an indeshaft, each spool having a separate winding thereon and rings bridging the end flanges of said spools, and having circular-peripheries at the belt surface of said pulley.

5. A magnetic pulley comprising a series of coil spools, at least one. of said spools having directly adjoining coils of opposite polarity thereon; l a v 6. A. magnetic pulley comprising a series of coil spools, at least one of said spools having directly adjoining coils of opposite polarity thereon, and a single end coil of polarity opposite to that of the adjacent intermediate coil.

7. In a magnetic pulley, a pair of coils of opposite polarity, means at the adjacent ends of said coils providing a path of. low permeability to the abutting fluxes, and means at the o posite ends of said coils for completing t 'e magnetic circuit so that the flux at the periphery of the pulle will be forced outwardand evenly distri uted,

8. In a magnetic pulley, a series of coils v of alternately different polarity, means pro-. viding magnetic paths of high permeability between alternate adjacent ends of coils of opposite polarity, and means providing ma neticpaths of relatively low )erme abi ity between the intermediate a jacent ends of said coils, so that the abutting fluxes thereat will be spread and the flux at the periphery of the pulley will be evenly distyibuted. s v

CHARLES GORDON BUCHANAN.

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